[Genetic diagnostics of mental health disorders in adulthood].

This review article provides insights into the role of genetic diagnostics in adult mental health disorders. The importance of genetic factors in the development of mental illnesses, from rare genetic syndromes to common complex genetic disorders, is described. Current clinical characteristics that may warrant a genetic diagnostic work-up are highlighted, including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders and severe psychiatric conditions with specific comorbidities, such as organ malformations or epilepsy.

Psychiatric, Neurological, and Somatic Comorbidities in Intermittent Explosive Disorder: a retrospective cohort study of electronic health records.

Importance: Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) is an understudied psychiatric condition that presents with repeated episodes of impulsive aggression and poorly regulated emotional control, often resulting in interpersonal and societal consequences. Better understanding of comorbidities will allow for enhanced screening, diagnosis, and treatment of patients.

Objective: To investigate prevalence and associations of IED with psychiatric, neurological, and somatic disorders using real-world data.

A Systematic Review of the Etiology and Neurobiology of Intermittent Explosive Disorder.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) is characterized by repeated inability to control aggressive impulses. Although the etiology and neurobiology of impulsive anger and impulse control disorders have been reviewed, no systematic review on these aspects has been published for IED specifically. We conducted a systematic search in seven electronic databases for publications about IED, screened by two authors, and retained twenty-four studies for the review.

Peritoneal dialysis in children, what's different: Your questions answered.

Maintenance peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the most used kidney replacement therapy for children with kidney failure throughout the world. Underlying causes of kidney failure, indications for dialysis, body size, and nutritional requirements differ between children and adults on PD. These differences, along with the ongoing growth and development that occurs throughout childhood, impact PD access, prescription, and monitoring in children.

Caloric Restriction Diet Attenuates Systemic Bone Fragility after Radiotherapy.

Bone fragility is a well-documented long-term side effect of radiotherapy, which currently has no preventative treatments. In this study, we applied a caloric restriction (CR) diet to attenuate both local and systemic bone loss after irradiation (RTx) in an established female Balb/c mouse model (4 consecutive daily doses of 5 Gy to the right hindlimb only). CR mice were tapered down to a 30% reduced calorie diet (RTx/CR) one week before irradiation, while regular diet (RD) mice received food ad libitum (RTx/RD).

SUMOylation of protein phosphatase 5 regulates phosphatase activity and substrate release.

The serine/threonine protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) regulates hormone and stress-induced signaling networks. Unlike other phosphoprotein phosphatases, PP5 contains both regulatory and catalytic domains and is further regulated through post-translational modifications (PTMs). Here we identify that SUMOylation of K430 in the catalytic domain of PP5 regulates phosphatase activity.

Psychosocial outcomes with the Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in caregivers of very young children with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have demonstrated improved glycaemic outcomes in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet limited data exist on these systems in very young children and their impact on caregivers. We evaluated psychosocial outcomes following use of the tubeless Omnipod® 5 AID System in caregivers of very young children.

Materials And Methods: This 3-month single-arm, multicentre, pivotal clinical trial enrolled 80 children aged 2.

ATP synthase of E. coli: F-ATPase activity is functionally decoupled from the proton-transporting complex (F) by tributyltin.

The F-type ATP synthase/ATPase (FF) is important for cellular bioenergetics in eukaryotes and bacteria. We recently showed that venturicidins, a class of macrolides that inhibit the proton transporting complex (F), can also induce time-dependent functional decoupling of F-ATPase from F on membranes from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This dysregulated ATPase activity could deplete bacterial ATP levels and contribute to venturicidin's capacity to enhance the bactericidal action of aminoglycosides antibiotics.

Multiple sclerosis treatment underutilization predicts high risk for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) than in the general population, which suggests MS may predispose patients to OSA. However, the relationships between MS treatment, disease activity, disease severity, fatigue, and OSA are unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate the connections between OSA risk, MS fatigue, and MS severity, controlling for well-established risk factors for OSA in the general population.

Successful Treatment of Plasma Cell-Rich Acute Rejection Using Bortezomib: A Case Report.

Plasma cell-rich acute rejection (PCAR), a relatively rare subtype of acute allograft rejection, is usually associated with a significantly lower treatment response rate and a higher graft failure rate. PCAR is characterized by the presence of more than 10% of plasma cells out of all graft infiltrating cells, with approximately 40%-60% of PCAR resulting in graft failure within a year. Currently, there is no gold standard for the effective treatment of PCAR.

Use of UV mutational signatures to distinguish between cutaneous and pulmonary primary squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of presumed lung origin (PLO) is now the second most frequent histologic subtype of non-small cell carcinoma after adenocarcinoma. The use of clinic-genomic correlation provided by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) can revise clinicopathologic diagnoses of presumed primary lung SCC (PLO-SCC) to diagnoses of metastatic SCC of cutaneous origin (C-SCC).

Design: A total of 10 146 samples of clinically advanced PLO-SCC (84% known Stage IV) passed QC metrics and were designated as PLO-SCCs by review of test requisition forms, clinical notes, and pathology reports.

Role of Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal cell Carcinoma in the Era of immunotherapy: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Background: The effectiveness of the clinical outcome of CN (Cytoreductive Nephrectomy) in cases of mccRCC (Metastatic Clear Cell Renal cell Carcinoma) is still uncertain despite two trials, SURTIME and CARMENA. These trials, conducted with Sunitinib as the standard treatment, did not provide evidence supporting the use of CN.

Methods: We queried the NCDB for stage IV mccRCC patients between the years of 2004 to 2020, who received (immunotherapy) IO with or without nephrectomy.

Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Cancer Treatment for Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Aging is a multifaceted process that may lead to an increased risk of developing cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in clinical cancer research may optimize cancer treatments, improve patient care, and minimize risks, prompting AI to receive high levels of attention in clinical medicine. This systematic review aims to synthesize current articles about the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in cancer treatments for older adults.

Effects of Antipsychotics on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in a Phencyclidine Animal Model of Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia (SCH) is a mental disorder that requires long-term antipsychotic treatment. SCH patients are thought to have an increased sensitivity to stress. The dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, observed in SCH, could include altered levels of glucocorticoids, glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), and associated proteins.

Updates on Therapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma is a heterogeneous condition characterized by the proliferation of monoclonal B-cells, for which there is currently no curative treatment available. Relapses are, unfortunately, common after first-line treatment. While the prognosis for relapsed refractory multiple myeloma is generally poor, advances in the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma offer hope.

Pyxis Proximity Improves Narcotic Waste Compliance Among Anesthesia Personnel.

Introduction Controlled substance waste processes in perioperative areas can be cumbersome. Streamlining this process is a critical component of improving operating room efficiency. At our institution, unused controlled substances require a two-person waste prior to disposal.

Serotonergic Drugs for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Past Development, Pitfalls and Failures, and a Look to the Future.

Serotonin has been implicated in the neurobiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) due to its association with impulsivity, attention, and emotional regulation. Many compounds with serotonergic properties have been evaluated in ADHD, but few have been approved by regulatory authorities. Utilizing a search of public databases, we identified interventions studied in ADHD.

Adipocyte maturation impacts daunorubicin disposition and metabolism.

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood leukaemia with effective chemotherapeutic treatment. However, obesity has been associated with higher ALL chemoresistance rates and lower event-free survival rates. The molecular mechanism of how obesity promotes chemotherapy resistance is not well delineated.