Medical hazards of the tear gas CS. A case of persistent, multisystem, hypersensitivity reaction and review of the literature.

A 30-year-old incarcerated man was sprayed with the "tear gas" ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS). He was hospitalized 8 days later with erythroderma, wheezing, pneumonitis with hypoxemia, hepatitis with jaundice, and hypereosinophilia. During the subsequent months he continued to suffer from generalized dermatitis, recurrent cough and wheezing consistent with reactive airways dysfunction syndrome, and eosinophilia.

Obesity surgery: a model of programmed undernutrition.

Surgical treatment of obesity (bariatric surgery) is the only effective long term solution for many patients. The procedures are designed to produce reduced intake, various degrees of malabsorption of nutrients, or both. Micronutrient deficiencies, especially those involved in erythropoiesis and bone metabolism, are common to nearly all bariatric surgery.

An evaluation of the use of the natural helping network model to enhance the well-being of nursing home residents.

This article describes and evaluates the Buddy Program, which uses a natural helping network model to enhance the well-being of persons in nursing homes. Thirty-six nondemented patients ("buddies") and 33 persons with dementia completed the 6-month study that involved an educational program for the buddies and regular meetings between buddy-dementia patient pairs. Over the 6 months, compared to a matched control group, the dementia patients showed no advantage on any of the seven outcome measures and actually had significantly more depressive symptoms and greater nursing home dissatisfaction.

Macromastia in a newborn with Alagille syndrome.

We present a case of macromastia in a newborn with Alagille syndrome. A review of the literature failed to find any prior reports of this findings in Alagille syndrome patients. We propose that this patient's macromastia may be related to her liver failure and abnormal estrogen metabolism.

Sexually transmitted diseases in sexually abused children: medical and legal implications.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) may be transmitted during sexual assault. In children, the isolation of a sexually transmitted organism may be the first indication that abuse has occurred. Although the presence of a sexually transmissible agent from a child beyond the neonatal period is suggestive of sexual abuse, exceptions do exist.

Daily oral grepafloxacin vs. twice daily oral doxycycline in the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis endocervical infection.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of a 7-day course of treatment with oral grepafloxacin, 400 mg once daily, and oral doxycycline, 100 mg twice daily, in patients with chlamydial cervicitis.

Methods: Women aged 18 years or older attending 17 sexually transmitted disease clinics in the United States who had clinical signs of mucopurulent cervicitis or who had a recent positive culture or nonculture test for Chlamydia trachomatis or who had contact with a male partner with a positive culture for C. trachomatis were enrolled into this randomized, double-blind, active-controlled clinical study.

Heterogeneity in the accessory olfactory system.

The mammalian accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) is chemoarchitecturally heterogeneous in that it stains differentially with a number of markers; the receptor cells that project to the AOB are similarly heterogeneous. What is the significance of this heterogeneity? We have found that the AOB of the gray, short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica, stains differentially with a number of 'markers': antibodies to olfactory marker protein (OMP) and the alpha subunit of the G protein Gi2, the lectin of Vicia villosa and NADPH-diaphorase. These markers stain the rostral AOB more strongly than the caudal AOB whereas, the G protein subunit G(o) alpha is located predominantly in the posterior subdivision of the AOB.

Interracial and intraracial differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms, sociodemography, and treatment among nursing home patients with dementia.

Using an adaptation of George's (1989) social antecedent model of psychopathology, this article examines interracial and intraracial differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms, sociodemography, and treatment among nursing home patients with dementia. The final sample consisted of 164 U.S.

Depression among African American nursing home patients with dementia.

The authors compared 218 black and 68 white nursing home patients with dementia for differences in the prevalence, recognition, and treatment of depression. There were no racial differences in depressive symptoms, but whites were significantly more likely to receive a diagnosis of "possible depression" and there were few racial differences in clinical, social, or demographic factors associated with depression. Depression was often unrecognized and undertreated in both racial groups; several depression instruments developed for use in dementia had good reliability and validity among blacks; and there were no significant differences in depressive symptoms or diagnosis between U.

