Trial of labor after 2 previous cesareans: a multicenter study.

Background: Trial of labor after cesarean after 2 cesarean deliveries is linked to a lower success rate of vaginal delivery and higher rates of adverse obstetrical outcomes than trial of labor after cesarean after 1 previous cesarean delivery.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with failed trial of labor after cesarean among women with 2 previous cesarean deliveries.

Study Design: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study, which included all women with singleton pregnancies attempting trial of labor after cesarean after 2 previous cesarean deliveries between 2003 and 2021.

Urodynamic insights: exploring the relationship between detrusor overactivity and pelvic organ prolapse in women with urge incontinence.

Purpose: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and overactive bladder (OAB) commonly affect the aging female population. We aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the two, as reflected by urodynamic studies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on women who underwent urodynamic studies at a university-affiliated tertiary medical center from January 2018 to January 2021.

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes predisposed to higher Nd:YAG capsulotomy rates following cataract surgery: analysis of 53,471 consecutive cases.

Objective: To assess the effect of diabetes type on Nd:YAG capsulotomy rates following cataract surgery.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Methods: All patients who underwent cataract extraction at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bristol Eye Hospital, Bristol, UK, between 2003 and 2017 were included.

Efficacy comparison of combining cross-linking and refractive laser ablation in progressive keratoconus: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study assessed the effect of combining corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) with refractive laser ablation techniques for the treatment of keratoconus, a progressive corneal disorder.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of combined CXL and refractive techniques. We included all published clinical trials or observational studies published by September 1, 2023.

The diagnostic performance of ultrafast MRI to differentiate benign from malignant breast lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic performance of ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging (UF-DCE MRI) in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted until September 1, 2023, in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Clinical studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of UF-DCE MRI in breast lesion stratification were screened and included in the meta-analysis.

Our experience with management of congenital urological pathologies in adulthood: What pediatric urologists should know and adult urologists adopt in pediatric practice experience.

Purpose: To summarize our experience in the management of congenital anomalies in the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in adults.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who underwent primary surgical intervention for CAKUT between 1998 and 2021.

Results: The study included 102 patients with a median age of 25 (interquartile range, 23-36.

Utilizing large language models in breast cancer management: systematic review.

Purpose: Despite advanced technologies in breast cancer management, challenges remain in efficiently interpreting vast clinical data for patient-specific insights. We reviewed the literature on how large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT might offer solutions in this field.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE for relevant studies published before December 22, 2023.

Human Papilloma Virus Typing as a Triage Tool for Women with Postcoital Bleeding: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

To investigate the performance of human papilloma virus (HPV) typing as a triage tool in the management of patients with postcoital bleeding (PCB). All patients referred for colposcopy at a cervical pathology clinic of a nationwide health insurance organization, due to PCB and had a preceding high-risk HPV (hrHPV) test between 2018 and 2020, were retrospectively located. Demographic and pathologic data were collected from electronic medical files.

The association of endometrial closure during cesarean section to the risk of developing uterine scar defect: a randomized control trial.

Purpose: The surgical technique for uterine closure following cesarean section influences the healing of the cesarean scar; however, there is still no consensus on the optimal technique regarding the closure of the endometrium layer. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of closure versus non-closure of the endometrium during cesarean section on the risk to develop uterine scar defect and associated symptoms.

Methods: A randomized prospective study was conducted of women undergoing first elective cesarean section at a single tertiary medical center.

Evaluating persistent T1-weighted lesions without concurrent abnormal enhancement on breast MRI in neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients: implications for complete pathological response.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether persistent T1-weighted lesions signify a complete pathological response (pCR) in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery, and to evaluate their correlation with imaging responses on MRI.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on data from breast cancer patients treated between January 2011 and December 2018. Patients who underwent breast MRI and pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery were included.

Prevention of hypotension after induction of general anesthesia using point-of-care ultrasound to guide fluid management: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Hypotension after induction of general anesthesia (GAIH) is common and is associated with postoperative complications including increased mortality. Collapsibility of the inferior vena cava (IVC) has good performance in predicting GAIH; however, there is limited evidence whether a preoperative fluid bolus in patients with a collapsible IVC can prevent this drop in blood pressure.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre randomized controlled trial with adult patients scheduled to undergo elective noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia (GA).

