PIRADS 3 MRI lesions: are biopsies still necessary?

Introduction: A significant proportion of newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) cases are slow growing with a low risk of metastatic progression. There is a lack of data concerning the optimal biopsy regimen for improving diagnosis yield in PI-RADS3 lesions. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of current biopsy regimens in PI-RADS 3 lesions and identify clinical predictors to improve clinically significant PCa (csPCa) detection.

The METACER national cohort study of brain metastases in gastrointestinal cancers prospectively establishes prognostic factors.

Purpose: Availability data are scarce and primarily retrospective in patients with brain metastasis (BM) from gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. The objective of this cohort was to determine prognostic factors for survival outcomes in patients with BM from GI cancers.

Methods: METACER is a national multicentric prospective cohort study which included patients with BM diagnosis during a histologically proven digestive cancer follow-up between 2010 and 2014.

Evaluation of a Decentralized Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Assay for Kidney Allograft Rejection Monitoring.

Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is an emerging non-invasive biomarker for allograft injury detection. This study aimed to evaluate a new, decentralized dd-cfDNA testing kit against a centralized dd-cfDNA testing service broadly utilized in the United States. Kidney transplant recipients with decentralized and centralized dd-cfDNA measurements and concomitant kidney allograft biopsies were included in the study.

Erratum: Real-life efficacy of immunotherapy for Sézary syndrome: a multicenter observational cohort study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

When to stop immunotherapy for advanced melanoma: the emulated target trials.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated their efficacy with a 7.5-year overall survival (OS) close to 50% for advanced stages. The design of clinical trials provides for treatment until progression or toxicity, or for a maximum duration of two years.

Severe corneal manifestations of graft-versus-host disease: Experience of a tertiary referral center.

Purpose: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). GVHD may affect several organs, including ocular manifestations, ranging from dry eye syndrome to sight-threatening corneal ulceration or perforation. Limited information is available about characteristics and treatments of ocular GVHD and its relation to general prognosis.

Allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-centre, open-label, dose-escalation, phase 1 study.

Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with inadequate responses to standard therapies have unmet therapeutic needs. The immunomodulatory, proangiogenic, and antifibrotic properties of mesenchymal stromal cells support their use in treating patients with SLE. We aimed to assess the safety of a single intravenous infusion of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with severe SLE.

Fertility preservation before sterilizing treatment: cryopreservation of both ovaries to restore endocrine and reproductive functions.

Ovarian cortex cryopreservation is now a validated fertility preservation technique. Autotransplantation of this tissue allows restoration of ovarian hormone function in more than 90% of patients, and birth of at least one child in 30% of transplanted women. In the case of very highly gonadotoxic treatments, it is recommended that ovarian cortex be cryopreserved as first-line therapy to safeguard future fertility.

Low doses of alkylating agents do not harm human ovarian tissue destined for cryopreservation.

Objective: To investigate the impact of non-gonadotoxic doses of alkylating agents on human ovarian cortex.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Academic research center.

Anti Phospholipase A2 Receptor 1 Antibodies and Membranous Nephropathy Recurrence After Kidney Transplantation.

Introduction: Membranous nephropathy can lead to end-stage kidney disease, for which kidney transplantation is the preferred therapy. However, the disease often relapses, which can impact allograft survival.

Methods: We conducted a prospective multicenter study in France involving 72 patients with membranous nephropathy who were awaiting and then underwent kidney transplantation.

Combined antifungal therapy with immunostimulation for refractory cutaneous and peritoneal mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus.

Mucormycosis is a fungal infection typically affecting immunocompromised patients. Here, we report a severe case of invasive cutaneous and peritoneal mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus, successfully treated with a combination of antifungal therapy, PD-1 inhibitor, and interferon-gamma. We highlight the importance of personalized immunotherapy in refractory cases of invasive mucormycosis.

BK Polyomavirus Infection in Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review of Current Challenges and Future Directions.

