Receiving quality antenatal care service increases the chance of maternal use of skilled birth attendants in Ethiopia: Using a longitudinal panel survey.

Background: Evidence has suggested that maternal use of skilled birth attendant is the most important factor to reduce maternal mortality because of more than three-fourths of maternal deaths occur during child delivery or within 24 hours after delivery due to hemorrhage, hypertension, ruptured uterus and sepsis. In Ethiopia, more than 42% of pregnant women with 4+ antenatal care (ANC) visit did not deliver by skilled birth attendant. The factors for women not using skilled birth attendant after any ANC visit is not well-studied yet.

The impact of khat chewing on heart activity and rehabilitation therapy from khat addiction in healthy khat chewers.

Khat is a flowering plant whose leaves and stems are chewed for excitement purposes in most of east African and Arabian countries. Khat can cause mood changes, increased alertness, hyperactivity, anxiety, elevated blood pressure, and heart diseases. However, the effect of khat on the heart has not been studied exclusively.

Muscle Strength, Physical Fitness, Balance, and Walking Ability at Risk of Fall for Prefrail Older People.

Aim: This study was to explore the relationship of older adults' demographic information, physiological indices, and stages of frailty with their risk of falling.

Methods: In the cross-sectional study, a total of 221 older adults with the mean age 74.9 (SD = 6.

Subchronic toxicity study of herbal tea of (Baker f.) Cudof. and L. leaves formulation in Wistar albino rats.

Background: (Baker f.) Cudof. and L.

Prenatal developmental toxicity study of herbal tea of and leaves formulation in Wistar rats.

Background: and have long been used to treat diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and other ailments. Herbal tea of and leaves formulation showed better antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities. This study investigated the prenatal developmental toxicity potential of the herbal tea of leaves blend in rats.

The Status of Facility Based Emergency Care in Public Hospitals of Ethiopia Using WHO Assessment Tool.

Background: The availability of emergency care contributes to half of the total mortality burden in a low and middle income countries. The significant proportion of emergency departments in LMICs are understaffed and poorly equipped. The purpose of this study is to examine the status of emergency units and to describe the facilitators and barriers to the provision of facility-based emergency care at selected Ethiopian public hospitals.

Clinical Competence and Perception of Medical Students after Early Clinical Exposure through Pre-clerckship Education at an Ethiopian Medical School: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Conventional medical curriculum is the mainstay in the long history of modern medical education. Innovative integrated medical curriculum attracted significant attention in improving conventional curriculum. In the integrated curriculum, basic sciences are incorporated horizontally with each other, and students are exposed early to clinical settings.

New Onset of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Factors among COVID-19 Patients in COVID-19 Care Centers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2022.

Introduction: New onset of diabetes mellitus was noted as the commonest comorbidity in the COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed to a worse prognosis. Existing evidence showed that new-onset diabetes is associated with increased mortality compared to nondiabetic and known diabetic patients in the COVID-19 era. SARS-CoV-2 virus can worsen existing diabetes; at the same time, it can trigger new-onset diabetes that eventually worsens patient outcomes.

Factors associated with inadequate prenatal care service utilization in Ethiopia according to the WHO recommended standard guidelines.

Background: Adequate maternal health care could prevent 54% of maternal deaths in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, the maternal mortality rate was reduced from 817 to 412 deaths per 100,000 live births between 2000 and 2016. Thus, the current study focuses on the adequacy of prenatal care (PNC) services rather than the mere prenatal contacts available to assess compliance with the WHO recommended standard guidelines.

Predictors of intention to receive cervical cancer screening among commercial sex workers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: application of the theory of planned behavior.

Background: Cervical cancer is a global public health problem & is the fourth leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Abnormal cervical lesion is common in commercial sex workers and is at a higher risk of developing cervical cancer due to multiple sexual partners besides other factors. Intention is an important predictor of behavior and is an initiative to transform their desire into action.

Clinical Profile and Outcome of Patients Operated on for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in a Developing Country.

Purpose: With nearly 500,000 new cases and over 150,000 deaths worldwide in 2020, renal cancers remain a significant component of the global burden of cancer. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical presentation, peri-operative condition and short-term outcome of patients operated with the primary diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at a large tertiary care referral center.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective institution-based study was done.

Wandering Spleen with Splenic Torsion: Unusual Cause of Acute Abdomen.

Introduction: Wandering spleen is a rare condition characterised by laxity or lack of splenic ligaments as a result of acquired or congenital causes. There is a possibility of misdiagnosis due to its vague symptoms. In order to make a proper diagnosis, imaging techniques including abdominal ultrasonography and CT scanning are essential.

Association between location of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, on-scene socioeconomic status, and accessibility to public automated defibrillators in two large metropolitan areas in Canada and France.

