Postoperative pain after parotid surgery-comparison between superficial/total parotidectomy and extracapsular dissection: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: To evaluate postoperative pain and discomfort after parotid surgery with regard to different surgical approaches.

Methods: This clinical study was carried out at a single tertiary referral center (2021-2022) and included 2 groups of adult patients (mean age 56.6 ± 12.

Radiochemistry and Complex Formation of the Cyclen-Derived Chelator DOTI-Me with Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, In, Tb, and Lu.

In this work, we describe the complex formation and radiochemistry of the cyclen-based chelator DOTI-Me bearing four methylimidazole arms. Radiolabeling properties were evaluated for Mn, Cu, Ga, In, Tb, and Lu, and DOTI-Me showed distinct differences to the structurally related HDOTA. While radiochemical conversions (RCCs) for Mn and In were comparable to those of HDOTA, DOTI-Me was not suited for Ga.

Defining intra-tumoral and systemic immune biomarkers for locally advanced head-and-neck cancer - detailed protocol of a prospective, observatory multicenter trial (ImmunBioKHT) and first results of the immunophenotyping of the patients' peripheral blood.

The approval and effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) highlights the role of the immune system in this tumor entity. HNSCCs not only interacts with the immune system in the tumor tissue, but also induce systemic effects that may be additionally influenced by further factors such as the microbiome. Nonetheless, reliable immunological biomarkers that predict treatment response and outcome in HNSCC patients are lacking.

CD16+ as predictive marker for early relapse in aggressive B-NHL/DLBCL patients.

Assessing the prognosis of patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma mainly relies on a clinical risk score (IPI). Standard first-line therapies are based on a chemo-immunotherapy with rituximab, which mediates CD16-dependent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). We phenotypically and functionally analyzed blood samples from 46 patients focusing on CD16+ NK cells, CD16+ T cells and CD16+ monocytes.

Effects of Vitamin D on tumor cell proliferation and migration, tumor initiation and anti-tumor immune response in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are among the six most common cancers, with a constantly poor prognosis. Vitamin D has been found to have antineoplastic and immunomodulatory properties in various cancers. This study investigated the impact of Vitamin D on the initiation and progression as well as antitumor immune response in HNSCCs, both in vitro and in vivo.

Tumor-Associated Neutrophils Are a Negative Prognostic Factor in Early Luminal Breast Cancers Lacking Immunosuppressive Macrophage Recruitment.

Background: Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are important modulators of the tumor microenvironment with opposing functions that can promote and inhibit tumor progression. The prognostic role of TANs in early luminal breast cancer is unclear.

Methods: A total of 144 patients were treated for early-stage hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer as part of an Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) phase II trial.

The impact of the tumor microenvironment on the survival of penile cancer patients.

PeCa is a rare entity with rising incidence rates due to increased infections with human papillomaviruses (HPV). The distinct subtypes of PeCa with an individual pathogenesis demand biomarkers for a precise patient risk assessment regarding disease progression and therapeutic susceptibility. We recently identified promising candidates associated with an HPV-instructed tumor microenvironment (TME) using HPV-positive PeCa cell lines and tissue microarrays (TMA).

Decoding the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of microbiota using pan-body pan-disease microbiomics.

The human microbiome emerges as a promising reservoir for diagnostic markers and therapeutics. Since host-associated microbiomes at various body sites differ and diseases do not occur in isolation, a comprehensive analysis strategy highlighting the full potential of microbiomes should include diverse specimen types and various diseases. To ensure robust data quality and comparability across specimen types and diseases, we employ standardized protocols to generate sequencing data from 1931 prospectively collected specimens, including from saliva, plaque, skin, throat, eye, and stool, with an average sequencing depth of 5.

Cardio-ocular syndrome: Retinal microvascular changes in acutely decompensated heart failure.

Aims: To investigate the changes in retinal microvasculature by contemporary imaging techniques during episodes of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and following recompensation compared to age-matched controls without known cardiac or retinal disease.

Methods And Results: Adult patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of ADHF, regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and treated with a minimum dose of 40 mg of intravenous furosemide or equivalent were included. Transthoracic echocardiography was conducted in all patients.

