Endosonography in head and neck imaging and surgery.

This CME article explores the evolving role of endosonography in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery. Endosonography offers significant potential to improve imaging inside the upper respiratory tract, particularly with advancements in probe technology and imaging resolution. The article will describe the sonoanatomy of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx and the selection of probes and scanning techniques used for the various anatomical sites.

Influence of adjuvant therapies on organ-specific recurrence of cutaneous melanoma: A multicenter study on 1383 patients of the prospective DeCOG registry ADOReg.

This study investigated whether adjuvant treatments in stage III cutaneous melanoma (CM) influenced patterns of recurrence. Patients with primary (n = 1033) or relapsed CM (n = 350) who received adjuvant therapies with Nivolumab (N), Pembrolizumab (P), or Dabrafenib and Trametinib (D + T) were extracted from the prospective multicenter real-world skin cancer registry ADOReg. Endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), organ-specific DMFS, and overall survival (OS).

Infectious complications following regional anesthesia: a narrative review and contemporary estimates of risk.

Introduction: Infectious complications following regional anesthesia (RA) while rare, can be devastating. The objective of this review was to estimate the risk of infectious complications following central neuraxial blocks (CNB) such as epidural anesthesia (EA), spinal anesthesia (SA) and combined spinal epidural (CSE), and peripheral nerve blocks (PNB).

Materials And Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases to identify reference studies reporting infectious complications in the context of RA subtypes.

Plasma Concentrations of Trimethylamine-N-Oxide, Choline, and Betaine in Patients With Moderate to Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Relation to Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes.

Objectives: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut bacteria-mediated liver metabolite of dietary betaine, choline, and carnitine, which is excreted by glomerular filtration. We studied whether TMAO is excreted by cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: Among 478 patients with CKD stage G2 (n = 104), G3a (n = 163), G3b (n = 123), and G4 (n = 88), we studied the association between fasting plasma concentrations of TMAO, choline, or betaine at baseline and kidney function, prevalent CVD, and future renal outcomes during a mean follow-up of 5.

[Associations between Personality Structure, Psychodynamic Conflicts and Defense Styles in Adolescents with Mental Health Problems].

Objectives: An exploration of the interrelationships between central psychodynamic constructs in adolescents with mental health problems was conducted.

Methods: 230 adolescents (Mage=18.0±1.

fatty liver allele was fixed in Neanderthals and segregates neutrally in humans.

Objective: Fat deposition is modulated by environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Genome-wide association studies identified p.I148M (rs738409) as a common variant that increases risk of developing liver steatosis.

Impact of Pachychoroid and DRIL on the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Oedema with Intravitreal Bevacizumab.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab in eyes with diabetic macular oedema (DME) following a PRN (pro re nata) regimen. Additionally, we investigated the effect of the presence of disorganisation of the retinal inner layers (DRILs) and pachychoroid (PC) at baseline on clinical outcome.

Methods: This retrospective study included 112 naïve eyes with DME that were followed up for 2 years.

Familial context influences media usage in 0- to 4-year old children.

Background: The use of digital media (e.g., smartphones, tablets, etc.

Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of upper and lower limb nerve blocks.

Background: Inconsistent nomenclature and anatomical descriptions of regional anesthetic techniques hinder scientific communication and engender confusion; this in turn has implications for research, education and clinical implementation of regional anesthesia. Having produced standardized nomenclature for abdominal wall, paraspinal and chest wall regional anesthetic techniques, we aimed to similarly do so for upper and lower limb peripheral nerve blocks.

Methods: We performed a three-round Delphi international consensus study to generate standardized names and anatomical descriptions of upper and lower limb regional anesthetic techniques.

The Radiolabeling of [161Tb]-PSMA-617 by a Novel Radiolabeling Method and Preclinical Evaluation by In Vitro/In Vivo Methods.

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common type of cancer in elderly men, with a positive correlation with age. As resistance to treatment has developed, particularly in the progressive stage of the disease and in the presence of microfocal multiple bone metastases, new generation radionuclide therapies have emerged. Recently, [Tb], a radiolanthanide introduced for treating micrometastatic foci, has shown great promise for treating prostate cancer.

Rheuma-VOR study: optimising healthcare of rheumatic diseases by multiprofessional coordinating centres.

Objectives: Early diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis is critical to prevent joint damage and functional incapacities. However, the discrepancy between recommendations of early diagnosis and reality is remarkable. The Rheuma-VOR study aimed to improve the time to diagnosis of patients with early arthritis by coordinating cooperation between primary care physicians, specialists and patients in Germany.

Structured Reporting of Head and Neck Sonography Achieves Substantial Interrater Reliability.

