Modulation of early osteoarthritis by tibiofemoral re-alignment in sheep.

Objective: To investigate whether tibiofemoral alignment influences early knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that varus overload exacerbates early degenerative osteochondral changes, and that valgus underload diminishes early OA.

Method: Normal, over- and underload were induced by altering alignment via high tibial osteotomy in adult sheep (n = 8 each).

Long-Term Follow-Up of Pediatric Excimer Laser-Assisted Penetrating Keratoplasty for Congenital Stromal Corneal Dystrophy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight characteristic clinical and microscopic findings and report the long-term follow-up of pediatric excimer laser-assisted penetrating keratoplasty (excimer-PKP) for congenital stromal corneal dystrophy (CSCD).

Methods: A 2-year-old Greek child presented with CSCD at our department. Clinical examination showed bilateral flake-like whitish corneal opacities affecting the entire corneal stroma up to the limbus.

Perspective: The Impact of Fasting and Caloric Restriction on Neurodegenerative Diseases in Humans.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by the progressive functional and structural denaturation of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Despite the wide range of genetic predispositions, the increased emergence of these disorders has been associated with a variety of modifiable risk factors, including lifestyle factors. Diet has been shown to influence cognitive alterations in the elderly population with age-related brain pathologies, and specific dietary interventions might, therefore, confer preservatory protection to neural structures.

The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with variant histology muscle invasive bladder cancer undergoing robotic cystectomy: Data from the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium.

Objective: To assess the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) for patients with variant histology (VH) muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: Retrospective review of 988 patients who underwent RARC (2004-2023) for MIBC. Primary outcomes included the utilization of NAC among this cohort of patients, frequency of downstaging, and discordance between preoperative and final pathology in terms of the presence of VH.

Artificial replication cohort: Leveraging AI-fabricated data for genetic studies.

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present both opportunities and challenges within the scientific community. This study explores the capability of AI to replicate findings from genetic research, focusing on findings from prior work. Using an AI model without exposing any raw data, we created a dataset that closely mirrors the results of our original study, illustrating the ease of fabricating datasets with authenticity.

Non-Neuraxial Chest and Abdominal Wall Regional Anesthesia for Intensive Care Physicians-A Narrative Review.

Multi-modal analgesic strategies, including regional anesthesia techniques, have been shown to contribute to a reduction in the use of opioids and associated side effects in the perioperative setting. Consequently, those so-called multi-modal approaches are recommended and have become the state of the art in perioperative medicine. In the majority of intensive care units (ICUs), however, mono-modal opioid-based analgesic strategies are still the standard of care.

Neutrophils in HNSCC Can Be Associated with Both a Worse or Favorable Prognosis.

The prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating neutrophils in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is poorly understood. It is unclear how the presence of neutrophils affects prognosis due to their polarization into cytotoxic N1 or immunosuppressive N2. Therefore, we determined the number of CD66b+ neutrophil granulocytes separately in the stromal and epithelial compartments in cancer tissues from 397 patients with HNSCC.

Short-term postoperative outcomes of lymphadenectomy for cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases in the modern era of liver surgery: Insights from the StuDoQ|Liver registry.

Introduction: The clinical role of lymphadenectomy (LAD) as part of hepatic resection for malignancies of the liver remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to report on the use cases and postoperative outcomes of liver resection and simultaneous LAD for hepatic malignancies (HM).

Materials And Methods: Clinicopathological data from patients who underwent surgery at 13 German centers from 2017 to 2022 (n = 3456) was extracted from the StuDoQ|Liver registry of the German Society of General and Visceral Surgery.

Acute back pain: Clinical and radiologic diagnosis: WFNS spine committee recommendations.

Objective: To formulate the most current, evidence-based recommendations for the clinical and radiologic diagnosis of acute low back pain lasting <4 weeks.

Methods: A systematic literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar databases was performed from 2012 to 2022 using the search terms "acute back pain AND clinical diagnosis" and "acute back pain AND radiologic diagnosis". Screening criteria resulted in a total of 97 papers analyzed.

[Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT characterization of indeterminate [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT findings in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer: lesion-based analysis.

Background: The state-of-the-art method for imaging men with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer (BCR) is prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with tracers containing short-lived radionuclides, e.g., gallium-68 (Ga; half-life: ∼67.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and early seizures after ischemic stroke: A case-control study.

Background: Early post-stroke seizures (EPSS) are associated with an increased risk of mortality and post-stroke epilepsy. This study aimed to identify potential risk factors for EPSS, focusing on blood parameters, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is a biomarker for inflammation.

Methods: Patients treated for ischemic stroke between 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively identified.

IC3D Classification of Corneal Dystrophies-Edition 3.

Purpose: The International Committee for the Classification of Corneal Dystrophies (IC3D) was created in 2005 to develop a new classification system integrating current information on phenotype, histopathology, and genetic analysis. This update is the third edition of the IC3D nomenclature.

Methods: Peer-reviewed publications from 2014 to 2023 were evaluated.

Altered Corneal Biomechanics According to the Biomechanical E-Staging in Pellucid Marginal Degeneration.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate corneal biomechanics in pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) compared with healthy controls using Corvis ST (Oculus, Germany) by using the new biomechanical E-staging (based on the Corvis Biomechanical Factor, the linearized Corvis Biomechanical Index) together with tomographic parameters.

Methods: Corneal biomechanical and topographic data of 75 eyes of 75 patients with PMD and 75 eyes of 75 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were investigated. Topographic parameters (K1, K2, Kmax, central corneal thickness (CCT), and Belin/Ambrósio Deviation Index (BAD-D) were evaluated in dependence of and correlated with the biomechanically defined E-stages.

Inpatient Rsv-Management 2016-2022: Epidemiology and Adherence to A Bronchiolitis Treatment Standard at a German University Children's Hospital.

Background: This study analyzes the RSV season 2021/2022 in a referral children's hospital, compares the epidemiology and illness severity with RSV-infected inpatients from 2016 to 2020 and audits the adherence to our internal therapy standard for RSV bronchiolitis.

Material And Methods: Inpatients with rtPCR-confirmed RSV infection (Jan. 2016 to Jan.

Oxidative stress in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): How does the animal model resemble human disease?

Despite decades of research, the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is still not completely understood. Based on the evidence from preclinical models, one of the factors proposed as a main driver of disease development is oxidative stress. This study aimed to search for the resemblance between the profiles of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the animal model of MASLD and the group of MASLD patients.

Comparison of three creatinine-based equations to predict adverse outcome in a cardiovascular high-risk cohort: an investigation using the SPRINT research materials.

Background: Novel creatinine-based equations have recently been proposed but their predictive performance for cardiovascular outcomes in participants at high cardiovascular risk in comparison to the established CKD-EPI 2009 equation is unknown.

Method: In 9361 participants from the United States included in the randomized controlled SPRINT trial, we calculated baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the CKD-EPI 2009, CKD-EPI 2021, and EKFC equations and compared their predictive value of cardiovascular events. The statistical metric used is the net reclassification improvement (NRI) presented separately for those with and those without events.