Development of a Solar-Powered IoT-Based Instrument for Automatic Measurement of Water Clarity.

Water clarity is the most common indicator of water quality. The purpose of the study was to develop an instrument which can automatically measure water clarity in place of manual measurement by Secchi disk. The instrument is suspended by buoys at the water surface and uses solar energy to measure the light intensity of LED bulbs after passing through a water column; the result is then converted to Secchi depth by using a regression function.

An ethical question: are health professionals promoters of the status quo or of social change?

The topic of the above title has vividly interested the author for many years. Regretfully, the issues at stake have not changed for the last 25 years. As proof of this - and on purpose - references dug up and quoted are only those published before 1986.