Carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: A Case Report with Review of the Literature.

Background: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is an infrequent yet severe mucocutaneous reaction that involves less than 10% of the Body Surface Area (BSA). It is predominantly induced by certain medications, including anticonvulsants (e.g.

Frailty as a Predictor of COVID-19 Mortality in the South Indian Population: An Observational Study.

Background Frailty is a clinical syndrome characterized by diminished strength, endurance, and physiological function that significantly increases vulnerability to adverse health outcomes, including infections. In the context of COVID-19, frailty has emerged as a critical risk factor for severe disease, complications, and mortality, particularly in older adults. The severity and fatality rates among the geriatric group were notably high, as the virus's pathogenesis, marked by prolonged inflammation, contributed to increased morbidity and mortality in this age group.

Performance of Current Diagnostic Tools in Detecting Latent Tuberculosis Among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review.

Testing for latent tuberculosis infection is essential for diagnosing infections in asymptomatic individuals. Preventing the transition of latent to active tuberculosis is imperative, especially in high-risk populations such as healthcare workers. Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) and the Mantoux/tuberculin skin test (TST) are two examples of diagnostic instruments utilized for detection.

MiR-142-5p mediated Nrf2 dysregulation in gestational diabetes mellitus and its impact on placental angiogenesis.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) presents significant risks during pregnancy, including adverse perinatal outcomes and placental dysfunction. Impaired angiogenesis, involving crucial factors like Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), contributes to these complications. The Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, crucial for vascular redox homeostasis, has been linked to GDM-associated angiogenesis dysregulation.

An Uncommon Clinical Mystery: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Masquerading as Aseptic Meningitis in a Male Patient.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an intricate autoimmune disease characterized by its impact on various organ systems, presenting with a wide range of clinical manifestations such as hematologic, neuropsychiatric, mucocutaneous, serosal, musculoskeletal, immunologic, cardiac, pleuropulmonary, and renal symptoms. Although its etiology is primarily autoimmune, various triggers, such as pregnancy, certain drugs, and infections, can result in "flares" with frequent relapses. Although more common in females, SLE is not uncommon in males, with a significant proportion experiencing a high disease burden.

Assessing the Utility of the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) in Evaluating Metabolic Risk Among Individuals Undergoing Master Health Checkups in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background The metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a neoteric score for assessing insulin resistance that has been used as a non-insulin-based, objectively measured method. It is an easily accessible tool that can be used on a large scale to detect insulin resistance in a community. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study to explore the utility of this score in identifying metabolic risk in those individuals attending a master health checkup in a tertiary care setting.

Perception of the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Practices Among Healthcare Professionals in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform healthcare practices, but the successful adoption of AI depends on the perception and acceptance of healthcare professionals. This study aimed to assess the understanding of AI concepts, recognize the attitude toward AI integration, and identify the barriers to AI adoption among healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and paramedics, in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chengalpattu district, India.

Pioneering diabetes screening tool: machine learning driven optical vascular signal analysis.

The escalating prevalence of diabetes mellitus underscores the critical need for non-invasive screening tools capable of early disease detection. Present diagnostic techniques depend on invasive procedures, which highlights the need for advancement of non-invasive alternatives for initial disease detection. Machine learning in integration with the optical sensing technology can effectively analyze the signal patterns associated with diabetes.

Eating habit, body image, and gender - is there any association? - A comparative study among medical students from southern India.

Background: An increase in overweight and obesity among young adults are major health concerns which can influence their self-perception about body image. Body image has received a great deal of attention among young people. Body dissatisfaction is an extremely powerful construct that pervades our self-esteem, resulting in psychological impact and disordered eating.

Evaluating Prostate Cancer: The Diagnostic Impact of MRI and Its Relationship With Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)-Guided Biopsy.

Background Prostate disorders, including benign enlargement and malignancy, are commonly evaluated through imaging techniques. Historically, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) has been used for prostate imaging and biopsy. However, multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), which integrates structural and functional imaging methods, offers enhanced diagnostic capabilities.

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Mimicking a Complex Renal Cyst: A Report of a Rare Case.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN) is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory condition that affects the kidney and can often be hard to diagnose preoperatively due to its varying clinical presentations. We present here a rare case of a 36-year-old man with focal XGPN with preoperative CT imaging showing a large heterogenous lesion (computer tomography Hounsfield unit (CT HU) + 20) of size ~ 8.6 x 8.

Trotter Procedure with Harmonic Scalpel : A Unique Approach to Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Tongue Base Revisited.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a malignant locally invasive tumour of salivary glands, presumed to arise from reserve cells of salivary gland ducts. It accounts approximately 35% of all malignancies of major and minor salivary glands [1]. MEC arising in minor salivary glands can be located in different areas such as palate, retromolar trigone, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, lips and tongue.

Assessing Binaural Auditory Processing in Native Tamil Speaking Children.

The objective of this study is to develop and validate the Binaural Fusion Test (BFT) in the Tamil language for children with learning disability. As many children with learning disability exhibit an auditory processing deficit there is a need for language specific assessment tool for these children. The BFT in Tamil comprises 100 words organized into four lists, with each list containing 25 words.

Benign Giant Phyllodes Tumours Presenting as Fungating Breast Masses.

Breast masses presenting as fungating growths usually represent advanced malignancy. One remarkable exception is a benign phyllodes tumour. These tumours of stromal origin often exhibit rapid growth, resulting in pressure necrosis at the summit of the tumor causing fungation.