Ultrasound examinations are often criticized for having higher examiner dependency compared to other imaging techniques. Compared to free-text reporting, structured reporting (SR) of head and neck sonography (HNS) achieves superior time efficiency as well as report quality. However, there are no findings concerning the influence of SR on the interrater reliability (IRR) of HNS.

Treatment management for -mutant melanoma patients with tumor recurrence on adjuvant therapy: a multicenter study from the prospective skin cancer registry ADOREG.

Background: Adjuvant therapy with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) or BRAF/MEK-directed targeted therapy (TT) improves recurrence-free survival (RFS) for patients with advanced, V600-mutant (mut) resected melanoma. However, 40% of these patients will develop distant metastases (DM) within 5 years, which require systemic therapy. Little data exist to guide the choice of upfront adjuvant therapy or treatment management upon DM.

Protocol for a multicentre cross-sectional, longitudinal ambulatory clinical trial in rheumatoid arthritis and Parkinson's disease patients analysing the relation between the gut microbiome, fasting and immune status in Germany (ExpoBiome).

Introduction: Chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD) have recently been associated with a decreased diversity in the gut microbiome, emerging as key driver of various diseases. The specific interactions between gut-borne microorganisms and host pathophysiology remain largely unclear. The microbiome can be modulated by interventions comprising nutrition.

Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty is the predominant keratoplasty procedure in Germany since 2016: a report of the DOG-section cornea and its keratoplasty registry.

Background/aims: This retrospective multicentric panel study provides absolute numbers, types of and indications for corneal transplantation in Germany from 2011 to 2021 and sets them into the international context.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to the 104 German ophthalmologic surgery departments and 93 (89%) provided their data.

Results: The number of reported keratoplasties more than doubled from 2011 (n=4474) to 2021 (n=8998).

Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on postdural puncture headache: a consensus report from a multisociety international working group.

Introduction: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) can follow unintentional dural puncture during epidural techniques or intentional dural puncture during neuraxial procedures such as a lumbar puncture or spinal anesthesia. Evidence-based guidance on the prevention, diagnosis or management of this condition is, however, currently lacking. This multisociety guidance aims to fill this void and provide practitioners with comprehensive information and patient-centric recommendations to prevent, diagnose and manage patients with PDPH.

ELOVL2-methylation and renal and cardiovascular event in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Methylation of the Elongation Of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids-Like 2 (ELOVL2) gene promoter may predict premature ageing and cardiovascular risk.

Methods: We studied the cross-sectional associations between blood ELOVL2-methylation and cardiovascular risk factors in 350 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage G2-G4 aged between 22 and 90 years. In a follow-up study for a mean of 3.

Costs of a structured early detection program for advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis: insights on the "plus" of Check-up 35.

Background: The implementation of an early detection program for liver cirrhosis in a general population has been discussed for some time. Recently, the effectiveness of a structured screening procedure, called SEAL (Structured Early detection of Asymptomatic Liver cirrhosis), using liver function tests (AST and ALT) and APRI to early detect advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in participants of the German "Check-up 35" was investigated.

Methods: This study identifies the expected diagnostic costs of SEAL in routine care and their drivers and reports on prevailing CLD etiologies in this check-up population.

Early ocular surface and tear film status in congenital aniridia indicates a supportive treatment window.

Aim: To evaluate changes in the ocular surface and tear film with age and mutational status in congenital aniridia.

Methods: 45 participants with congenital aniridia (89 eyes) in a prospective, cross-sectional study. Whole-exome sequencing identified the causative mutation.

Recommendations for anatomical structures to identify on ultrasound for the performance of intermediate and advanced blocks in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia.

Recent recommendations describe a set of core anatomical structures to identify on ultrasound for the performance of basic blocks in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA). This project aimed to generate consensus recommendations for core structures to identify during the performance of intermediate and advanced blocks. An initial longlist of structures was refined by an international panel of key opinion leaders in UGRA over a three-round Delphi process.

A rare coronary artery anomaly in a 14-year-old boy with sudden cardiac arrest.

Congenital coronary artery anomalies represent a rare cause for cardiac arrest in children and adults; however, most of these anomalies are asymptomatic and incidental findings. We report on a 14-year-old boy who was admitted to our hospital after cardiopulmonary resuscitation at home. Diagnostic workup including histopathology revealed parvovirus B19 in endomyocardial biopsy.

Noise and Critical Sound Levels During Non-Invasive Ventilation of a Preterm Infant in the Incubator.

Background: Preterm birth and the subsequent necessary treatment in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) subjects the preterm infant to non-physiological noise exposure with potentially adverse consequences for short- and long-term development. Adjusters to improve the acoustic environment for the preterm infant need to be defined.

Methods: Sound pressure level measurements during routine procedures in a NICU were performed by ¼" microphones placed inside and outside the incubator.