196 results match your criteria: "Saint Petersburg University[Affiliation]"

Studying complexes of cryptic or pseudocryptic species opens new horizons for the understanding of speciation processes, an important yet vague issue for the digeneans. We investigated a hemiuroidean trematode across a wide geographic range including the northern European seas (White, Barents, and Pechora), East Siberian Sea, and the Pacific Northwest (Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan). The goals were to explore the genetic diversity within through mitochondrial ( and genes) and ribosomal (ITS1, ITS2, 28S rDNA) marker sequences, to study morphometry of maritae, and to revise the life cycle data.

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Damage of the gastrointestinal mucosa is a major side effect of the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Insight into the molecular pathogenesis of 5-FU-induced gut mucositis is expected to justify the strategies of prophylaxis. We analyzed intestinal specimens obtained from Balb/c mice treated with 70 mg/kg 5-FU daily for up to 6 days.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines how chronic exposure to digoxin affects locomotor activity and brain chemistry in zebrafish.
  • Zebrafish were housed in groups and exposed to 2 μM of digoxin for a week, resulting in increased hyperactivity and decreased anxiety in a novel environment test.
  • The findings reveal significant changes in brain monoamine levels, indicating that cardiotonic steroids like digoxin can influence neurotransmission, which might have implications for neuropsychiatric conditions.
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The member of trace-amine associated receptor family, TAAR5 receptor was suggested to recognize tertiary amines, mostly in the olfactory system; however, knocking out the receptor TAAR5 in mice showed an enhancing effect on adult neurogenesis and dopamine neurotransmission in the striatum. To estimate the role of the TAAR5, we performed gene expression profiling of striatal samples from TAAR5 knockout (KO) mice and their wild-type littermates. The higher expression of several genes involved in dopaminergic signaling and the downregulation of genes associated with gliogenesis were revealed in TAAR5-KO mice.

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Background: Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged as effective solvents that address many challenges in analytical chemistry, particularly in microextraction. However, until now, their use has been primarily focused on extraction processes. This has significantly limited their application in analytical chemistry, especially in flow analysis, where the high viscosity of DES has made their use difficult.

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Neurotranscriptomic and behavioral effects of ISRIB, and its therapeutic effects in the traumatic brain injury model in zebrafish.

Brain Res

February 2025

Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia. Electronic address:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global medical concern and has a lasting impact on brain activity with high risks of mortality. Current treatments are inadequate for repairing damaged brain cells or correcting cognitive and behavioral disabilities in TBI patients. Mounting evidence links TBI to the activation of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR) signaling in the brain.

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Wandering the taxonomic mine-field: the Podocotyle species complex (Digenea: Opecoelidae).

Syst Parasitol

October 2024

Laboratory of Parasitic Worms and Protists, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

This study focuses on the opecoelid genus Podocotyle, particularly the species in the northern European seas (White, Barents and Pechora), with additional data from few isolates from the Far East. The research combines molecular analyses (28S, 5.8S+ITS2 rDNA, and cox1 mtDNA) and morphological examinations.

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In this work, a novel deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of thymol and 1-(o Tolyl)thiourea 9/1 (mol) is presented for the first time. This DES has not been described in the literature. This DES was first used as a stationary phase in an extraction column integrated into a flow injection analysis system for the simultaneous determination of mercury and copper in edible oils.

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Automated liquid-liquid deep eutectic solvents based microextraction procedure for determination of acrylamide in foodstuffs by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.

J Food Sci Technol

December 2024

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, Saint Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, St. Petersburg, Russia 199034.

Unlabelled: For the rapid and efficient determination of acrylamide in food products by HPLC-UV, an environmentally friendly analytical approach has been developed, including liquid-phase extraction and subsequent liquid-liquid microextraction using a deep eutectic solvent. To automate the procedure, the flow-through "lab in a syringe" method was used. Acrylamide is considered a potential endocrine disrupting chemical and its main source is fried foods, which are widely consumed by both children and adults.

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Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most malignant and intractable of all cancers, with an unfavorable clinical prognosis for affected patients. The objective was to analyze the sensitivity of GBM cells to the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) cathelicidin (LL-37) and protegrin-1 (PG-1), both alone and in combination with chemotherapy, to predict overall survival (OS) in the patients. The study was conducted on 27 GBM patients treated in the neurosurgical department of the Almazov Medical Research Centre (Saint Petersburg, Russia) from 2021 to 2024.

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Dopamine dysfunction (DA) is a hallmark of many neurological disorders. In this case, the mechanism of changes in dopamine transmission on behavior remains unclear. This study is a look into the intricate link between disrupted DA signaling, neuronal activity patterns, and behavioral abnormalities in a hyperdopaminergic animal model.

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We report the synthesis of novel cobalt complexes-based catalysts designed for the oscillatory Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. For the first time, we introduce cobalt complex-based self-oscillating gels that demonstrate autonomous color oscillations within a BZ reagent solution, functioning without the need for any external stimuli. We created acrylamide-based self-oscillating gels containing immobilized tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(II) or tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(II) complexes and gels containing covalently bound (5-acrylamido-1,10-phenanthroline)bis(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(II), (5-acrylamido-1,10-phenanthroline)bis(1,10-phenanthroline) cobalt(II), or tris(5-acrylamido-1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(II) complexes.

