Understanding, being, and doing of bioethics; a state-level cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitude, and practice among healthcare professionals.

Background: The field of bioethics examines the moral and ethical dilemmas that arise in the biological sciences, healthcare, and medical practices. There has been a rise in medical negligence cases, complaints against healthcare workers, and public dissatisfaction with healthcare professionals, according to reports from the Indian Medical Council and other healthcare associations. We intend to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of bioethics among the registered healthcare professionals (HCPs) of Maharashtra, India.

Readiness, acceptability, and feasibility of differentiated TB care for COVID-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients diagnosed in a district in South India: Mixed methods study.

Background: Differentiated tuberculosis care (DTC) approach is the need of the hour to mitigate those risks and provide better treatment outcomes to reduce both mortality and morbidity. Before implementing such an approach, there should be adequate literature on healthcare facility assessment along with qualitative exploration on readiness and acceptability among various stakeholders that are currently needed to fill the gaps in National Tuberculosis Elimination Program.

Objectives: Our study objectives were to assess the availability of equipment, treatment, and investigations for managing patients under the DTC approach, to explore the readiness, acceptability, and feasibility of the DTC approach among healthcare providers involved in TB care provision, and to determine the knowledge regarding DTC approach among healthcare providers delivering TB care for COVID-positive pulmonary TB patients.

Effects of Passive or Active Recovery Regimes Applied During Long-Term Interval Training on Physical Fitness in Healthy Trained and Untrained Individuals: A Systematic Review.

Background: Intermittent exercise programs characterized through intensive exercise bouts alternated with passive or active recovery (i.e., interval training), have been proven to enhance measures of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Advanced Targeted Drug Delivery of Bioactive Agents Fortified with Graft Chitosan in Management of Cancer: A Review.

Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation and spread of abnormal cells in the body, resulting in the development of tumors or clusters of irregular cells. The factors contributing to cancer are intricate, involving a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle elements. Risk factors for cancer include the use of nicotine, excessive alcohol consumption, exposure to radiation or specific chemicals, and a family history of the disease.

The Role of Ocimene in Decreasing α-Synuclein Aggregation using Rotenone-induced Rat Model.

Background: Parkinson's disease is defined by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of substantia nigra associated with Lewy bodies. The precise mechanism is not yet entirely understood.

Objective: The study aims to determine whether ocimene has antiparkinsonian activity by reducing α-Synuclein aggregation levels in the brains of rotenone-induced rat models.

Understanding the Perspectives of Paediatric Physicians on Physiotherapy in Paediatric Rehabilitation in Chennai, India: A Qualitative Approach.

Objectives: Children with disabilities may exhibit a multitude of symptoms, and treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach for a satisfactory outcome. Lack of awareness among physicians, lack of referral, and lack of inter-sectoral coordination have hindered paediatric practice in Tamil Nadu, a state in India with a striking childhood disability rate that warrants a timely interdisciplinary approach. However, the perspectives of paediatricians on paediatric physiotherapy are unknown.

Self-attention-based generative adversarial network optimized with color harmony algorithm for brain tumor classification.

This paper proposes a novel approach, BTC-SAGAN-CHA-MRI, for the classification of brain tumors using a SAGAN optimized with a Color Harmony Algorithm. Brain cancer, with its high fatality rate worldwide, especially in the case of brain tumors, necessitates more accurate and efficient classification methods. While existing deep learning approaches for brain tumor classification have been suggested, they often lack precision and require substantial computational time.

A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Compounds from Plants for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) comprise a large number of disorders that affect the structure and functions of the nervous system. The major cause of various neurodegenerative diseases includes protein aggregation, oxidative stress and inflammation. Over the last decade, there has been a gradual inclination of neurological research in order to find drugs that can prevent, slow down, or treat these diseases.

Overcoming the Challenge of Accurate Segmentation of Lung Nodules: A Multi-crop CNN Approach.

Lung nodules are generated based on the growth of small and round- or oval-shaped cells in the lung, which are either cancerous or non-cancerous. Accurate segmentation of these nodules is crucial for early detection and diagnosis of lung cancer. However, lung nodules can have various shapes, sizes, and densities, making their accurate segmentation a difficult task.

Horse Herd Optimization with Gate Recurrent Unit for an Automatic Classification of Different Facial Skin Disease.

The human body's largest organ is the skin which covers the entire body. The facial skin is one area of the body that needs careful handling. It can cause several facial skin diseases like acne, eczema, moles, melanoma, rosacea, and many other fungal infections.

A 3D Sparse Autoencoder for Fully Automated Quality Control of Affine Registrations in Big Data Brain MRI Studies.

This paper presents a fully automated pipeline using a sparse convolutional autoencoder for quality control (QC) of affine registrations in large-scale T1-weighted (T1w) and T2-weighted (T2w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Here, a customized 3D convolutional encoder-decoder (autoencoder) framework is proposed and the network is trained in a fully unsupervised manner. For cross-validating the proposed model, we used 1000 correctly aligned MRI images of the human connectome project young adult (HCP-YA) dataset.

