Herbal nanocosmecuticals: A review on cosmeceutical innovation.

Background: Cosmeceuticals are drugs, cosmetics, or a combination of both. Cosmeceuticals are personal care products that not only beautify but also need to have healing, therapeutic, and disease-fighting characteristics. For decades, phytocompounds have been employed in cosmeceuticals and have shown potential in applications such as moisturizing, sunscreen, antiaging, and hair-based therapy.

Advances in 3D bioprinting of tissues/organs for regenerative medicine and in-vitro models.

Tissue/organ shortage is a major medical challenge due to donor scarcity and patient immune rejections. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict or mimic the human disease condition in animal models during preclinical studies because disease phenotype differs between humans and animals. Three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) is evolving into an unparalleled multidisciplinary technology for engineering three-dimensional (3D) biological tissue with complex architecture and composition.

Antimicrobial Nanomaterials for Food Packaging.

Food packaging plays a key role in offering safe and quality food products to consumers by providing protection and extending shelf life. Food packaging is a multifaceted field based on food science and engineering, microbiology, and chemistry, all of which have contributed significantly to maintaining physicochemical attributes such as color, flavor, moisture content, and texture of foods and their raw materials, in addition to ensuring freedom from oxidation and microbial deterioration. Antimicrobial food packaging systems, in addition to their function as conventional food packaging, are designed to arrest microbial growth on food surfaces, thereby enhancing food stability and quality.

Recent Advancements in Electrospun Nanofibers for Wound Healing: Polymers, Clinical and Regulatory Perspective.

Wound management is an unmet therapeutic challenge and a global healthcare burden. Current treatment strategies provide limited efficiency in wound management, thus undergoing constant evolution in the treatment approaches. As wound healing is a complex physiological process involving precise synchronization of various phases like hemostasis, inflammation and remodelling, which necessitates innovative treatment strategies.

Colorectal cancer management: strategies in drug delivery.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer leading to death worldwide following breast and lung cancer with the incidence rate of 10%. The treatment comprises surgery, radiation, and ablation therapy depending upon the stage of cancer.

Areas Covered: The review focuses on various drug delivery strategies explored to circumvent the major constraints associated with the conventional drug delivery systems-poor bioavailability, intra- and inter individual variability, exposure of normal cells to antineoplastic agents, and presence of efflux pump.

Insights of Lipid Vesicular and Particulate Carrier Mediated Approach for Acne Management.

Acne vulgaris is a universal multifactorial human skin condition of the pilosebaceous units. Although acne majorly prevails in teenagers, it is neither restricted to age group nor gender. Multifarious causative factors like Propionibacterium acnes, dysregulated sebum secretion, and androgens play an integral role in the manifestation of acne.

Gasdermins: Pore-forming Proteins as a Potential Therapeutic Target.

Gasdermins are novel pore forming proteins that comprise Gasdermin A, Gasdermin B, Gasdermin C, Gasdermin D, Gasdermin E and Pejvakin (DFNB59). Recently, pyroptosis has been redefined as "Gasdermin mediated necrosis", as gasdermins are key regulators of apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. The discovery of the gasdermin family has broadened the field of pyroptosis studies.

Emerging targets signaling for inflammation in Parkinson's disease drug discovery.

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients not only show motor features such as bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity but also non-motor features such as anxiety, depression, psychosis, memory loss, attention deficits, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal issues, and pain. Many pharmacological treatments are available for PD patients; however, these treatments are partially or transiently effective since they only decrease the symptoms. As these therapies are unable to restore dopaminergic neurons and stop the development of Parkinson's disease, therefore, the need for an effective therapeutic approach is required.

An update on novel therapeutic intervention in Rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that is slow progressive destruction of the joints and is caused by autoantibodies that target a variety of organs thereby leading to auto-destruction. Patients diagnosed with RA develop deformity of joints and show gradual functional impairment if they do not receive treatment within the desired timeline. The availability of biological treatments and the introduction of treat-to-target regimens have dramatically enhanced the outcome for patients treated with RA conditions.

Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Luminescent Nanoparticles-Evolving Role in Bioimaging, Biosensing, and Drug Delivery.

Upconverting luminescent nanoparticles (UCNPs) are "new generation fluorophores" with an evolving landscape of applications in diverse industries, especially life sciences and healthcare. The anti-Stokes emission accompanied by long luminescence lifetimes, multiple absorptions, emission bands, and good photostability, enables background-free and multiplexed detection in deep tissues for enhanced imaging contrast. Their properties such as high color purity, high resistance to photobleaching, less photodamage to biological samples, attractive physical and chemical stability, and low toxicity are affected by the chemical composition; nanoparticle crystal structure, size, shape and the route; reagents; and procedure used in their synthesis.

A Review of Anti-Aging Nanoformulations: Recent Developments in Excipients for Nanocosmeceuticals and Regulatory Guidelines.

Skin aging is the progressive biological process generally characterized by the appearance of wrinkles, age spots, sagging of skin, and dryness. Since skin is an essential part of physical appearance, this has led to increased concerns about skincare. Anti-aging products help in improving the quality and health of the skin by nourishing it.

