Treatment-Emergent Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events were Infrequent During Clinical Trials of Pegloticase.

Objectives: Long-term maintenance of serum urate (SU) levels <6 mg/dl reduces gout flare frequency. However, urate-lowering therapy (ULT) initiation can induce gout flare. The incidence of thromboembolic (TE) and cardiovascular (CV) events has been shown to increase in the 30 and 120 days following gout flare, respectively; therefore, the question of ULT initiation increasing patient risk for CV/TE events has been raised.

Phase II trial of blood-brain barrier permeable peptide-paclitaxel conjugate ANG1005 in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma.

Background: This study is a phase II clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeable peptide-paclitaxel conjugate ANG1005 in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (HGG) (NCT01967810).

Methods: Seventy-three patients were enrolled in 3 separate arms-recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) (Arm 1), bevacizumab refractory GBM (Arm 2), and grade 3 anaplastic gliomas (AGs) (Arm 3). The study was started in October 2013, and the data were locked on September 29, 2017.

Neoadjuvant clinical trials in adults with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma: A systematic review.

Background: High-grade gliomas are devastating cancers that remain incurable with standard surgical resection and radiochemotherapy. Although beneficial against neoplasms, radiation lowers lymphocyte counts, weakens immune activation, and recruits suppressive myeloid cells impairing immune responses. Tumor environments treated with radiation experience long-term immunosuppression, reducing immunotherapy effectiveness and contributing to recurrence.

Mesenchymal stem cells - the secret agents of cancer immunotherapy: Promises, challenges, and surprising twists.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized for their immunomodulatory capabilities, tumor-homing abilities, and capacity to serve as carriers for therapeutic agents. This review delves into the role of adoptively transferred MSCs in tumor progression, their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and their use in delivering anti-cancer drugs, oncolytic viruses, and genetic material. It also addresses the challenges and limitations associated with MSC therapy, such as variability in MSC preparations and potential tumorigenic effects emphasizing the need for advanced genetic engineering and personalized approaches to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Pre-radiation Nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas.

The limited success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the adjuvant setting for glioblastoma highlights the need to explore administering ICIs prior to immunosuppressive radiation. To address the feasibility and safety of this approach, we conducted a phase I study in patients with newly diagnosed Grade 3 and Grade 4 gliomas. Patients received nivolumab 300 mg every 2 weeks and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 6 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Proton pump inhibitors are detrimental to overall survival of patients with glioblastoma: Results from a nationwide real-world evidence database.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are often prescribed to manage corticosteroid-induced gastrointestinal toxicity during glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, but were recently identified as strong inducers of aldehyde dehydrogenase-1A1 (ALDH1A1). ALDH1A1 is a primary metabolic enzyme impacting the outcome of chemotherapy, including temozolomide. High expression of ALDH1A1 is associated with poor prognosis in multiple cancers, suggesting PPIs may have a negative impact on survival.

Endonasal surgery high-risk carotid injury timeout checklist: implementation, institutional protocol and experience.

Objective: Carotid artery injury is a rare, but major complication of endonasal operations. The morbidity and mortality of such a complication can be mitigated by preparedness and a clear plan set in place to address the hemorrhage expeditiously. This study examines the implementation of such a carotid injury timeout checklist and demonstrates its effectiveness in a patient with possible arterial injury.

Immunogenomics and spatial proteomic mapping highlight distinct neuro-immune architectures in melanoma vs. non-melanoma-derived brain metastasis.

Background: Brain metastases (BrMs) are a devastating complication of solid tumours. A better understanding of BrMs biology is needed to address their challenging clinical management.

Methods: Immunogenomic and digital spatial analyses were applied to interrogate the peripheral blood and tumour specimens derived from 53 unique patients with BrMs originating from different solid tumours.

Induced collagen type-I secretion by hepatocytes of the melanoma liver metastasis is associated with a reduction in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Background: Overall patients with melanoma liver metastasis (MLiM) have a dismal prognosis and poor responses to the standard of care treatment. Understanding the role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) is critical for discovering better strategies to overcome intrinsic therapy resistance in MLiM. The aim was to understand the crosstalk signalling pathways between hepatocytes and metastatic melanoma cells in the TME of MLiM.

A Health Care Clinical Data Platform for Rapid Deployment of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Algorithms for Cancer Care and Oncology Clinical Trials.

The xCures platform aggregates, organizes, structures, and normalizes clinical EMR data across care sites, utilizing advanced technologies for near real-time access. The platform generates data in a format to support clinical care, accelerate research, and promote artificial intelligence/ machine learning algorithm development, highlighted by a clinical decision support algorithm for precision oncology.

A phase 1 dose escalation of pritumumab in patients with refractory or recurrent gliomas or brain metastases.

Background: This phase 1 (NCT04396717) open-label, multicenter study, evaluated Pritumumab, a IgG1 monoclonal antibody, in patients with gliomas and brain metastases. The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and/or tolerability and to identify a recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of Pritumumab.

Methods: Adult patients with recurrent gliomas or brain metastases were enrolled in the dose cohort that was open at the time of their consent.

Ossified spinal epidermoid cyst: A systematic review and case report.

Background: Epidermoid cysts (ECs) are rare, benign lesions which comprise less than 1 % of all spinal tumors. Calcification of spinal ECs is rare, and EC ossification within the lumbar spine has never been documented. We report the only known congenital lumbar epidermoid tumor with ossification and a literature review of intradural lumbar ECs.