Single Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Human Tooth Type Identity and Guides hiPSC Derived Odontoblast Differentiation (iOB).

Over 90% of the U.S. adult population suffers from tooth structure loss due to caries.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy by aptamers: an overview.

Efforts in cancer immunotherapy aim to counteract evasion mechanisms and stimulate the immune system to recognise and attack cancer cells effectively. Combination therapies that target multiple aspects of immune evasion are being investigated to enhance the overall efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 1), CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4), LAG-3 (Lymphocyte-Activation Gene 3), and TIM-3 (T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain-Containing Protein3) are all immune checkpoint receptors that play crucial roles in regulating the immune response and maintaining self-tolerance often exploited by cancer cells to evade immune surveillance.

Association of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) in epigenetic regulation of B cell differentiation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer which is the deadliest type of cancer for both men and women. Previous studies already showed that cell-intrinsic loss of WASp causes B cell tolerance and WASp deficiency in T helper (T) cells is linked to negative effects on cytokine gene transcription necessary for T1 differentiation. In the current study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in WASp-mediated epigenetic regulation of B cell differentiation during NSCLC.

Lower limbs micro-loading acutely attenuates repeated change-of-direction performance in male youth during small-sided soccer games.

Background: Soccer players often wear light-weighted wearable resistance (WR) attached to different body parts during the warm-up period with the aim to improve measures of physical fitness. However, the effect of WR on physical performance is unknown. This study evaluated the effects of WR with different micro-loadings on repeated change-of-direction (RCoD) performance while executing small-sided soccer games (SSG).

Minimum clinically important differences in the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire: from a study of heart failure patients treated with integrated Chinese and Western medicine.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the minimum clinically important differences (MCIDs) in the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MLHFQ), which targeted patients with heart failure treated with integrated Chinese and Western medicine, as a means of helping doctors and patients judge the effectiveness of intervention.

Methods: A total of 194 patients with chronic heart failure were recruited from three general hospitals in Beijing. Anchor-based and distribution-based approaches were used to estimate MCID.

Association between COVID-19 infection and herpes zoster: A case series.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a manifestation of the reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in the dorsal root ganglion. The occurrence of HZ has been reported in association with COVID-19. Herein, we describe 10 cases who developed classic HZ within 2-3 weeks of acquiring COVID-19 infection.

Experiences of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 - A single centre qualitative study.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic caused a huge impact on the healthcare system worldwide. With a spectrum of outcome ranging from mild symptoms to mortality, the experiences of patients admitted in isolation wards have not been documented.

Objective: To explore the experience of COVID-19 patients during hospitalization during the early phase of pandemic.

Chitosan-encapsulated naringenin promotes ROS mediated through the activation of executioner caspase-3.

We previously reported that chitosan nanoparticle-encapsulated Naringenin (CS-NPs/NAR) could scavenge free radicals at lower doses and be cytotoxic to cancer cells. The current study continues to focus on the mechanism behind CS-NPs/NAR-induced breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) death. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with higher concentrations (100, 200, and 200 µg) of Chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs), naringenin (NAR), and chitosan-encapsulated naringenin (CS-NPs/NAR).

Prevalence of postpartum depression & anxiety among women in rural India: Risk factors & psychosocial correlates.

Background Objectives: Postpartum depression and anxiety (PPD/A) impact a woman's physical and psychological wellbeing. In the absence of corroboratory evidence from the community setting in India, the present study was undertaken to examine the prevalence, psychosocial correlates and risk factors for PPD/A in the rural community of India.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 680 women during the postpartum period from a rural community in northern India.

Hermeneutic Phenomenological Approach to the Experiences of the Individuals Living with Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Schizophrenia affects various spheres of life causing so many difficulties and burden, but the studies focusing on the experience of individuals living with schizophrenia with reference to the Tamil Nadu context are sparse.

Material And Methods: A qualitative interview based on a hermeneutic phenomenological approach was conducted with 10 individuals living with Schizophrenia and was recorded. The responses were transcribed and coded.

Pharmacological investigation of vitamin E with combined oral contraceptives on INHBA gene against PCOS that intricate through melatonin PKC pathway.

The most prevalent endocrine and metabolic condition in women of reproductive age are polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with significant risk factors such as circadian rhythm and melatonin disruption. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of vitamin E in combination with a combined oral contraceptive (COC) on continuous light-induced PCOS using hormonal measures, oxidative stress (OS) indicators, and the inhibin beta-A (INHBA) gene, which targets the melatonin protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. An technique anticipated INHBA's binding affinity for vitamin E and COC.

Recent Development in the Search for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors based on the Indole Pharmacophore.

The signal transduction and cell proliferation are regulated by the epidermal growth factor receptor. The proliferation of tumor cells, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis is inhibited by the epidermal growth factor receptor. Thus, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, glioma, and bladder cancer can be treated by targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor.