Low-Temperature Hydrotreatment of C4/C5 Fractions Using a Dual-Metal-Loaded Composite Oxide Catalyst.

C4 and C5 fractions are significant by-products in the ethylene industry, with considerable research and economic potential when processed through hydrogenation technology to enhance their value. This study explored the development of hydrotreating catalysts using composite oxides as carriers, specifically enhancing low-temperature performance by incorporating electronic promoters and employing specialized surface modification techniques. This approach enabled the synthesis of non-noble metal hydrogenation catalysts supported on AlO-TiO composite oxides.

Rational modifications on N-(4-quinolinoyl)-Gly-2-cyanopyrrolidine to develop fibroblast activation protein-targeted radioligands with improved affinity and tumor uptake.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has been an attractive target for cancer imaging and therapy. Radiolabeled FAP-targeting ligands have shown promising results for clinical applications. However, further improvements are ongoing in pursuit of increasing tumor uptake, prolonging tumor residence, and maintenance good tumor-to-background contrast for extensive theranostic application.

Printing Cell Embedded Sacrificial Strategy for Microvasculature using Degradable DNA Biolubricant.

Microvasculature is essential for the continued function of cells in tissue and is fundamental in the fields of tissue engineering, organ repair and drug screening. However, the fabrication of microvasculature is still challenging using existing strategies. Here, we developed a general PRINting Cell Embedded Sacrificial Strategy (PRINCESS) and successfully fabricated microvasculatures using degradable DNA biolubricant.

Recent Advances in Propylene-Based Elastomers Polymerized by Homogeneous Catalysts.

Propylene-based elastomers (PBEs) have received widespread attention and research in recent years due to their structural diversity and excellent properties, and are also an important area for leading chemical companies to compete for layout, but efficient synthesis of PBEs remains challenging. In this paper, we review the development of PBEs and categorize them into three types, grounded in their unique chain structures, including homopolymer propylene-based elastomers (hPBEs), random copolymer propylene-based elastomers (rPBEs), and block copolymer propylene-based elastomers (bPBEs). The successful synthesis of these diverse PBEs is largely credited to the relentless innovative advancements in homogeneous catalysts (metallocene catalysts, constrained geometry catalysts, and non-metallocene catalysts).

Phytic acid-induced durable fire-proof and hydrophobic complex coating for versatile cotton fabrics.

To address the current development requirements for multifunctional cotton fabrics, a phytic acid-induced flame-retardant hydrophobic coating containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and silicon (Si) was grafted on the surface of cotton fabrics using a facile step-by-step immersion method. The limiting oxygen index value improved to 31.2 %, decreasing to 26.

The Synergetic Effect of Metal-Loaded Electrospun Carbon Fibers for Photothermal Conversion.

With the increasing demand for energy and worsening environmental issues, the application of photothermal materials has been widely explored due to their high energy conversion capabilities and environmental friendliness. In this work, metal-carbon fiber composites were prepared and subjected to photothermal and water evaporation performance tests alongside pure metals and pyrolytic phenolic resin materials. The results show that the addition of metals effectively improved the photothermal efficiency by narrowing the molecular energy gaps of the materials, indicating a strong synergistic enhancement effect between metals and carbon materials.

Rational Design of Crystalline and Enantiomerically Pure Helicenes with Open-Shell Singlet Ground States.

Helicene diradical derivatives have attracted widespread attentions because of their unique magnetic and chiroptoelectronic properties, however, crystalline and enantiomerically pure forms of helicene diradicals are extremely rare. Herein, we describe the rational design and synthesis of o-quinone functionalized helicene diradicals with crystalline enantiomerical purity. Diradical dianion salt Rac-3K and its enantiomers P/M-3K were obtained by reduction of corresponding precursors Rac-3 and P/M-3 with two equivalent potassium graphite in THF in the presence of (di)benzo-18-crown-6.

A facile way to fabricate a thrombin immobilized composite sponge with dual hemostatic effects for acute hemorrhage control.

Uncontrolled bleeding and excessive blood loss stand as the leading causes of death in complex surgeries, civilian traumas, and military operations. Sponges have been used for developing efficiency hemostats, but most commonly used hemostatic sponges possess only one single coagulation mechanism or lack inherent blood clotting ability. Herein, we proposed simple yet innovative approaches for creating novel hemostatic composite sponges with dual hemostatic effects.

Water-Driven Surface Lattice Oxygen Activation in MnO for Promoted Low-Temperature NH-SCR.

Water is ubiquitous in various heterogeneous catalytic reactions, where it can be easily adsorbed, chemically dissociated, and diffused on catalyst surfaces, inevitably influencing the catalytic process. However, the specific role of water in these reactions remains unclear. In this study, we innovatively propose that HO-driven surface lattice oxygen activation in γ-MnO significantly enhances low-temperature NH-SCR.

Remote actuation and on-demand activation of biomaterials pre-incorporated with physical cues for bone repair.

The high incidence of bone defect-related diseases caused by trauma, infection, and tumor resection has greatly stimulated research in the field of bone regeneration. Generally, bone healing is a long and complicated process wherein manipulating the biological activity of interventional scaffolds to support long-term bone regeneration is significant for treating bone-related diseases. It has been reported that some physical cues can act as growth factor substitutes to promote osteogenesis through continuous activation of endogenous signaling pathways.

Superelastic Polymer Aerogel with Superamphiphilicity.

Elastic aerogels have become a research hot spot in both academia and industry recently. The reported elastic aerogels are all made of hard materials by controlling their shapes. Herein we report an elastic aerogel made of a polymer elastomer with entropy elasticity.

