Endosonography in head and neck imaging and surgery.

This CME article explores the evolving role of endosonography in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery. Endosonography offers significant potential to improve imaging inside the upper respiratory tract, particularly with advancements in probe technology and imaging resolution. The article will describe the sonoanatomy of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx and the selection of probes and scanning techniques used for the various anatomical sites.

Learning tracheal intubation with a hyperangulated videolaryngoscopy blade: sub-analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The number of tracheal intubation attempts required to reach proficiency in videolaryngoscopy with hyperangulated blades is unknown. Understanding this training requirement might guide training for clinicians who perform laryngoscopy. We therefore performed a planned sub-analysis of a randomised controlled trial comparing tracheal intubation success with videolaryngoscopy vs.

Towards sustainability of volatile anaesthetics: capture and beyond.

The first measures to reduce the environmental harm from volatile anaesthetics are implementation of minimal fresh gas flow strategies and avoidance of desflurane. Although anaesthetic waste gas capture systems generally exert high capturing efficiencies, only about half of volatile anaesthetics used in the operating room are accessible for capture. Industry-sponsored reports promise a reduction of the global warming potential by both incineration and recycling of captured volatile anaesthetics.

The analgetic effect of adjuvants in local infiltration analgesia - a systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Local infiltration analgesia is commonly used for postoperative pain control after several surgical procedures including intra- and peri-articular as well as wound infiltration. Even though, various adjuvants injected with the local anesthetic have been studied in pairwise comparison or compared to peripheral nerve blocks, the question which adjuvant or combination of adjuvants is the most effective in prolonging the duration of different types of local infiltration analgesia (LIA) has not been answered conclusively.

Objective: The objective of this network meta-analysis was to determine the analgesic effectiveness and safety of adjuvants in local infiltration analgesia.

Influence of adjuvant therapies on organ-specific recurrence of cutaneous melanoma: A multicenter study on 1383 patients of the prospective DeCOG registry ADOReg.

This study investigated whether adjuvant treatments in stage III cutaneous melanoma (CM) influenced patterns of recurrence. Patients with primary (n = 1033) or relapsed CM (n = 350) who received adjuvant therapies with Nivolumab (N), Pembrolizumab (P), or Dabrafenib and Trametinib (D + T) were extracted from the prospective multicenter real-world skin cancer registry ADOReg. Endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), organ-specific DMFS, and overall survival (OS).

The effect of high-dose selenium on mortality and postoperative organ dysfunction in post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients supported with mechanical circulatory support - A post-hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN CSX trial.

Purpose: Cardiac surgery, post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS), and temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) provoke substantial inflammation. We therefore investigated whether a selenium-based, anti-inflammatory strategy would benefit PCCS patients treated with tMCS in a post-hoc analysis of the sustain CSX trial.

Methods: Post-hoc analysis of patients receiving tMCS for PCCS in the Sustain CSX trial, which investigated the effects of high-dose selenium on postoperative organ dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients.

The effect of a selenium-based anti-inflammatory strategy on postoperative functional recovery in high-risk cardiac surgery patients - A nested sub-study of the sustain CSX trial.

Aim: The cardiac surgery-related ischemia-reperfusion-related oxidative stress triggers the release of cytotoxic reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, contributing to organ failure and ultimately influencing patients' short- and long-term outcomes. Selenium is an essential co-factor for various antioxidant enzymes, thereby contributing to the patients' endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defense mechanisms. Given these selenium's pleiotropic functions, we investigated the effect of a high-dose selenium-based anti-inflammatory perioperative strategy on functional recovery after cardiac surgery.

Infectious complications following regional anesthesia: a narrative review and contemporary estimates of risk.

Introduction: Infectious complications following regional anesthesia (RA) while rare, can be devastating. The objective of this review was to estimate the risk of infectious complications following central neuraxial blocks (CNB) such as epidural anesthesia (EA), spinal anesthesia (SA) and combined spinal epidural (CSE), and peripheral nerve blocks (PNB).

Materials And Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases to identify reference studies reporting infectious complications in the context of RA subtypes.

Clinical Practice Guideline: The Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injuries.

Background: Nerve lesions often heal incompletely, leading to lifelong functional impairment and high costs for the health care system. The updated German clinical practice guideline is intended to promote the early recognition of nerve lesions and the timely initiation of proper treatment for optimal restoration of function.

Methods: The recommendations are based on an assessment of all the evidence revealed by a systematic search of the literature, as well as on the expertise of the multiprofessional guideline group.

Elevated Colon Cancer Rates Linked to Prior Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on Data from German General Practices.

The association between appendicitis and colon cancer is not yet fully understood. Previous studies have shown contradictory results. Currently, no population-based data from Germany are available with regard to the incidence of colon cancer following appendicitis.

Plasma Concentrations of Trimethylamine-N-Oxide, Choline, and Betaine in Patients With Moderate to Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Relation to Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes.

Objectives: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut bacteria-mediated liver metabolite of dietary betaine, choline, and carnitine, which is excreted by glomerular filtration. We studied whether TMAO is excreted by cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: Among 478 patients with CKD stage G2 (n = 104), G3a (n = 163), G3b (n = 123), and G4 (n = 88), we studied the association between fasting plasma concentrations of TMAO, choline, or betaine at baseline and kidney function, prevalent CVD, and future renal outcomes during a mean follow-up of 5.

[Associations between Personality Structure, Psychodynamic Conflicts and Defense Styles in Adolescents with Mental Health Problems].

Objectives: An exploration of the interrelationships between central psychodynamic constructs in adolescents with mental health problems was conducted.

Methods: 230 adolescents (Mage=18.0±1.

Endothelial PTP1B Deletion Promotes VWF Exocytosis and Venous Thromboinflammation.

Background: Endothelial activation promotes the release of procoagulant extracellular vesicles and inflammatory mediators from specialized storage granules. Endothelial membrane exocytosis is controlled by phosphorylation. We hypothesized that the absence of PTP1B (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) in endothelial cells promotes venous thromboinflammation by triggering endothelial membrane fusion and exocytosis.

fatty liver allele was fixed in Neanderthals and segregates neutrally in humans.

Objective: Fat deposition is modulated by environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Genome-wide association studies identified p.I148M (rs738409) as a common variant that increases risk of developing liver steatosis.

Objectively measured activity is not associated with average pain intensity 1 week after surgery: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Measures of physical activity and pain-related patient-reported outcomes are important components of patient recovery after surgery. However, little is known about their association in the early post-operative period. This study aims to increase this knowledge.

Non-Neuraxial Chest and Abdominal Wall Regional Anesthesia for Intensive Care Physicians-A Narrative Review.

Multi-modal analgesic strategies, including regional anesthesia techniques, have been shown to contribute to a reduction in the use of opioids and associated side effects in the perioperative setting. Consequently, those so-called multi-modal approaches are recommended and have become the state of the art in perioperative medicine. In the majority of intensive care units (ICUs), however, mono-modal opioid-based analgesic strategies are still the standard of care.