Exploring Nose to Brain Nano Delivery for Effective Management of Migraine.

Migraine is a disabling disease characterized by severe throbbing headaches. Patients demand quick relief from this pain. The presence of the blood-brain barrier does not permit the drug to penetrate the brain effectively.

Importance of Exploring N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) as a Future Perspective Target in Depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and complex mental illness. Currently, many antidepressants are available in the market for the treatment of MDD. However, these agents are associated with side effects, which restricts their use.

Complexation of phytochemicals with cyclodextrins and their derivatives- an update.

Bioactive phytochemicals from natural source have gained tremendous interest over several decades due to their wide and diverse therapeutic activities playing key role as functional food supplements, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. Nevertheless, their application as therapeutically active moieties and formulation into novel drug delivery systems are hindered due to major drawbacks such as poor solubility, bioavailability and dissolution rate and instability contributing to reduction in bioactivity. These drawbacks can be effectively overcome by their complexation with different cyclodextrins.

Smart nanocomposite assemblies for multimodal cancer theranostics.

Despite great strides in anticancer research, performance statistics of current treatment modalities remain dismal, highlighting the need for safe, efficacious strategies for tumour mitigation. Non-invasive fusion technology platforms combining photodynamic, photothermal and hyperthermia therapies have emerged as alternate strategies with potential to meet many of the unmet clinical demands in the domain of cancer. These therapies make use of metallic and magnetic nanoparticles with light absorbing properties, which are manipulated to generate either reactive cytotoxic oxygen species or heat for tumour ablation.

Amalgamation of comparative protein modeling with quantitative structure-retention relationship for prediction of the chromatographic behavior of peptides.

Peptide therapeutics plays a prominent role in medical practice. Both peptides and proteins have been used in several disease conditions like diabetes, cancer, bacterial infections etc. The optimization of a peptide library is a time consuming and expensive chore.

Genus Zanthoxylum as Sources of Drugs for Treatment of Tropical Parasitic Diseases.

The tropical parasitic infections account for more than 2 billion infections and cause substantial morbidity and mortality, and account for several million deaths every year. Majorly parasitic infections in humans and animals are caused by protozoa and helminths. Chronic infections in the host can cause retardation, impairment of cognitive skills, development in young children and weaken the immune system.

Development of Antibiofilm Therapeutics Strategies to Overcome Antimicrobial Drug Resistance.

A biofilm is a community of stable microorganisms encapsulated in an extracellular matrix produced by themselves. Many types of microorganisms that are found on living hosts or in the environment can form biofilms. These include pathogenic bacteria that can serve as a reservoir for persistent infections, and are culpable for leading to a broad spectrum of chronic illnesses and emergence of antibiotic resistance making them difficult to be treated.

A Comprehensive Biological and Synthetic Perspective on 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose (2-DG), A Sweet Molecule with Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potentials.

Glucose, the primary substrate for ATP synthesis, is catabolized during glycolysis to generate ATP and precursors for the synthesis of other vital biomolecules. Opportunistic viruses and cancer cells often hijack this metabolic machinery to obtain energy and components needed for their replication and proliferation. One way to halt such energy-dependent processes is by interfering with the glycolytic pathway.

Plants with potential anti-ulcerogenic activity and possible mechanism of actions based on their phyto-constitutional profile.

Gastric ulcer, the most common disorder of the digestive tract is formed due to an imbalance between acid and mucus content of the stomach. However, the currently used western therapeutic regimens have many drawbacks like adverse effects, recurrence of gastric ulcers, are expensive, and also, may have interactions with other drugs. Hence, there is a need for effective alternative therapy.

Use of In silico tools for screening buffers to overcome physical instability of Abatacept.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder. Abatacept (CTLA4-Ig) is used for the treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis. Abatacept is a monoclonal antibody.

Biochanin A Attenuates Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats by Increasing SIRT1 Expression and Reducing Oxidative Stress.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications in type 2 diabetes associated with myocardial structure abnormality and major cause of morbidity in type 2 diabetic patients. Biochanin A is a methylated isoflavone present in flowering tops of Trifolium pratense reported for anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-infective, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic activity. The study was designed to assess the efficacy of Biochanin A in type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Nanoparticles-Attractive Carriers of Antimicrobial Essential Oils.

Microbial pathogens are the most prevalent cause of chronic infections and fatalities around the world. Antimicrobial agents including antibiotics have been frequently utilized in the treatment of infections due to their exceptional outcomes. However, their widespread use has resulted in the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites.

Role of KSP Inhibitors as Anti-cancer Therapeutics: An Update.

Regardless of the growing discovery of anticancer treatments targeting cancer-specific pathways, cytotoxic therapy still maintained its abundant clinical significance because tumours harbor a greater population of actively dividing cells than normal tissues. Conventional anti-mitotic agents or microtubule poisons acting on the major mitotic spindle protein tubulin have been effectively used in clinical settings for cancer chemotherapy over the last three decades. However, the use of these drugs is associated with limited clinical utility due to serious side effects such as debilitating and dose-limiting peripheral neuropathy, myelosuppression, drug resistance, and allergic reactions.