Thoracoscopic Resection of Pulmonary Lesions in Israel: The Mentorship Approach.

Background: Most congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs) are detected antenatally. The majority of newborns are asymptomatic. Patients are prone to subsequent respiratory complications and to a lesser extent malignant transformation remains concerning.

Blood stream Infections in chronic hemodialysis patients - characteristics and outcomes.

Introduction: Bloodstream Infections (BSI) are a major cause of death and hospitalization among hemodialysis (HD) patients. The rates of BSI among HD patients vary and are influenced by local patient and pathogen characteristics. Modifications in local infection prevention protocols in light of active surveillance of BSI has been shown to improve clinical outcomes.

In-utero evaluation of the fetal umbilical-portal venous system among fetuses with persistent right umbilical vein: Two-and three-dimensional ultrasonographic study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the portal system in fetuses with persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV).

Methods: Prospective observational study of fetuses diagnosed with PRUV. All patients underwent a comprehensive portal system anatomy scan supplemented by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) color doppler modalities.

Urethra-Sparing Prostate Cancer Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: Sexual Function and Radiation Dose to the Penile Bulb, the Crura, and the Internal Pudendal Arteries From a Randomized Phase 2 Trial.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common side effect after prostate cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). We aimed to assess the correlation between the dose to the penile bulb (PB), internal pudendal arteries (IPA), and crura with the development of ED after ultrahypofractionation as part of a phase 2 clinical trial of urethra-sparing prostate SBRT.

Methods And Materials: Among the 170 patients with localized prostate cancer from 9 centers included in the trial, 90 men with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.

A feasibility study of the combination of intranasal insulin with oral semaglutide for cognition in older adults with metabolic syndrome at high dementia risk- Study rationale and design.

Introduction: We present the rationale and design of a double-blind placebo-controlled feasibility trial combining intranasal insulin (INI) with semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, to improve cognition in older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Since both INI and dulaglutide have beneficial effects on the cerebrovascular disease (CVD), we anticipate that improved CVD will underlie the hypothesized cognitive benefits.

Methods: This 12-months trial will include 80 older adults aged > 60 with MetS and MCI, randomized to 4 groups: INI/oral semaglutide, intranasal placebo/oral semaglutide, INI/oral placebo, and intranasal placebo/oral placebo.

Is serum-derived exosomal hTERT transcript a marker of oncogenic activity in primary brain tumors? An exploratory study.

Background: In order to proliferate indefinitely, all tumors require a telomere maintenance mechanism. The expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) enables telomere maintenance and provides cancer cells with limitless replicative potential. As such, it may serve as an attractive biomarker for oncogenic activity.

Neonatal birth weight percentile following the use of sensor-augmented pump therapy in women with pre-gestational diabetes.

Aims: To assess the effect of using sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAP) during pregnancy on neonatal birth weight percentile and other neonatal and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) treated with an insulin pump and sensor that enabled the SAP feature during pregnancy. SAP use was defined as utilization of either low-glucose suspend (LGS) or predictive LGS technology.

Safety and Efficacy of Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor Using Prostaglandin E1 in Primiparas, Multiparas and Grand Multiparas.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of cervical ripening and induction of labor with prostaglandin E1 among primiparas, multiparas and grand multiparas.

Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Results: Between January and December 2017, 1713 women underwent cervical ripening and induction of labor with prostaglandin E1: 523 were primiparas, 656 were multiparas, and 534 were grand multiparas.

Dengue Types 1 and 3 Identified in Travelers Returning from Kathmandu, Nepal, during the October 2022 Outbreak Are Related to Strains Recently Identified in India.

Phylogenetic analysis of dengue serotypes 1 and 3, which were diagnosed in travelers and Nepalese infected in Kathmandu during the October 2022 outbreak, revealed that both serotypes were clustered closest to the sequences sampled in India. This suggests both serotypes may have originated in India.

Assessment of Bioprotect's Biodegradable Balloon System as a Rectal Spacer in Radiotherapy: An Animal Study on Tissue Response and Biocompatibility.

Prostate cancer is a significant health concern for men, emphasizing the need for effective treatment strategies. Dose-escalated external beam radiotherapy shows promise in improving outcomes but presents challenges due to radiation effects on nearby structures, such as the rectum. Innovative techniques, including rectal spacers, have emerged to mitigate these effects.

CD24 in Head and Neck Malignancies-An Uprising Biomarker?