Recent Advances in the Titanium-Based Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization.

At present, economic development and daily life cannot be separated from organic synthetic polymers. However, a large number of nondegradable polymers have caused serious pollution to the environment. It is necessary for sustainable development to use biodegradable materials instead of traditional polymers, but it is not yet comparable in performance and cost to the competitor it will replace.

Synthesis and Flame Retardant Behavior of Phosphorous- and Nitrogen-Containing Copolymer and Its Application in Polypropylene.

In this study, a 4-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane 1-oxide (PEPA)-functionalized acrylate monomer, PEPAA, is designed and utilized for the synthesis of macromolecular flame retardants poly(PEPAA-co-AM) with varying PEPAA/AM ratio through copolymerization with acrylamide (AM).

Ammonium Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate: Preparation and Application in Olefin Coordination Polymerization as the Cocatalyst Compound.

Metallocene catalysts have attracted much attention from academia and industry for their excellent catalytic activity in the field of olefin polymerization. Cocatalysts play a key role in metallocene catalytic systems, which can not only affect the overall catalytic activity, but also have an obvious influence on the structure and properties of the polymer. Although methylaluminoxane (MAO) is currently the most widely used cocatalyst, its price increases the production cost of polyolefin materials.

Recent Advancements in the Synthesis of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene via Late Transition Metal Catalysts.

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylenes (UHMWPEs) are significant engineering plastics for their unique properties, such as high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, weatherability, lubricity, and chemical resistance. Consequently, developing a suitable catalyst is vital in facilitating the preparation of UHMWPE. The late transition metal catalysts have emerged as effective catalysts in producing UHMWPE due to their availability, enhanced tolerance to heteroatom groups, active polymerization characteristics, and good copolymerization ability with polar monomers.

Choline Phosphate-Grafted Nanozymes as Universal Extracellular Vesicle Probes for Bladder Cancer Detection.

Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) are regarded as highly promising liquid-biopsy biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer (BC). However, detection of uEVs remains technically challenging owing to their huge heterogeneity and ultralow abundance in real samples. We herein present a choline phosphate-grafted platinum nanozyme (Pt@CP) that acts as a universal EV probe for the construction of a high-throughput and high-sensitivity immunoassay, which allowed multiplex profiling of uEV protein markers for BC detection.

Enhanced medium-chain fatty acid production from sewage sludge by combined electro-fermentation and anaerobic fermentation.

Electro-fermentation (EF) was combined with anaerobic fermentation (AF) to promote medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) from sewage sludge. Results showed that EF at acidification process significantly increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production of by 0.5 times (82.

Polymerase-Based Signal Delay for Temporally Regulating DNA Involved Reactions, Programming Dynamic Molecular Systems, and Biomimetic Sensing.

Complex temporal molecular signals play a pivotal role in the intricate biological pathways of living organisms, and cells exhibit the ability to transmit and receive information by intricately managing the temporal dynamics of their signaling molecules. Although biomimetic molecular networks are successfully engineered outside of cells, the capacity to precisely manipulate temporal behaviors remains limited. In this study, the catalysis activity of isothermal DNA polymerase (DNAP) through combined use of molecular dynamics simulation analysis and fluorescence assays is first characterized.

Morphology of impact polypropylene copolymer extruded cast film revealed by confocal Raman imaging.

An impact polypropylene copolymer (IPC), composed of polypropylene (PP) and ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPC), was synthesized through two-stage in-reactor polymerization. A systematic investigation of the crystalline structure, thermal behavior, morphology, and tensile properties of the IPC extruded cast film was conducted. Specifically, the morphology of EPC was obtained by confocal Raman imaging by depicting the spatial distribution of the Raman band located at 1064 cm.

Advanced Smart Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery Based on Phosphoramidite Chemistry: From Oligonucleotides to Precision Polymers.

Over decades of development, while phosphoramidite chemistry has been known as the leading method in commercial synthesis of oligonucleotides, it has also revolutionized the fabrication of sequence-defined polymers (SDPs), offering novel functional materials in polymer science and clinical medicine. This review has introduced the evolution of phosphoramidite chemistry, emphasizing its development from the synthesis of oligonucleotides to the creation of universal SDPs, which have unlocked the potential for designing programmable smart biomaterials with applications in diverse areas including data storage, regenerative medicine and drug delivery. The key methodologies, functions, biomedical applications, and future challenges in SDPs, have also been summarized in this review, underscoring the significance of breakthroughs in precisely synthesized materials.

Nickel-Catalyzed Ethylene Copolymerization with Vinylalkoxysilanes: A Computational Study.

Since the discovery of α-diimine catalysts in 1995, an extensive series of Brookhart-type complexes have shown their excellence in catalyzing ethylene polymerizations with remarkable activity and a high molecular weight. However, although this class of palladium complexes has proven proficiency in catalyzing ethylene copolymerization with various polar monomers, the α-diimine nickel catalysts have generally exhibited a much worse performance in these copolymerizations compared to their palladium counterparts. Recently, Brookhart et al.

Experimental and Theoretical Insights into the Effect of Dioldibenzoate Isomers on the Performance of Polypropylene Catalysts.

Experimental investigations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to study the comprehensive effect of different 3,5-heptanedioldibenzoate (HDDB) optical isomers as the internal electron donor on the catalytic performance of Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The experimental catalytic activity of HDDB has a positive correlation with the relative content of the mesomer incorporated during catalyst preparation, while the hydrogen response of HDDB displayed a negative correlation with the relative content of the mesomer. In order to apply the DFT calculation results to the macroscopic activity of the catalyst, the content of the active centers of the catalyst was analyzed.