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection of the kidney graft remains a major clinical issue in the field of organ transplantation. Risk factors for BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) and molecular tools for determining viral DNA loads are now better defined. BKPyV DNAemia in plasma, in particular, plays a central role in diagnosing active infection and managing treatment decisions.

Donor-Specific Antibodies Targeting a Repeated Eplet Mismatch and Outcome After Kidney Retransplantation.

Kidney retransplantations are associated with an increased risk of rejection and reduced graft survival compared to first transplantations, notably due to HLA sensitization. The impact of repeated eplet mismatches on retransplantation outcome has not been investigated. We retrospectively assessed the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and graft loss associated with preformed DSA targeting Repeated Eplet MisMatches (DREMM) in sensitized patients undergoing kidney retransplantation.

Clinical, Dosimetric and Radiomic Features Predictive of Lung Toxicity After (Chemo)Radiotherapy.

Background: Treatment of locally advanced non small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) is based on (chemo)radiotherapy, which may cause acute lung toxicity: radiation pneumonitis (RP). Its frequency seems to increase by the use of adjuvant durvalumab therapy.

Aims: To identify clinical, dosimetric, and radiomic factors associated with grade (G)≥2 RP and build a prediction model based on selected parameters.

Switching from dupilumab to tralokinumab or Janus kinase inhibitors in cases of ocular and/or facial adverse events in patients with atopic dermatitis: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) may discontinue dupilumab owing to dupilumab-induced ocular adverse events (DOAEs) or dupilumab-induced facial redness (DFR).

Objective: To evaluate DOAE and DFR outcomes after switching to tralokinumab or Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi).

Methods: This retrospective study included 106 patients discontinuing dupilumab because of DOAEs and/or DFR.

Outcomes following long-term disease control with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced melanoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can achieve durable responses in patients with advanced melanoma, and results from clinical trials suggest cure may be possible for a subset of patients. Despite clinical trial data, little is known about the risk, character, and clinical outcome of late recurrences after ICI. This study aimed to explore the disease outcomes and survival in a cohort of patients with long-term responses to ICI.

How do we respond to the threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria? Comparison of antibiotic appraisals from 2016 to 2020 of the French, English, and German HTA agencies.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide growing concern over the past decades. Thus, encouraging manufacturers to develop new antibiotics is needed. We hypothesised that transparency on the regulatory appraisals of antibiotics would provide an incentive to pharmaceutical development.

BCG Medac® for the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors: adverse events and predictive factors for tolerance.

Introduction: Adjuvant treatment with endovesical BCG instillations after resection of a bladder urothelial tumor remains the gold standard for intermediate- or high-risk non-muscle-invasive tumors. However, it is associated with frequent and sometimes serious adverse events (AEs).

Objectives: To comprehensively assess the frequency, intensity, and potential risk factors of BCG instillation AEs following the field experience of a single French center using only the Medac® BCG.

Methods of nivolumab administration in advanced melanoma: A comparison of patients' clinical outcomes treated with flat dose or weight-adjusted dose, a multicenter observational study.

Background: Nivolumab obtained approval in advanced melanoma (AM) with weight-adjusted dose (WAD) administration (3 mg/kg/2 weeks). In 2018, the dosage regimen was changed to flat dose (FD) administration (240 mg/2 weeks or 480 mg/4 weeks) based on a modeling study, without clinical data.

Methods: AM patients have been prospectively included in the French national multicenter MelBase database since 2013.

Long-term outcomes among patients who respond within the first year to nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy: A pooled analysis in 935 patients.

Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of RECIST response within 3, 6, or 12 months on long-term survival, and explore differences between nivolumab+ipilimumab and nivolumab monotherapy, we analyzed pooled 5-year data of 935 responder and non-responder patients at various time points after treatment initiation in CheckMate 069, 066, and 067 studies.

Patients And Methods: Treatment-naive advanced melanoma patients received nivolumab+ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy. To decrease immortal time bias, 3-, 6-, or 12-month overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) landmark analyses were performed.