Introduction: CD24 is often overexpressed in human tumors as a regulator of cell migration, invasion and proliferation. It has been associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in laryngeal cancer. In oral cavity tumors, it was correlated with better overall survival.

Assessment of oncological safety and utility of hysteroscopy in high grade endometrial cancers: Results from an Israel gynecologic oncology group study.

Objective: To compare survival measures of women with Stage I high-grade endometrial cancer who underwent either hysteroscopy or a non-hysteroscopic procedure as a diagnostic procedure.

Study Design: 298 patients with stage I high grade endometrial cancer who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: hysteroscopy and non-hysteroscopy (curettage or office endometrial biopsy).

A severe neurocognitive phenotype caused by biallelic CHD3 variants in two siblings.

CHD3 heterozygous variants are associated with Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome (SBCS) which consists of intellectual disability (ID), macrocephaly, and dysmorphic facies. Most reported variants are missense or loss of function clustered within the ATPase/helicase domain of the protein. We report a severe neurocognitive phenotype caused by biallelic CHD3 variants in two siblings, each inherited from a mildly affected parent.

Peripheral magnetic stimulation for chronic peripheral neuropathic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To provide a systematic review of the literature on the effects of peripheral magnetic stimulation (PMS) in the treatment of chronic peripheral neuropathic pain.

Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINHAL, Web of Science, and ProQuest was conducted from inception to July 2023 to identify studies of any design published in English language that enrolled adult patients (≥18 years) that received PMS for treatment of a chronic peripheral neuropathic pain disorder (pain > 3 months).

Results: Twenty-three studies were identified which included 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), five case series, two case reports, and one non-randomized trial.

Artificial intelligence for X-ray scaphoid fracture detection: a systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

Objectives: Scaphoid fractures are usually diagnosed using X-rays, a low-sensitivity modality. Artificial intelligence (AI) using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has been explored for diagnosing scaphoid fractures in X-rays. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the use of AI for detecting scaphoid fractures on X-rays and analyze its accuracy and usefulness.

SHP2 clinical phenotype, cancer, or RASopathies, can be predicted by mutant conformational propensities.

SHP2 phosphatase promotes full activation of the RTK-dependent Ras/MAPK pathway. Its mutations can drive cancer and RASopathies, a group of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Here we ask how same residue mutations in SHP2 can lead to both cancer and NDD phenotypes, and whether we can predict what the outcome will be.

Posterior Tibial Slope in Patients Undergoing Bilateral Versus Unilateral ACL Reconstruction: MRI and Radiographic Analyses.

Background: An increased posterior tibial slope (PTS) is a risk factor for primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and graft failure, but the PTS has not been well-defined in those who have experienced bilateral ACL injuries.

Purpose: The primary aim was to compare the PTS, as well as the rate of an elevated PTS (>12° on lateral radiography; >7° on magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), between patients who have undergone bilateral ACL reconstruction (ACLR) versus unilateral ACLR. A secondary purpose was to examine whether these associations remained consistent on both plain radiography and MRI.

Assessing the Clinical Significance of Third-Trimester Post-Coital Bleeding.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of third-trimester post-coital bleeding (PCB) on pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at two tertiary medical centers, including all pregnant women between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation referred due to vaginal bleeding over an 11-year period. The study population includes all singleton deliveries; within this population, women were further classified into three groups: those admitted due to vaginal bleeding related to PCB, those admitted due to vaginal bleeding not related to PCB, and those who did not report vaginal bleeding.

Genetic Modification of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Peripheral T Cells, and T-Cell Model Cell Lines.

Genetic modification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or circulating T cells has become an important avenue in cancer therapy. Here we describe a comprehensive method for establishing and expanding TIL cultures and genetically modifying them with a gene of interest (GOI) via retroviral transduction or mRNA transfection. The method includes all the important steps starting with TIL extraction from tumors through to the maintenance of the genetically modified TILs.

Rotator Cuff Tendon Dimensional Variability, Novel Patient-Specific Measurement Method-Morphological Measurement for Rotator Cuff Tendon.

Introduction: The shoulder rotator cuff (RC) is crucial to shoulder function and involvement in shoulder pathology. RC tears have been extensively studied, and several classifications have been devised to quantify their magnitude. Various RC measurement techniques were introduced previously, utilizing cadaveric specimens, X-rays, CT scans, and MRI with different results published regarding humeral heads' different plane diameters and the correlation to age, gender, and height.