Impact and consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on complicated grief and persistent complex bereavement disorder.

Mourning is a coping-with-loss stage that prevents grief from becoming pathologic, i.e., complicated grief (CG) syndrome and persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD), recently included in international classification systems.

Effectiveness of dyadic interventions to improve stroke patient-caregiver dyads' outcomes after discharge: A systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Background: Because of the importance of a dyadic approach, it is necessary to conduct a systematic review to identify which dyadic intervention could be implemented for stroke survivor-caregiver dyads after discharge from the rehabilitation hospital to improve outcomes.

Aims: The aims were to systematically review the evidence to identify which dyadic interventions have been implemented in stroke survivor-caregiver dyads to improve stroke survivor-caregiver dyads' outcomes and to analyse, through a meta-analysis, which intervention was found to be the most effective.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL and PsycInfo.

Adenosine A receptor inhibition reduces synaptic and cognitive hippocampal alterations in Fmr1 KO mice.

In fragile X syndrome (FXS) the lack of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) leads to exacerbated signaling through the metabotropic glutamate receptors 5 (mGlu5Rs). The adenosine A receptors (ARs), modulators of neuronal damage, could play a role in FXS. A synaptic colocalization and a strong permissive interaction between A and mGlu5 receptors in the hippocampus have been previously reported, suggesting that blocking ARs might normalize the mGlu5R-mediated effects of FXS.

Baseline integrase drug resistance mutations and conserved regions across HIV-1 clades in Cameroon: implications for transition to dolutegravir in resource-limited settings.

Background: Transition to dolutegravir-based regimens in resource-limited settings (RLS) requires prior understanding of HIV-1 integrase variants and conserved regions. Therefore, we evaluated integrase drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and conserved regions amongst integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-naive patients harbouring diverse HIV-1 clades in Cameroon.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 918 INSTI-naive patients from Cameroon (89 ART-naive and 829 ART-experienced patients).

Symptomatological Variants and Related Clinical Features in Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder.

A large amount of the current literature has focused on the characteristic symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. In contrast, less attention has been devoted to ADHD clinical subtypes in adult patients. We evaluated 164 consecutive adult ADHD (A-ADHD) outpatients using DSM-5 criteria and many specific rating scales and questionnaires.

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics at the Onset of Drug Resistance in Hematological Malignancies: An Overview.

The combined derangements in mitochondria network, function and dynamics can affect metabolism and ATP production, redox homeostasis and apoptosis triggering, contributing to cancer development in many different complex ways. In hematological malignancies, there is a strong relationship between cellular metabolism, mitochondrial bioenergetics, interconnections with supportive microenvironment and drug resistance. Lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, e.

In-vitro fatigue and fracture performance of three different ferrulized implant connections used in fixed prosthesis.

Background/purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate fatigue resistance of dental fixtures in three different types of fixture/abutment finishing line.

Materials And Methods: Transmucosal dental implants, with or without ferrulized neck, underwent fatigue tests (static and dynamic load) using the following standard protocol: UNI EN ISO 14801:2016. Two types of loading devices (screw- or cement-retained restoration) were also tested, and fatigue cycle tests were run to failure.

Taking care of minor migrants' health: the professionals' perception and training needs.

Introduction: In Italy, minor migrants represent 21.8% of the non-EU citizens. The care of minor migrants might be challenging as this population is characterized by higher vulnerability and special needs.

PlGF Immunological Impact during Pregnancy.

During pregnancy, the mother's immune system has to tolerate the persistence of paternal alloantigens without affecting the anti-infectious immune response. Consequently, several mechanisms aimed at preventing allograft rejection, occur during a pregnancy. In fact, the early stages of pregnancy are characterized by the correct balance between inflammation and immune tolerance, in which proinflammatory cytokines contribute to both the remodeling of tissues and to neo-angiogenesis, thus, favoring the correct embryo implantation.

Cariprazine as a therapeutic option for schizophrenia: a drug evaluation.

: Schizophrenia is a very disabling condition that may result in a significant impairment of individual, professional, and social adjustments. Antipsychotics (APs), the first-line treatment for schizophrenia, in many cases modify the course of the disease, by reducing the institutionalization risk, at the price of severe and invalidating side effects. Cariprazine is one of the latest second-generation APs (SGAs) acting as a partial agonist of type 2 and 3 dopamine receptors, which was recently approved for the treatment of adult schizophrenia.

Targeting the tumor immune microenvironment with "nutraceuticals": From bench to clinical trials.

The occurrence of immune effector cells in the tissue microenvironment during neoplastic progression is critical in determining tumor growth outcomes. On the other hand, tumors may also avoid immune system-mediated elimination by recruiting immunosuppressive leukocytes and soluble factors, which coordinate a tumor microenvironment that counteracts the efficiency of the antitumor immune response. Checkpoint inhibitor therapy results have indicated a way forward via activation of the immune system against cancer.

