Prevalence and determinants of self medication use among the adult population residing in a sub urban areas near Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Background: Self-medication in urban population seems to increase but the available information is scarce. It is essential to generate evidence regarding the burden and determinants to plan for a public health intervention to address this problem. Our study is an attempt to ascertain the research may show the prevalence and determinants of self-medication among adults population of urban Tamil Nadu.

A Minireview of the Promising Drugs and Vaccines in Pipeline for the Treatment of COVID-19 and Current Update on Clinical Trials.

The COVID-19 is affecting thousands of peoples day by day and continues to spread across the world. The present review has focused on promising repurposing drugs, including remdesivir, lopinvar/retinovar, favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, monoclonal antibodies and vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Besides, our review has also focused on many organizations that are in the race to develop vaccines using various approaches including DNA, RNA, viral vectors and subunit proteins against this highly contagious respiratory disease.

Heterotopic Ossification after Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy is Not an Exception!!!!

Introduction: Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a common procedure. Injury is the predisposing risk factor for developing heterotopic ossification(HO). We like to report a case of HO of the knee following arthroscopic ACL reconstruction.

Extent of awareness and attitudes on plagiarism among post-graduate resident doctors and junior medical faculty in India: a cross-sectional, multicentric study.

Objectives: Though dissertation is mandatory for postgraduates (PG), it is unknown if adequate knowledge on plagiarism exists at that level. Thus, we intended to study the knowledge and attitude towards plagiarism among junior doctors in India.

Design: Cross-sectional study SETTING: PG medical residents and Junior faculty from various teaching institutions across south India.

Comparison of morphine, dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block for postoperative analgesia-a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: An ideal adjuvant to local anesthetic in a nerve block should prolong the duration of analgesia, and hasten the onset of sensory and motor blockade without significant adverse effects. The aim of this study was to compare morphine, dexmedetomidine, and dexamethasone as an additive to ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block (SBPB) for postoperative analgesia.

Material And Methods: In this randomized, double-blinded study, 150 patients undergoing upper extremity surgery were randomly divided into three groups: group A (morphine 5 mg), group B (dexmedetomidine 50 μg), and group C (dexamethasone 8 mg).

Comparative analysis of leucocyte poor vs leucocyte rich platelet-rich plasma in the management of lateral epicondylitis: Systematic review & meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Study Design: Systematic Review & Meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aim to comparatively analyse the efficacy and safety of using leucocyte-poor platelet rich plasma (LP-PRP) against leucocyte-rich platelet rich plasma (LR-PRP) in the management of lateral epicondylitis.

Materials And Methods: We conducted independent and duplicate electronic database searches including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library till September 2020 for randomised controlled trials analyzing the efficacy and safety of LP-PRP and LR-PRP in the management of lateral epicondylitis.

A Rare Case of Fractured Posterior Facet of the Talus in Association With Open Medial Subtalar Dislocation.

Subtalar or peritalar dislocation is the loss of contact between the articular surface of the talus distally and the calcaneum and navicular. In this paper, a case of open medial type of subtalar dislocation associated with fractured posterior facet of the talus in a 27-year-old man with a history of road traffic accident was reported. Immediate wound irrigation and open reduction under general anesthesia at the emergency room operation theater was successful followed by cast immobilization.

A Randomized Observer-Blinded Controlled Trial to Compare Pre-Emptive with Postoperative Ultrasound-Guided Mandibular Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Mandibular Fracture Surgeries.

Background And Aims: Ultrasound-guided (UG) mandibular nerve block is effective for providing postoperative analgesia in mandibular fracture surgeries. The pre-emptive nerve blockade prolongs the duration of postoperative analgesia and reduces the consumption of intraoperative opioids. The aim of this prospective, randomized, single-blinded study was to compare the efficacy of pre-emptive and postoperative UG mandibular nerve block for postoperative analgesia in mandibular fracture surgeries.

Assessment of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Senescence and Endothelial Dysfunction among Adults with High Cardiovascular Risk.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Biological aging has been associated with the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes; however, the underlying mechanism of this process remains unknown.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate if peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) senescence and endothelial biomarkers could influence cardiovascular (CV) risk and be suitable markers for the early detection of cardiovascular diseases in adults.