Uveitic Flare-Ups After Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy (GATT) in Patients with Uveitic Glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the risk of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) inducing an uveitic flare-up in patients with uveitic glaucoma (UG).

Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive UG patients who underwent GATT at a single medical center between June 2020 and September 2022. The main outcome measure was the occurrence of a surgery-related uveitic complication defined as either an uveitic flare-up defined by the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria, or the appearance of cystoid macular edema (CME) from 2 weeks to 3 months after surgery.

HLH Syndrome in a Community Hospital: The Challenge of an Early Diagnosis.

Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially fatal hyperinflammatory cytokine storm. It can be secondary to infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, or the manifestation of genetic disorders, including primary immune deficiency. HLH requires a high index of suspicion and is challenging for community hospitals.

Influence of Early Apical Release on Outcomes in Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate: Results From a Multicenter Series of 4392 Patients.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes after laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP) stratified by whether early apical release (EAR) was performed or not.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent EEP with holmium or thulium fiber laser in 8 centers (January 2020-January 2022).

Exclusion Criteria: previous prostate/urethral surgery, prostate cancer, pelvic radiotherapy, concomitant lower urinary tract surgery.

Identifying patients at risk for depression after radical cystectomy.

Introduction: We aimed to assess rates of depression in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy and identify its predictors.

Methods: Depressive symptoms in 42 consecutive patients were evaluated using the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) on the day prior to surgery, postoperative day (POD) 6, six weeks after surgery, and 12-18 months postoperatively.

Results: Fifteen patients (36%) presented with BDI scores ≥10 before the operation; this rate increased to 64% on POD 6 and 69% at six weeks post-surgery.

The supine moving apprehension test-Reliability and validity among healthy individuals and patients with anterior shoulder instability.

Background: Performance-based tests for patients with anterior shoulder dislocation are lacking. This study determined the reliability and validity of the supine moving apprehension test designed to assess the ability to control anterior instability loads.

Methods: Thirty-six participants were recruited (18 healthy individuals, and 18 patients following anterior shoulder dislocation).

A naturalistic cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder: A description of the early phase of illness in the PSYSCAN cohort.

Background: We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN).

Method: Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study.

Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis treated with emapalumab.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening, hyperinflammatory syndrome. Emapalumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the proinflammatory cytokine interferon gamma, is approved in the United States to treat primary HLH (pHLH) in patients with refractory, recurrent, or progressive disease, or intolerance with conventional HLH treatments. REAL-HLH, a retrospective study, conducted across 33 US hospitals, evaluated real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in patients treated with ≥1 dose of emapalumab between 20 November 2018 and 31 October 2021.

The association between fetal intracranial hemorrhages detected on MRI and neurodevelopment.

Purpose: Fetal intracranial hemorrhage is rarely identified in prenatal imaging. When identified, sparse data regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes worsens prenatal dilemmas. This MRI-based study aimed to assess prenatal characteristics and neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetal intracranial hemorrhage.

The safety of sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors and trends in clinical and hemodynamic parameters in patients with left ventricular assist devices.

Background: The safety and impact of sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are unknown.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients who underwent LVAD Heart Mate 3 (HM3) implantation at a single medical center and received SGLT2-I therapy following surgery was conducted. LVAD parameters, medical therapy, laboratory tests, echocardiography, and right heart catheterization (RHC) study results were recorded and compared before and after initiation of SGLT2-I.

Insulin requirements during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes treated with insulin pump.

Introduction: Insulin requirement in women with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) changes throughout pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the total change in insulin requirements and the effect of gestational weight gain (GWG) and pre-gestational BMI on insulin requirements during pregnancy in women with T1DM treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring.

Methods: This historical cohort study included all consecutive women with T1DM who were monitored during pregnancy at the high-risk pregnancy clinic at a tertiary medical center during April 2011-April 2019.

Examining the Process and Impact of Social Problem Solving in Autistic Children.

Social problem solving (SPS) represents a social cognitive reasoning process that gives way to behavior when individuals are navigating challenging social situations. Autistic individuals have been shown to struggle with specific aspects of SPS, which, in turn, has been related to social difficulties in children. However, no previous work has measured how SPS components not only relate to one another but also discretely and conjointly predict autism-related symptoms and social difficulties in autistic children, specifically.