Clinical aspects of acne.

Acne vulgaris may present in a wide variety of clinical forms depending on the type, number and severity of the predominant lesion. Thus there may be mild, moderate or severe comedonal or inflammatory acne, the latter with many subtypes. Furthermore, the number and extent of the lesions do not necessarily predict the response to therapy, and patients may also be categorized as therapeutically responsive or therapeutically refractory.

Compliance with doxycycline therapy in sexually transmitted diseases clinics.

Objective: To determine rates of compliance with doxycycline therapy for patients attending two inner city sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinics using the MEMS (Medication Event Monitoring System) technology (Aprex Corporation, Fremont, CA).

Design: An observational study.

Setting: Two STD clinics in Brooklyn, New York and Birmingham, Alabama.

Do chronic alcoholics have intact implicit memory? An ERP study.

In order to investigate whether visual object priming differs from visual word priming and whether the visual repetition priming in chronic alcoholic patients is impaired, we performed an ERP study on 27 male control and 67 male alcoholic subjects. Sixty-one electrodes were employed to record ERPs that were elicited by random presentations of object pictures, words, and scrambles for both pictures and words. We also used an implicit task that required subjects to identify whether each stimulus was recognizable.

Gender and racial disparity in peritoneal dialysis patients undergoing kidney transplantation.

Patients on dialysis who are women or minorities are less likely to receive a kidney transplant than are white men. Because the authors' renal program serves an inner city area and the majority of their patients are black, the authors retrospectively analyzed patients who were receiving peritoneal dialysis to see if that bias held true. Eighty-nine consecutive patients were studied.

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy: importance of transabdominal imaging.

Endovaginal sonography has greatly improved the diagnostic evaluation of suspected ectopic pregnancy. Some authors suggest imaging solely by endovaginal technique for diagnosis. We perform both a transabdominal scan for a global view of the pelvic and abdominal contents and an endovaginal sonographic examination for a higher resolution and focused view of the gynecologic structures.

Imaging of fluorescence in highly scattering media.

Two one-speed radiation transport equations coupled by a dynamic equation for the distribution of fluorophore electronic states are used to model the migration of excitation photons and emitted fluorescence photons. The conditions for producing appreciable levels of fluorophore in the excited state are studied, with the conclusion that minimal saturation occurs under the conditions applicable to tissue imaging. This simplifies the derivation of the frequency response and of the imaging operator for a time-harmonic excitation source.

Effects of cardiac autonomic imbalance on postnatal changes in the electrocardiographic Q-T interval in conscious swine.

The effects of partial autonomic denervation of the heart rate and Q--T interval were examined during maturation in swine. Four groups of newborns were prepared: right stellate ganglionectomy (RSG), left stellate ganglionectomy (LSG), right cardiac vagotomy (RCV) and sham-operated. Swine were studied postsurgically for eight weeks.

Unemployment in inner-city renal transplant recipients: predictive and sociodemographic factors.

Studies of dialysis patients report unemployment rates of 60% to 75%; however, it is generally believed that following transplantation, improvement in well-being and removal of time constraints imposed by the dialytic regimen afford improvement in employment status. We studied 58 stable renal transplant recipient attending an outpatient transplant clinic by questionnaire, administered anonymously. Only 25 (43%) of the patients were currently employed.

Severe anterograde amnesia with onset in childhood as a result of anoxic encephalopathy.

Our patient (M.S.) had an abrupt onset of amnesia due to a respiratory arrest at the age of 8 years and has been followed by one of us (A.

Optical imaging of anatomical maps derived from magnetic resonance images using time-independent optical sources.

We present a model suitable for computing images of absorption cross sections of thick tissue structures illuminated at near infrared (NIR) wavelengths from tomographic projection data. Image reconstruction is accomplished by solving a system of linear equations derived from transport theory. Reconstruction results using different algebraic solvers are shown for anatomical maps of the breast, derived from magnetic resonance imaging data, containing two simulated pathologies, in which case qualitatively good reconstructions were obtained.