Isolated Frontal Sinusitis and Anosmia: A Novel Presentation.

Isolated frontal sinus disease is a rare and highly morbid condition. Although chronic frontal sinusitis has been described in literature, clinically it is quite uncommon in the absence of paranasal sinusitis and rhinitis. Here we examine a case of isolated chronic frontal sinusitis presenting with anosmia-a curious clinical manifestation.

Rare Case Report of Closed Traumatic Dislocation of Second to Fifth Metatarsophalangeal Joints.

Closed traumatic dislocation of multiple metatarsophalangeal joints is a rare injury. Until now only one case of simultaneous dislocation of all five metatarsophalangeal joints has been reported in peer-reviewed studies. The complex anatomy of the metatarsophalangeal joints prevents the relocation of the joints in a closed manner in maximum cases.

Clinical Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Potential of MenoAct851 in Adult, Female Healthy Volunteers.

Background: MenoAct851 (Varanasi BioResearch Pvt. Ltd., Varanasi, India) is a patented polyherbal formulation developed to manage menopause symptoms that can be taken along with other allopathic medicines.

Effect of an e-learning tool on knowledge of recent Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme guidelines among Medical Interns.

Background: Medical students should have adequate knowledge on tuberculosis (TB) and national guidelines pertaining to its control, which is a major public health problem in developing countries. The present study aims to evaluate the knowledge on TB and Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) among medical interns and the change in the level of knowledge following the dissemination of self-directed learning (SDL) modules using an e-learning tool (WhatsApp).

Materials And Methods: A prospective, nonrandomized, pre- and posttest study was done among 124 medical interns in a private medical college during July-August 2019.

The Role and Therapeutic Potential of NF-kappa-B Pathway in Severe COVID-19 Patients.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected health care systems worldwide. Severe presentations of COVID-19 such as severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been associated with the post-viral activation and release of cytokine/chemokines which leads to a "cytokine storm" causing inflammatory response and destruction, mainly affecting the lungs. COVID-19 activation of transcription factor, NF-kappa B (NF-κB) in various cells such as macrophages of lung, liver, kidney, central nervous system, gastrointestinal system and cardiovascular system leads to production of IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, LT-α, LT-β, GM-CSF, and various chemokines.

Giant left ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysm presenting as anterior mediastinal mass: diagnosis by MDCT.

We report a case of giant left ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysm diagnosed by multidetector computed tomography cardiac angiography. This report highlights the importance of preoperative computed tomography in the evaluation of left ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysm which can be kept as a differential diagnosis for anterior mediastinal masses.

Status of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Southern India During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Multicentric Study.

There has been a reduction in the reported cases of acute myocardial infarction (MI) across the globe during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2). An attempt was made to find out the number of acute MI cases treated during the COVID-19 lockdown period (April 2020) and highlight the possible reasons for the changes in the occurrence. A multicentric retrospective observational study was performed to collect the selected data from 12 private hospitals distributed in 4 cities-Madurai, Trichy (Thiruchirapalli), Erode, and Salem-of the Tamil Nadu state in southern India.

Not Touching the Face is Harder Than It Sounds: Need for an Intervention.

Unlabelled: In the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, preventive medicine has taken center stage, as there is no vaccine or specific antiviral drug regime used to treat patients. Public health authorities and governments are recommending the practice of social distancing and hand hygiene. Hands are a common vector for the transmission of infection, and frequent face touching is extremely common among the public.

Antifungal susceptibility and virulence profile of candida isolates from abnormal vaginal discharge of women from southern India.

Objective: Vaginal candidiasis is the most common opportunistic fungal infection, largely associated with a woman's psychological and economic status. Recently, the rate of disease progression has increased extensively; however, region-specific studies are very limited. This study aimed to understand variation in hydrolytic activities and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates from vaginal discharge.

New insight of red seaweed derived Callophycin A as an alternative strategy to treat drug resistance vaginal candidiasis.

Marine natural products are recognised as one among the major contributors of several important biological functions. The arguments has made to utilization of natural products against different kinds of infectious diseases. In the present study, Callophycin A was successfully prepared and its anti-candidal activity was evaluated through in-vitro and in-vivo methods.