Human Fibroblasts In Vitro Exposed to 2.45 GHz Continuous and Pulsed Wave Signals: Evaluation of Biological Effects with a Multimethodological Approach.

The increasing exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), especially from wireless communication devices, raises questions about their possible adverse health effects. So far, several in vitro studies evaluating RF-EMF genotoxic and cytotoxic non-thermal effects have reported contradictory results that could be mainly due to inadequate experimental design and lack of well-characterized exposure systems and conditions. Moreover, a topic poorly investigated is related to signal modulation induced by electromagnetic fields.

Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

One of the hallmarks of cellular transformation is the altered mechanism of cell death. There are three main types of cell death, characterized by different morphological and biochemical features, namely apoptosis (type I), autophagic cell death (type II) and necrosis (type III). Autophagy, or self-eating, is a tightly regulated process involved in stress responses, and it is a lysosomal degradation process.

The complex interactions among serotonin, insulin, leptin, and glycolipid metabolic parameters in human obesity.

Objective: To provide evidence to the link between serotonin (5-HT), energy metabolism, and the human obese phenotype, the present study investigated the binding and function of the platelet 5-HT transporter (SERT), in relation to circulating insulin, leptin, and glycolipid metabolic parameters.

Methods: Seventy-four drug-free subjects were recruited on the basis of divergent body mass index (BMIs) (16.5-54.

Evaluation of virological response and resistance profile in HIV-1 infected patients starting a first-line integrase inhibitor-based regimen in clinical settings.

Background: Virological response and resistance profile were evaluated in drug-naïve patients starting their first-line integrase inhibitors (INIs)-based regimen in a clinical setting.

Study Design: Virological success (VS) and virological rebound (VR) after therapy start were assessed by survival analyses. Drug-resistance was evaluated at baseline and at virological failure.

Decision-Making, Impulsiveness and Temperamental Traits in Eating Disorders.

Objective: To explore decision-making, impulsiveness and temperamental traits in patients suffering from eating disorders (EDs), as compared with healthy controls (HC).

Method: Fifty-one patients affected by ED (fourteen with anorexia restricting subtype, AN-R; fourteen with bulimia, BN; thirteen with anorexia bingeing/purging subtype, AN-BP; ten with binge-eating disorder, BED) and twenty-eight HC. The patients, recruited at the Section of Psychiatry of the University of Pisa (Italy, were evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological questionnaires, including the IOWA Gambling Task (IGT), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).

Outcomes after surgical ventricular restoration for ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Objective: The study objective was to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy after surgical ventricular restoration and to identify risk factors related to poor results.

Methods: Between August 2002 and April 2016, 62 patients affected by ischemic cardiomyopathy underwent surgical left ventricular restoration at our unit. Patients' mean age at operation was 63 years (39-79 years).

Stentless Pericarbon Freedom Versus Stented Perimount Aortic Bioprosthesis: Propensity-Matched Long-Term Follow-Up.

Objective: Stentless aortic valves have shown superior hemodynamic performance and faster left ventricular mass regression compared to stented bioprostheses. Yet, controversies exist concerning the durability of stentless valves. This case-matched study compared short- and long-term clinical outcomes of stentless LivaNova-Sorin Pericarbon Freedom™ (SPF) and stented Carpentier-Edwards Perimount (CEP) aortic prostheses.

Epidemic and pandemic viral infections: impact on tuberculosis and the lung: A consensus by the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid), Global Tuberculosis Network (GTN), and members of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections (ESGMYC).

Major epidemics, including some that qualify as pandemics, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), HIV, influenza A (H1N1)pdm/09 and most recently COVID-19, affect the lung. Tuberculosis (TB) remains the top infectious disease killer, but apart from syndemic TB/HIV little is known regarding the interaction of viral epidemics and pandemics with TB. The aim of this consensus-based document is to describe the effects of viral infections resulting in epidemics and pandemics that affect the lung (MERS, SARS, HIV, influenza A (H1N1)pdm/09 and COVID-19) and their interactions with TB.

Verba volant, scripta manent: breastfeeding information and health messages provided to parents in the neonatal discharge summary in the Lazio Region, Italy.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the contents of the neonatal discharge summary (NDS), an important communication tool that should contain evidence-based information.

Methods: A quali-quantitative study of NDSs delivered from 29 hospitals of Lazio (Italy) in 2014 and 2017 was conducted. We used content analysis to assess the written information and logistic regression to estimate the association between outcomes (compliance with the International Code, health messages, and information on neonatal screenings) and some hospital's characteristics.