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Structurally diverse pyrroles, indoles and imidazoles bearing an -ω-azidoalkyl moiety and an aldehyde or ketone function were prepared and successfully introduced into imine generation the intramolecular Staudinger/aza-Wittig tandem reaction. Reduction of the generated imines led to medicinally relevant nitrogen-containing fused heterocycles such as tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-]pyrazines and diazepines. Rare 8-membered hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-][1,4]diazocine and 9-membered dihydro-4,8-(metheno)pyrrolo[1,2-][1,4]diazacycloundecine were also synthesized.

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Supramolecular solvents based on hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvents and primary amines for preconcentration and determination of enrofloxacin in milk.

Talanta

November 2024

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.

In this work, coacervation in primary amines solutions with hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvents based on terpenoids and carboxylic acids was demonstrated for the first time. A liquid-phase microextraction approach was developed based on supramolecular solvent formation with primary amine acting as amphiphile and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent making up mixed vesicles and serving as coacervation agent. Such supramolecular solvents could be used to separate wide range of substances from different aqueous media, such as food products, biological liquids and wastewaters.

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The brain's sensory lateralization involves the processing of information from the sensory organs primarily in one hemisphere. This can improve brain efficiency by reducing interference and duplication of neural circuits. For species that rely on successful interaction among family partners, such as geese, lateralization can be advantageous.

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Playing a key role in the organization of striatal motor output, the dopamine (DA)-ergic system regulates both innate and complex learned behaviors. Growing evidence clearly indicates the involvement of the DA-ergic system in different forms of repetitive (perseverative) behavior. Some of these behaviors accompany such disorders as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, and addiction.

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Depression is a common mental illness of great concern. Current therapy for depression is only suitable for 80% of patients and is often associated with unwanted side effects. In this regard, the search for and development of new antidepressant agents remains an urgent task.

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Article Synopsis
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected vulnerable populations, especially those with severe mental illnesses, who face higher risks and often lack prioritized vaccination strategies.
  • A study found that while 80% of surveyed countries have nationalized healthcare, only 26% included mental health professionals in their advisory groups for vaccination priorities, with most focusing on physical health conditions like cancer and diabetes.
  • The findings highlight the urgent need for better integration of mental health considerations in public health policies, particularly during health crises like COVID-19, as patients with mental illnesses have been largely neglected.
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Although colistin has a crucial antibacterial activity in treating multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria strains; it exhibited renal and neuronal toxicities rendering its use a challenge. Previous studies investigated the incretin hormones either glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) or glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) for their neuroprotective and nephroprotective effectiveness. The present study focused on investigating Tirzepatide (Tirze), a dual GLP-1/GIP agonist, as an adjuvant therapy in the colistin treatment protocol for attenuating its renal and neuronal complications.

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Mollusks, including snails, possess two chambered hearts. The heart and cardiomyocytes of snails have many similarities with those of mammals. Also, the biophysics and pharmacology of Ca, K, and Na ion channels resemble.

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Cardiotonic steroids (CTSs), such as digoxin, are used for heart failure treatment. However, digoxin permeates the brain-blood barrier (BBB), affecting central nervous system (CNS) functions. Finding a CTS that does not pass through the BBB would increase CTSs' applicability in the clinic and decrease the risk of side effects on the CNS.

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There are several species of gymnophallid digeneans in the genus Parvatrema that are unique in developing metacercariae that reproduce by parthenogenesis in the second intermediate host. Transmission of these digeneans takes place in coastal ecosystems of the North Pacific and North Atlantic seas. The first intermediate hosts are bivalves, the second ones are gastropods, and the definitive hosts are migratory birds.

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Towards the development of a DNA automaton: modular RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme logic gates regulated by miRNAs.

Analyst

March 2024

Laboratory of Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies, ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova Str., 191002, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.

Advancements in DNA computation have unlocked molecular-scale information processing possibilities, utilizing the intrinsic properties of DNA for complex logical operations with transformative applications in biomedicine. DNA computation shows promise in molecular diagnostics, enabling precise and sensitive detection of genetic mutations and disease biomarkers. Moreover, it holds potential for targeted gene regulation, facilitating personalized therapeutic interventions with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects.

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Preeclampsia is a disorder that can occur during pregnancy and is one of the leading causes of death among pregnant women. This disorder occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy and is characterized by arterial hypertension, proteinuria, fetoplacental, and multiple organ dysfunctions. Despite the long history of studying preeclampsia, its etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood, and therapy is symptomatic.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the relationship between P-wave characteristics in ECG readings and the prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based sample of older adults.
  • Researchers analyzed data from the Malmö Preventative Project, tracking 983 AF-free individuals for five years while measuring various P-wave features such as duration, axis, and dispersion.
  • Results showed that abnormal P-wave axis and a high MVP score were significant predictors of new-onset AF, highlighting the relevance of specific P-wave metrics and the importance of recognizing advanced interatrial block as a risk factor for AF.
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