Unraveling the Mechanism of Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation in Osteoporosis: Insights from Gene Polymorphism.

Osteoporosis is characterized by increased resorption and decreased bone formation; it is predominantly influenced by genetic factors. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a vital role in bone homeostasis, and mutations in these genes are associated with osteoporosis. This study aimed to investigate the impact of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1042713 in the gene, encoding the beta-2-adrenergic receptor, on osteoblastogenesis.

Nanoparticles for Creating a Strategy to Stimulate Liver Regeneration.

Unlabelled: Presently, there is a need in the developing new approaches to stimulate liver regeneration, which would make its recovery more effective after resection. Application of nanoparticles, loaded with small bioactive molecules, with their targeted delivery into the liver is a promising approach. is to study the interaction of nanoparticles with various types of hepatic cells on the models of liver slices and primary hepatic cell cultures using the methods of multiphoton microscopy with fluorescence lifetime imaging.

Study of Neuroinflammation in the Rat Hippocampus during Ethanol Exposure and Pharmacological Correction with Azithromycin: New Data and Future Perspectives.

With prolonged ethanol ingestion, disturbances in the emotional spectrum develop, and memory problems are noted. These symptoms could be mediated by the development of neurochemical changes in the hippocampus of the brain. Although there is evidence that hippocampus is vulnerable to chronic alcohol intoxication and that neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration develop in this brain region, the key molecular mechanisms have not been identified.

SAXS, DLS, and MD studies of the Rg/Rh ratio for swollen and collapsed dendrimers.

The radius of gyration, Rg, and the hydrodynamic radius, Rh, are the main experimental parameters that characterize the size of linear and branched macromolecules. In the case of dendrimers in solution, the ratio Rg/Rh, depending on the global conformation, varies from 1 (for a Gaussian soft sphere) to 3/5 (for a hard sphere). However, for high-generation dendrimers, this ratio may be less than the limiting value for a hard sphere.

Effect of rifampicin on TLR4-signaling pathways in the nucleus accumbens of the rat brain during abstinence of long-term alcohol treatment.

Aims: The treatment with the antibiotic rifampicin (Rif) led to a decrease in the frequency of neurodegenerative pathologies. There are suggestions that the mechanism of action of Rif may be mediated by its effect on toll-like receptor (TLR)4-dependent pathways. We evaluated the expression status of TLR4-dependent genes during abstinence from long-term alcohol treatments in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the rat brain, and also studied the effects of Rif to correct these changes.

Tumor-associated macrophages respond to chemotherapy by detrimental transcriptional reprogramming and suppressing stabilin-1 mediated clearance of EGF.

Introduction: Tumor resistance to chemotherapy and metastatic relapse account for more than 90% of cancer specific mortality. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can process chemotherapeutic agents and impair their action. Little is known about the direct effects of chemotherapy on TAMs.

NMR Studies of Two Lysine Based Dendrimers with Insertion of Similar Histidine-Arginine and Arginine-Histidine Spacers Having Different Properties for Application in Drug Delivery.

In this paper we study two lysine-based peptide dendrimers with Lys-His-Arg and Lys-Arg-His repeating units and terminal lysine groups. Combination of His and Arg properties in a dendrimer could be important for biomedical applications, especially for prevention of dendrimer aggregation and for penetration of dendrimers through various cell membranes. We describe the synthesis of these dendrimers and the confirmation of their structure using 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Water Desalination Using Polyelectrolyte Hydrogel: Gibbs Ensemble Modeling.

Polyelectrolyte hydrogels can absorb a large amount of water across an osmotic membrane as a result of their swelling pressure. On the other hand, the insoluble cross-linked hydrogel network enables dewatering under the influence of external (thermal and/or mechanical) stimuli. Moreover, from a thermodynamic perspective, a polyelectrolyte hydrogel is already an osmotic membrane.

Biotechnical system based on fuzzy logic prediction for surgical risk classification using analysis of current-voltage characteristics of acupuncture points.

Objective: This study aimed to develop expert fuzzy logic model to assist physicians in the prediction of postoperative complications of prostatic hyperplasia before surgery.

Methods: A method for classification of surgical risks was developed. The effect of rotation of the current-voltage characteristics at biologically active points (acupuncture points) was used for the formation of classifier descriptors.

Prospects for the use of graphene-based biological sensors in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (review of literature).

Among the most significant challenges presented to modern medicine is the problem of cognitive disorders. The relevance of her research is determined by the wide spread of disorders of the higher cortical functions, their significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients, as well as high economic costs on the part of the state and the patient's relatives aimed at organizing medical, diagnostic and rehabilitation processes. The main cause of cognitive impairment in the elderly is Alzheimer's disease.

Developing neural network model for predicting cardiac and cardiovascular health using bioelectrical signal processing.

Coronary vascular disease (CHD) is one of the most fatal diseases worldwide. Cardio vascular diseases are not easily diagnosed in early disease stages. Early diagnosis is important for effective treatment, however, medical diagnoses are based on physician's personal experiences of the disease which increase time and testing cost to reach diagnosis.

New Trends in Bioremediation Technologies Toward Environment-Friendly Society: A Mini-Review.

Today's environmental balance has been compromised by the unreasonable and sometimes dangerous actions committed by humans to maintain their dominance over the Earth's natural resources. As a result, oceans are contaminated by the different types of plastic trash, crude oil coming from mismanagement of transporting ships spilling it in the water, and air pollution due to increasing production of greenhouse gases, such as CO and CH ., into the atmosphere.

Application of fuzzy neural network model and current-voltage analysis of biologically active points for prediction post-surgery risks.

The work investigates neural network model for prediction of post-surgical treatment risks. The descriptors of the risk classifiers are formed on the basis of the analysis of the current-voltage characteristics of one, two and three biologically active points. The training and verification samples were formed by examining 120 patients with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Extreme Biomimetics: Designing of the First Nanostructured 3D Spongin-Atacamite Composite and its Application.

The design of new composite materials using extreme biomimetics is of crucial importance for bioinspired materials science. Further progress in research and application of these new materials is impossible without understanding the mechanisms of formation, as well as structural features at the molecular and nano-level. It presents a challenge to obtain a holistic understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interaction of organic and inorganic phases under conditions of harsh chemical reactions for biopolymers.

Treatment of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi With a Dual-Wavelengths Copper Vapor Laser: A Case Series.

Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a severe challenge for dermatology. This pigmented skin lesion is undesirable for patients because of its localization in open areas of the body. Various visible and near-infrared laser systems and intense pulsed light (IPL) sources have been applied for CMN treatment.

Coupled liquid crystalline oscillators in Huygens' synchrony.

In the flourishing field of soft robotics, strategies to embody communication and collective motion are scarce. Here we report the synchronized oscillations of thin plastic actuators by an approach reminiscent of the synchronized motion of pendula and metronomes. Two liquid crystalline network oscillators fuelled by light influence the movement of one another and display synchronized oscillations in-phase and anti-phase in a steady state.

Water-soluble triazole chitin derivative and its based nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, catalytic and antibacterial properties.

In this work, we treated chitin with 2-(azidomethyl)oxirane and successfully involved the resultant azido chitin derivatives in the ultrasound-assisted Cu(I)-catalyzed azido-alkyne click (CuAAC) reaction with propargylic ester of N,N,N-trimethyl glycine. Thus, we obtained novel water-soluble triazole chitin derivatives. The triazole chitin derivatives and their nanoparticles are characterized by a high in vitro antibacterial activity, which is the same or even higher than that of commercial antibiotics ampicillin and gentamicin.

Novel biopolymer-based nanocomposite food coatings that exhibit active and smart properties due to a single type of nanoparticles.

We used nanoparticles which possess simultaneously active (antimicrobial, UV-protective and antioxidant) and smart (temperature sensing) properties. The nanoparticles (2Rh = 450 nm, PDI = 0.118 ± 0.

New water-soluble chitin derivative with high antibacterial properties for potential application in active food coatings.

The synthesis of new chitin derivatives through ultrasound-assisted treatment of the chitin with 1-azido-3-chloropropan-2-ol under Green Chemistry conditions is described. This is the first example of ultrasound-assisted polymer analogues transformation of chitin unaccompanied by noticeable backbone degradation or deacetylation. The obtained water-soluble azido chitin derivatives are characterized by high antibacterial activity, which is comparable with that of commercial antibiotics ampicillin and gentamicin.

Ultrasound and click chemistry lead to a new chitin chelator. Its Pd(II) complex is a recyclable catalyst for the Sonogashira reaction in water.

For the first time the possibility of chitin use as an accessible and easily-modifiable support for an efficient Pd(II) catalyst has been demonstrated. The modification of chitin avoiding a noticeable chain scission or deacetylation, is achieved by sonochemical alkylation with 1-azido-3-chloropropan-2-ol followed by a convenient azido-alkyne click reaction. The obtained polymer represents an extremely rare case of the chitin derivative soluble both in water and organic solvents.

Picosecond Yb-doped tapered fiber laser system with 1.26 MW peak power and 200 W average output power.

We demonstrate a compact picosecond master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) system based on an Yb-doped polarization-maintaining double-clad tapered fiber (T-DCF) delivering pulses with over 1.26 MW peak power and average output power up to 200 W preserving near diffraction limited beam quality. The unique properties of an active tapered fiber enable to amplify the seed pulses directly with no need for applying of additional stretching technique.

New water-soluble derivatives of chitin and their based nanoparticles: Antibacterial and catalytic activity.

A facile route towards new chitin derivatives with both catalytical and biological activities is proposed in the course of methodology development aimed at the design of polyfunctional materials on the basis of renewable and accessible natural polysaccharides. Ultrasound-promoted and Cu(I)-catalyzed azido-alkyne click cycloaddition of the propargylic ester of nicotinic acid and its N-methylated analogue to the azido chitin derivative allowed us to obtain previously unknown non-toxic water-soluble derivatives of chitin. The obtained polymers and their based nanoparticles demonstrated a high antibacterial activity in vitro, which is comparable or even superior to that of commercial antibiotics ampicillin and gentamicin.

[Assessment of the clinical efficacy of telemonitoring and distant counseling in patients with uncontrolled hypertension].

The aim of the study was to investigate the mathematical correlation of the clinical efficacy of blood pressure telemonitoring and distant counseling (BPTM) in patients in uncontrolled hypertension (HTN). Telehealth tools are widely used in HTN management. However clinical efficacy of such interventions assessed mainly in groups investigated without its populational and attributable impact.

Chitosan derivatives and their based nanoparticles: ultrasonic approach to the synthesis, antimicrobial and transfection properties.

In the present work, we demonstrate that alkylation of chitosan by alkyl halides, aza-Michael reaction with chitosan, and Ad-E reaction of chitosan with aldehydes can be efficiently mediated by ultrasound. An optimization of ultrasonic irradiation parameters allowed us to (i) accelerate the rate of the reactions dramatically, (ii) achieve high selectivity, and (iii) preserve integrity of the polysaccharide backbone avoiding its depolymerization. We evaluated antibacterial/antifungal and transfection activity of 8 different derivatives of chitosan and their based nanoparticles in vitro.