Aim: To compare walking access times to automated external defibrillators (AEDs) between area-level quintiles of socioeconomic status (SES) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases occurring in 2 major urban regions of Canada and France.

Methods: This was an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study of adult, non-traumatic OHCA cases in the metropolitan Vancouver (Canada) and Rhône County (France) regions that occurred between 2014 and 2018. We calculated area-level SES for each case, using quintiles of country-specific scores (Q5 = most deprived).

Clinical manifestations and outcomes of fungus-associated asthma: A multi-institution database study in Taiwan.

Background: Differences in the clinical phenotypes and outcomes of fungus-associated asthma remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the presentation of asthmatics with fungal sensitization and/or positive fungal isolates.

Methods: Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function, microbiological data, allergy test reports, emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations were retrieved from the Chang Gung Research Database between 2010 and 2018; the largest electronic medical record-based database in Taiwan.

Conflict, community, and COVID-19: response and implications in Ethiopia.

Community transmission of COVID-19 is currently on the rise in Ethiopia, while availability of diagnostic and treatment services remains limited. Impaired access to essential services is affected by the pandemic's strain on the health system, and as a consequence of the country's public health response. The ongoing conflict in the Tigray Region provides another obstacle to accessing and providing care for the local population; and has displaced large numbers of people both within and outside the country.

Assessment of Risk Factors for Advanced Open Angle Glaucoma Presentation among Patients Visiting Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia.

Background: Glaucoma is the predominant cause of irreversible blindness, particularly the late presentation. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with late presentation in Jimma University Medical Center.

Methods: A case-control study was done among patients newly diagnosed to have open angle glaucoma (of any type) at Jimma University Medical Center from July 2014 - January 2019.

Incidence, survival time and associated factors of virological failure among adult HIV/AIDS patients on first line antiretroviral therapy in St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College-A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Human Immune deficiency Virus or Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a pandemic affecting millions around the world. The 2020 the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS report stated that the estimated number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is 38 million globally by 2019. Ethiopia is among HIV high burden countries in Africa.

Limited value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and serum creatinine as point-of-care biomarkers of disease severity and infection mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Introduction: In hospitalized COVID-19, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and serum creatinine is sometimes measured under assumption they predict disease severity and mortality. We determined the potential value of NLR and serum creatinine as predictors of disease severity and mortality in COVID-19.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients admitted to premier COVID-19 treatment hospitals in Ethiopia.

Risk factors of early mortality among COVID-19 deceased patients in Addis Ababa COVID-19 care centers, Ethiopia.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is a global health care problem with high mortality. Despite early mortality seeming alarming, data regarding factors that lead to increased early mortality of COVID 19 patients is not well-documented yet. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of early mortality in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infections.

Prevalence of cryptococcal meningitis among people living with human immuno-deficiency virus and predictors of mortality in adults on induction therapy in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a leading cause of adult meningitis in countries with a high burden of HIV. It has remained a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa despite the extensive rollout of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to systematically synthesize the evidence on the prevalence of CM among people living with HIV (PLWH) and its predictors of mortality among adults who are on induction antifungal therapy in Africa.

Circulating Mutations in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma by Circulating Tumor Cell Isolation Systems: A Concordance Study.

We developed a hybrid platform using a negative combined with a positive selection strategy to capture circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and detect epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Blood samples were collected from patients with pathology-proven treatment-naïve stage IV lung adenocarcinoma. Genomic DNA was extracted from CTCs collected for mutational tests.

Trends of and Factors Associated with Maternal Near-Miss in Selected Hospitals in North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia.

Maternal near-miss (MNM) refers to a woman who nearly died but survived a complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. Studies in Ethiopia showed an inconsistent proportion of MNM across time and in different setups. This study is aimed at assessing the magnitude, trends, and correlates of MNM at three selected hospitals in North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia.

Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among household heads living in the peri-urban areas of Jimma town, Oromia, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Ethiopia has set national targets for eliminating soil-transmitted helminths (STH) as public health problems by 2020 and for breaking their transmission by 2025 using periodic mass treatment of children in endemic areas. However, the status of STH infection among the adults living in the same communities remains unknown. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the prevalence and intensity of STH infections and associated factors among the household heads in the peri-urban areas of Jimma town, Oromia, Ethiopia.

The effects of estrogen induction therapy on pubertal presentations in turner syndrome patients.

Objective: In this study, we investigated various pubertal presentations and progressions before and after estrogen induction therapy and the correlations with Turner syndrome karyotypes.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with Turner syndrome diagnosed before the age of 18 years between 2000 and 2019. Sixty-six patients were enrolled and distributed into 45,X monosomy group, X chromosome structural abnormalities group and X mosaicism group.