Association of maternal psychological distress with children with overweight/obesity in Ethiopia.

Background: Poor maternal mental health is a major risk factor for adverse offspring health outcomes, including overweight/obesity status. Maternal mental distress is highly prevalent and associated with parenting practices influencing child weight. To date, there is little information documented in Ethiopia on maternal mental distress and children with overweight/obesity status.

'We just don't have this in us…': Understanding factors behind low levels of physical activity in South Asian immigrants in Metro-Vancouver, Canada.

Background: South Asian immigrants in western countries are at a high risk for metabolic syndrome and associated chronic disease. While a physically active lifestyle is crucial in decreasing this risk, physical activity (PA) levels among this group remain low. The objectives of this study were to explore social and cultural factors that influence PA behavior, investigate how immigration process intersects with PA behaviors to influence PA levels and to engage community in a discussion about what can be done to increase PA in the South Asian community.

Hepatic steatosis as measured by the computed attenuation parameter predicts fibrosis in long-term methotrexate use.

Introduction: To determine predictors of hepatic steatosis by the computed attenuation parameter (CAP) and fibrosis via transient elastography (TE) in persons on methotrexate (MTX) therapy with rheumatologic and dermatologic diseases.

Methods: A single-centred retrospective cohort study was performed. Patients on >6 months of MTX for a rheumatologic or dermatologic disease who had undergone TE from January 2015 to September 2019 were included.

Inflammatory mediators profile in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A comparative study.

Abnormal inflammatory mediator concentrations during SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent disease severity. We aimed to assess plasma inflammatory mediator concentrations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study, 260 adults: 126 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 sorted into severity groups: severe (n=68) and mild or moderate (n=58), and 134 healthy controls were enrolled.

Determinants of Postoperative Abdominal Wound Dehiscence among Patients Operated in a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Abdominal wound dehiscence is one of the dreadful complications for surgeons in their daily activities.The Objective of this study was to identify determinants of abdominal would dehiscence among patients operated at Saint Paul hospital millennium medical college.

Methods: A Matched case-control study to determine the predictors of abdominal wound dehiscence among operated patients at St.

Adherence to Antiretroviral Medications Among People Living With HIV in the Era of COVID-19 in Central Ethiopia and Perceived Impact of the Pandemic.

Aim: This study assessed the level of adherence to antiretroviral drugs and the associated factors among clients who have a follow-up at public health facilities in central Ethiopia.

Method: A multi-site cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1-30, 2020 at seven public health institutions. A systematic random sampling method was used to recruit 385 participants.

Factors associated with discontinuation among long-acting reversible contraceptive users: a multisite prospective cohort study in urban public health facilities in Ethiopia.

Objective: The study aims to determine discontinuation among long-acting reversible contraceptive users at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after initiation and its associated factors among new long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) users.

Design: A facility-based multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted with a sample size of 1766 women.

Setting: The study was conducted in five large cities of Ethiopia (Addis Ababa, Gondar, Mekelle, Jimma and Harar) between March 2017 and December 2018.

Treatment experiences of male and female youths with eating disorders.

Objectives: The current study was conducted to further understand the experiences of youths with an eating disorder with accessing services and receiving treatment. Participants' perceptions of the role of gender in eating disorder treatment was also assessed.

Design: A prospective mixed methods design was used, with the current report focusing on qualitative interviews.

Episiotomy Practice and Its Associated Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Episiotomy, a surgical procedure that enlarges the vaginal opening during childbirth, was common practice until the early 2000s. Other sources, including the World Health Organization (WHO), advocate for the selective use of episiotomy. Episiotomy rates, on the other hand, have remained high in developing countries, while declining in developed countries.

Association between delayed initiation of treatment indications and survival in patients with cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Background: Cervical cancer is a growing public health problem globally. Despite the availability of management options, the progression of the disease as a function of waiting time may challenge the effort to attain a desired outcome. There is a conflicting report on the role of waiting time to initiate an appropriate treatment in improving patients' survival.

Development and Pilot Test of a Group Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Women Recovering From Fistula Repair Surgery in Ethiopia.

