Survival Differences in Asian and Hispanic Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Although they are fast-growing populations in the United States, little is known about survival outcomes of Hispanic and Asian patients after in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods And Results: In Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation, we identified Asian, Hispanic, and White adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest during 2005 to 2023. Using multivariable models, we compared rates of survival to discharge separately for Asian and Hispanic patients versus White patients, as well as rates of sustained return of spontaneous circulation for ≥20 minutes and favorable neurologic survival as secondary outcomes.

Impact of Social Vulnerability on Cardiac Arrest Mortality in the United States, 2016 to 2020.

Background: Cardiac arrest is 1 of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 340 000 out-of-hospital and 292 000 in-hospital cardiac arrest events per year in the United States. Survival rates are lower in certain racial and socioeconomic groups.

Methods And Results: We performed a county-level cross-sectional longitudinal study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research multiple causes of death data set between 2016 and 2020 among individuals of all ages whose death was attributed to cardiac arrest.

Temporal Trends in Substance Use and Cardiovascular Disease-Related Mortality in the United States.

Background: There are limited data on substance use (SU) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality trends in the United States. We aimed to evaluate SU+CVD-related deaths in the United States using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging, Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database.

Methods And Results: The Multiple Cause-of-Death Public Use record death certificates were used to identify deaths related to both SU and CVD.

Remote Heart Failure Symptoms Assessment After Myocardial Infarction Identifies Patients at Risk for Death.

Background: Heart failure is a common complication after myocardial infarction (MI) and is associated with increased mortality. Whether remote heart failure symptoms assessment after MI can improve risk stratification is unknown. The authors evaluated the association of the 23-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) with all-cause mortality after MI.

Impact of Marital Stress on 1-Year Health Outcomes Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background Stress experienced in a marriage or committed relationship may be associated with worse patient-reported outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but little is known about this association in young adults (≤55 years) with AMI. Methods and Results We used data from VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients), an observational cohort study that enrolled individuals aged 18 to 55 years with AMI (2008-2012). Marital stress was self-reported 1 month after AMI using the Stockholm Marital Stress Scale (categorized as absent/mild, moderate, and severe).

Comparison of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes Between Asian and White Individuals in the United States.

Background Disparities in bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and survival have been reported for Black and Hispanic individuals with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Whether Asian individuals have lower rates of bystander CPR and survival for OHCA, as compared with White individuals, remains unknown. Methods and Results Within the US-based CARES (Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival), we identified 278 989 OHCAs in Asian and White individuals during 2013 to 2021.

Health Status Outcomes in Older Adults Undergoing Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background Although chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are common in older adults, they are less likely to be offered CTO percutaneous coronary intervention for angina relief than younger adults. The health status impact of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention in adults aged ≥75 years has not been studied. We sought to compare technical success rates and angina-related health status outcomes at 12 months between adults aged ≥75 and <75 years in the OPEN-CTO (Outcomes, Patient Health Status, and Efficiency in Chronic Total Occlusion) registry.

Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Primer For the General Cardiologist.

Durable implantable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been shown to improve survival and quality of life for patients with stage D heart failure. Even though LVADs remain underused overall, the number of patients with heart failure supported with LVADs is steadily increasing. Therefore, general cardiologists will increasingly encounter these patients.

Hospital Variation of Spironolactone Use in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure in China-The China PEACE Retrospective Heart Failure Study.

Background Although aldosterone antagonists improve outcomes in select individuals with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, studies in the United States have raised concerns about underuse and overuse. Variations in the prescription of aldosterone antagonist in China are unknown. Methods and Results In the multicenter, hospital-based, retrospective China PEACE (China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events) study, we identified a nationally representative cohort of admissions for heart failure in a nationally representative sample of Chinese hospitals in 2015.

Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement on Hospitalization Rates: Insights From Nationwide Readmission Database.

Background Hospitalization rates after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remain high, given the age and comorbidities of patients undergoing TAVR. To better understand the impact of TAVR on hospitalization, we sought to compare hospitalization rates before and after TAVR and to examine if underlying patient comorbidities are associated with a differential effect of TAVR on hospitalizations. Methods and Results We used the Nationwide Readmissions Database to identify patients who underwent TAVR.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Early Recurrent Myocardial Infarction After Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background We aimed to understand the characteristics and outcomes of patients readmitted with a recurrent myocardial infarction (RMI) within 90 days of discharge after an acute myocardial infarction (early RMI). Methods and Results We analyzed the timing of reinfarction, etiology, and outcome for all patients admitted with an early RMI within 90 days of discharge after an acute myocardial infarction between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2017. We identified 6626 admissions for acute myocardial infarction (index myocardial infarction) which led to 168 cases of RMI within 90 days of discharge.

Hospital Variation in 30-Day Readmissions Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background Data on hospital variation in 30-day readmission rates after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are limited. Further, whether such variation is explained by differences in hospital characteristics and hospital practice patterns remains unknown. Methods and Results We used the 2017 Nationwide Readmissions Database to identify hospitals that performed at least 5 TAVRs.

Change of Health-Related Quality of Life Over Time and Its Association With Patient Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure.

Background Improving health-related quality of life is an important goal in the management of patients with heart failure (HF). Defining health-related quality of life changes over time in patients with HF with preserved (HFpEF) or reduced ejection fraction and showing their association with other important clinical events could support the use of health-related quality of life as a measure of quantifying HF care. Methods and Results In the Alberta HEART (Heart Failure Aetiology and Analysis Team) cohort (n=621), patients were categorized into 4 subgroups: healthy controls (n=98), at risk (n=163), HFpEF (n=191), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (n=169).

Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Health Status in Peripheral Artery Disease: Role of Sex Differences.

Background The association of depressive symptoms with health status in peripheral artery disease (PAD) is understudied. No reports of differential impact on women have been described. Methods and Results The PORTRAIT (Patient-Centered Outcomes Related to Treatment Practices in Peripheral Artery Disease Investigating Trajectories) registry enrolled 1243 patients from vascular specialty clinics with new or worsening PAD symptoms.

Comanagement of Risk Factors in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From the APPEAR Study.

Background Effective management of cardiovascular risk factors is the foundation of secondary prevention in coronary artery disease. The physician under whose sphere these are managed can vary, primary care physicians, cardiologists, or both, and the optimal management strategy for risk factor control is unknown. Methods and Results The APPEAR (Angina Prevalence and Provider Evaluation of Angina Relief) study was a cross-sectional cohort study of outpatients with coronary artery disease (stable angina, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting, or myocardial infarction) from 25 US cardiology practices.

Association of Neighborhood Race and Income With Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background For individuals with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), survival may be influenced by the neighborhood in which the arrest occurs. Methods and Results Within the national CARES (Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival) registry, we identified 169 502 patients with OHCA from 2013 to 2017. On the basis of census tract data, OHCAs were categorized as occurring in predominantly white (>80% white), majority black (>50% black), or integrated (neither of these 2) neighborhoods and in low-income (median household <$40 000), middle-income ($40 000 to $80 000), or high-income (>$80 000) neighborhoods.