The tumor cell killing capacity of head and neck cancer patient-derived neutrophils depends on tumor stage, gender and the antibody isotype.

Neutrophils play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and significantly influence treatment outcomes. Phenotypic and functional properties of neutrophils adapt to the TME with distinct subsets modulating disease progression and therapeutic interventions. Here, we evaluated phenotypic and functional differences of neutrophils derived from HNSCC patients and healthy donors.

Effect of Ritanserin and Duloxetine on the Gene Expression of Primary Aniridia and Healthy Human Limbal Stromal Cells, In Vitro.

Introduction: In congenital aniridia caused by mutations in paired box 6 (PAX6), PAX6 influences the migration and differentiation of limbal epithelial cells (LECs), thereby playing a pivotal role in aniridia-associated keratopathy. The antidepressants ritanserin and duloxetine affect PAX6 expression in LECs. Limbal stromal cells, which support limbal epithelial stem cells, are crucial in the limbal stem cell niche.

Arterial hypertension-clinical trials update 2024.

Arterial hypertension remains the most important modifiable cardiovascular risk factor for morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review summarizes and discusses major clinical trials published in 2023 and early 2024 in hypertension research. These trials include new epidemiological data, studies investigating the impact of blood pressure cuff size on blood pressure measurements, benefits of salt substitutes, and novel antihypertensive treatment options, including pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery in patients with obesity.

CYR61/CCN1: A novel mediator of redox response in corneal stromal cells of keratoconus.

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive, multifactorial and ectatic corneal disorder that characterized by steepening thinning of the cornea. It was previously demonstrated that oxidative stress has a strong link with KC progression. However, the molecular mechanism underlying oxidative stress response in KC remains unclear.

Impact of Intra-Retinal Fluids on Changes in Retinal Ganglion Cell and Nerve Fiber Layers in Neovascular AMD under Anti-VEGF Therapy.

: To investigate the influence of intraretinal fluid (IRF) on change in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) and thickness in patients with naive neovascular AMD under anti-VEGF treatment. : post hoc analysis. : 97 eyes of 83 patients on continuous therapy with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF) and a follow-up of 24 months were included.

The Alteration of Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Pulse Amplitude by Retrobulbar Anaesthesia-A Search for Risk Factors for Serious Complications Due to Retrobulbar Anaesthesia.

Our goal was to assess the impact of retrobulbar anaesthesia on ocular pressure and perfusion development and to find out if there were systemic or biometric parameters of patients affecting them in order to understand the effect of retrobulbar anaesthesia better. : Changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) using a dynamic contour tonometer (DCT) were noted before and after retrobulbar anaesthesia (RBA) in combination with five minutes of oculopression at 40 mmHg in 134 patients. Only results with a quality Q 1-3 were considered for further statistical analysis.

Neonatal Immunology.

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Effect of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses on myopia progression in children: a retrospective analysis in a German real-life clinical setting.

Objectives: This retrospective analysis evaluates the treatment success of "Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments" (DIMS) spectacle lenses in a real-life clinical setting in Germany.

Materials And Methods: Axial length (AL) and objective refraction of 166 eyes treated with DIMS at baseline and 12-month follow-up were analyzed. Annual AL growth rate within the range of physiological growth rate was considered a successful treatment.

Influence of implant strategy on the transition from temporary left ventricular assist device to durable mechanical circulatory support.

Objectives: Bridging from a temporary microaxial left ventricular assist device (tLVAD) to a durable left ventricular assist device (dLVAD) is playing an increasing role in the treatment of terminally ill patients with heart failure. Scant data exist about the best implant strategy. The goal of this study was to analyse differences in the dLVAD implant technique and effects on patient outcomes.

Epidemiology and phenomenology of the Charles Bonnet syndrome in low-vision patients.

Background: The occurrence of visual hallucinations in visually impaired people without mental impairment is known as Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS). To date, the prevalence of CBS has been reported with high variance. The present study aims at evaluating the prevalence of CBS among low-vision patients.