Obstetric fistula is a serious complication that affects thousands of women in low-income countries. Women who suffer from obstetric fistulae are at risk of developing mental health problems, but to date most interventions have focused on repairing the physical consequences of fistulae through surgery. The goal of the current study is to develop an evidence-based intervention targeting symptoms of depression, anxiety, and trauma in women recovering from fistula repair surgery.

Automated Library Construction and Analysis for High-Throughput Nanopore Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2.

Background: To support the implementation of high-throughput pipelines suitable for SARS-CoV-2 sequencing and analysis in a clinical laboratory, we developed an automated sample preparation and analysis workflow.

Methods: We used the established ARTIC protocol with approximately 400 bp amplicons sequenced on Oxford Nanopore's MinION. Sequences were analyzed using Nextclade, assigning both a clade and quality score to each sample.

Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life of patients with T2DM and hypertension attending public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 through 30 August 2020 at the selected institutions. Health facilities were chosen purposively based on patient load.

Physical exercise and its associated factors among Ethiopian pregnant women: a cross-sectional study based on the theory of planned behavior.

Introduction: Women in Ethiopia prefer sedentary behavior and are physically inactive during pregnancy; this increases the risks of pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess physical exercise and its associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care at Debermarkose Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: using the theory of planned behavior.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 23rd February to 10th June, 2020.

Long-Term Exposures to Air Pollutants and Risk of Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan.

Air pollution is one of the most alarming environmental issues which causes multiple health hazards. An association between air pollution and cardiovascular diseases has been established through many prior studies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the risk of long-term exposure to air pollution (PM, CO, and NO) and its association with the risk of developing peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD).

Rheumatic heart disease knowledge and associated factors among nurses working in cardiac centers at public and private hospitals of Addis Ababa: cross sectional study.

Background: It is proposed that the biggest gap in control of rheumatic heart disease is in implementing of ineffective primary and secondary preventive measures. These measures are supposed to be well addressed by nurses. For prevention and proper management, nurses are expected to have full knowledge about rheumatic heart disease.

Unmet need for contraception and associated factors among women with cardiovascular disease having follow-up at Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Unmet need for contraception refers to the proportion of women who want to postpone or stop childbearing but are not using a contraceptive method. Addressing unmet need is especially important for women with medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preventing unintended pregnancy is crucial to improve pregnancy outcomes and minimize complications of CVD during pregnancy.

Glycemic control among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and its determinants in a resource-limited setting.

Objectives: Glycemic control is an important parameter that can predict long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. It can be affected by many factors. Hence, identifying those factors for improving disease outcomes is essential.

Device-worn measures of sedentary time and physical activity in South Asian adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in Metro-Vancouver, Canada.

Background: South Asians have high incidence of chronic disease. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary time are modifiable risk factors for chronic disease but their assessment in South Asians has been primarily based on self-report. This study presents directly-measured PA and sedentary time in South Asian adults in Canada.

Treatment Outcome and Associated Factors of Acute Malnutrition Among Children in the Therapeutic Feeding Center of Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Severe acute malnutrition is the most prevalent reason for admission to a pediatric unit, and it is a leading cause of mortality in many countries, including Ethiopia, at 25% to 30%, where it affects both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess treatment outcomes and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from medical records of patients enrolled in the therapeutic feeding center from January 2016 to March 2019.

COVID-19 precautionary practices and associated factors among clients visiting a tertiary hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Despite efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, Addis Ababa, the country's COVID-19 epicenter, is experiencing a sharp increase in the number of cases and death rate. While poor public adherence to COVID-19 precautionary practices is evident, factors associated with it are not well studied. We aimed to assess the level of practice of COVID-19 precaution and associated factors.

Thyroid abnormalities in children with Down syndrome at St. Paul's hospital millennium medical college, Ethiopia.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the commonest thyroid abnormality in patients with Down syndrome (DS). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of thyroid abnormalities, to assess the age at diagnosis, and to examine the screening practice in children with DS in a resource limited setting.

Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in children with DS seen at endocrine follow-up clinic.

Determinants of pneumonia among children attending public health facilities in Worabe town.

Childhood pneumonia is common in developing countries, with significant morbidity and mortality. Taking the significance of the problem and variability of risk factors into account, a study was needed to identify the potential determinants of pneumonia in under-five children. A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 435 children (145 cases and 290 controls) aged 2-59 months at public health facilities in Worabe town from December 28, 2016, to January 30, 2017.