Advancing mitochondrial therapeutics: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of pyrazole-based inhibitors targeting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier.

Inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate transport via the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) has shown beneficial effects in treating metabolic diseases, certain cancers, various forms of neurodegeneration, and hair loss. These benefits arise either from the direct inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism or from the metabolic rewiring when pyruvate entry is inhibited. However, current MPC inhibitors are either nonspecific or possess poor pharmacokinetic properties.

Assessing the Difficulty and Long-Term Retention of Factual and Conceptual Knowledge Through Multiple-Choice Questions: A Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: Multiple choice questions (MCQs) are the mainstay in examinations for medical education, physician licensing, and board certification. Traditionally, MCQs tend to test rote recall of memorized facts. Their utility in assessing higher cognitive functions has been more problematic to determine.

Perceptions of a faculty-trainee group mentorship program, the mentorship families program, in a residency training program: results from a cross-sectional survey.

Background: In residency programs, the availability of faculty mentors for traditional dyadic mentorship relationships may be limited. Few frameworks exist for mentorship programs with a combined faculty and peer mentorship approach. The authors developed the Mentorship Families Program (MFP), a faculty-resident group mentorship program within a psychiatry residency program to meet the need for mentorship for a large cohort of residents.

Development of Behçet's disease on maintenance therapy for autoimmune hepatitis.

Behçet's disease is a clinical diagnosis with variable presentations. Liver involvement is rare in the absence of vascular complications. We describe a patient diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and autoimmune hepatitis on azathioprine who developed extensive aphthous ulcers approximately 10 years later.

Association Between Chronotype and Chronic Neuropathic Pain Sensitivity: A Pilot Prospective, Observational, Single-Center, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Chronotype defines an organism's biological preference for timing of activity and sleep. Being a morning chronotype (i.e.

Use of Intraoperative Doppler Ultrasonography in Predicting Life-Threatening Vascular Complications After Adult Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation.

Aim This study aims to determine if routine use of intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography is preventative of life-threatening vascular complications (VCs) after orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods This single-center, retrospective study reviewed all adult orthotopic liver transplants at Saint Louis University Hospital from 2015 to 2020 (N = 188). The sample population consists of men and women in the age range of 18 to 75.

Men's influence of maternal substance use before, during, and after pregnancy: A qualitative study of men with criminal-legal involvement.

Background: While the adverse effects of substance use during pregnancy are well-established, the impact men with criminal-legal involvement who use substances have on their partner's substance-using behaviors is not well characterized. We aim to understand men's experiences and perspectives about how their substance use impacts romantic partner substance use in the preconception period, before a potential or actual pregnancy.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with men residing in a transition center in the Midwestern US with a substance use disorder (SUD) who partnered with women.

Radiographic Findings of Evolving Sequelae of Cerebellar, Hippocampal, and Basal Nuclei Transient Edema With Restricted Diffusion (CHANTER) Syndrome in a 37-Year-Old Patient.

Cerebellar, Hippocampal, and Basal Nuclei Transient Edema with Restricted Diffusion (CHANTER) syndrome is a recently recognized distinct clinicoradiographic pattern of neurologic injury occurring most commonly following polysubstance or opioid abuse. Patients present acutely with unresponsiveness or coma. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrates key findings, including bilateral diffusion restriction in the cerebellar cortices and hippocampi and variable diffusion restriction in the basal ganglia.

Live Attenuated Vaccine Administration in Children Treated With Methotrexate or Dupilumab.

Background And Objectives: A wholesale recommendation against use of live virus vaccines in patients treated with any medication classified as an immunosuppressant has been based on global theoretical concerns rather than clinical outcomes for specific drugs.

Methods: A retrospective search of electronic medical records identified patients seen by the Allergy and/or Dermatology services between 2017 and 2023 at a pediatric tertiary center who received a live attenuated vaccine during the 6 week interval prior to the first prescription for methotrexate or dupilumab until 6 weeks after the last prescription for either medication. Individual charts of identified patients were manually reviewed for evidence of adverse events.

How specific is the specificity rule in duty to warn or protect jurisprudence following the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's Maas decision?

Of the various rules establishing a mental health clinician's legal duty to take precautions to protect their patient from harming others, the most common is the specificity rule that limits the protective duty to warn reasonably identifiable victims. The specificity rule is important wherein the main or only specified protective measure is warning the victim. In the last quarter century, Pennsylvania adopted the specificity rule from its Supreme Court Emerich decision.

Relationships Between Markers of Iron Status and Hematological Parameters in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease.

Based on the relationship between the intracellular concentration of sickle hemoglobin S (HbS) and the delay that occurs prior to the onset of sickling following deoxygenation, targeting the intracellular HbS concentration is a recognized therapeutic approach for sickle cell disease (SCD). We and others have shown that restricting iron by dietary or pharmacologic means improves hematologic parameters, inflammation, and organ damage in mouse models of SCD. Clinical evidence corroborating these findings is confined to case reports and small case series studies, none of which account for treatment or -thalassemia.

Living Donation and Pregnancy-Related Complications: State of the Evidence and Call To Action for Improved Risk Assessment.

Living kidney donation and living liver donation significantly increases organ supply to make lifesaving transplants possible, offering survival benefits to the recipients and cost savings to society. Of all living donors, 40% are women of childbearing age. However, limited data exist regarding the effect of donation on future pregnancies and of pregnancy-related complications on postdonation outcomes.

Managing Low-Velocity Mandibular Gunshot Wounds: An Institutional Review and the "FLOSS" Severity Scoring System.

Objective: Management of mandibular ballistic trauma is poorly delineated, given the variable injury complexity. This study examines surgical outcomes and presents a novel scoring system to define and guide the management of low-velocity ballistic mandibular fractures.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed from 2015 to 2022 to collect data on patients who suffered ballistic mandibular fractures.

Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease therapy: clinical trials and literature review of novel enzyme inhibitors targeting amyloid precursor protein.

Introduction: Amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accumulation of beta-amyloid protein is believed to be a crucial step in the development of AD. Therefore, understanding the complex biology of APP and its various cleavage products may be useful for developing effective therapeutic strategies for AD.

Impact of Socioeconomic Deprivation on Care Quality and Surgical Outcomes for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in United States Veterans.

: Socioeconomic deprivation has been associated with higher lung cancer risk and mortality in non-Veteran populations. However, the impact of socioeconomic deprivation on outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in an integrated and equal-access healthcare system, such as the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), remains unclear. Hence, we investigated the impact of area-level socioeconomic deprivation on access to care and postoperative outcomes for early-stage NSCLC in United States Veterans.

Role of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Management of Eosinophilic COPD: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: COPD remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Acute exacerbations are associated with progressive decline in lung function and quality of life. After recognition of the role of type 2 inflammation in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic COPD, there was increased interest in studying monoclonal antibodies as a therapeutic agent.