A Comprehensive Modeling of Microplastic Emission from Wastewater Treatment Plants to the Sea via Rivers in China.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant sources of microplastic (MP) emissions. In order to quantify the potential MP emission from WWTPs, a database of more than 10,000 WWTPs in China with an estimated MP emission rate was built. The MP riverine retention after emission was also estimated based on Stokes' law for both fragments and fibers.

Surgical Helmet Systems do not reduce the incidence of periprosthetic joint infections in elbow arthroplasty. Results from the New Zealand National Joint Registry 2000-2023.

Hypothesis And Background: The incidence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains high following elbow arthroplasty procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Surgical Helmet Systems (SHS) reduce rates of PJI after elbow arthroplasty in a population-based registry study over a consecutive 23-year period. We hypothesized SHS would reduce the incidence of PJI compared with conventional surgical gowns following elbow arthroplasty surgery.

Greenhouse gas fluxes and their determining factors in salt marsh wetlands along the south shore of Hangzhou Bay, East China Sea.

This study employed in-situ online monitoring to assess the impact of Spartina alterniflora harvesting on greenhouse gas emissions. Their fluxes and δC values were measured in unvegetated tidal flat, low and medium vegetation coverage areas of the salt marsh wetlands along the south shore of Hangzhou Bay about a month after harvest. The objective was to clarify fluxes changes and interactions with environmental factors.

International pellet watch; origins and monitoring of oil markers in surface sediments and plastic resin pellets in southern Caspian Sea, Iran.

Oil pollution in marine environments, particularly along the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea, has become a serious issue due to anthropogenic activities such as shipping, tourism, fishing, and urban development. This study aimed to assess the concentration and origin of PAHs, n-alkanes, hopanes, and steranes in sediment samples (coastal area and coastal line) and resin pellets collected from 30 stations along the southern shores of the Caspian Sea (Golestan, Mazandaran, and Gilan provinces). The results showed that PAHs concentrationranged from 530.

The effect of increased vascular afterload measures on flow rate and survival in severe aortic stenosis.

Aims: Although an association between the systemic circulation and transaortic flow rate (TFR) is frequently hypothesized in patients with aortic stenosis (AS), it has not been demonstrated previously. We sought to explore the relationship between blood pressure (BP), vascular afterload measures, clinical history of hypertension, TFR, and survival in patients with severe AS (aortic valve area ≤ 1 cm²).

Methods And Results: We studied 323 patients ≥ 65 years (110 prospective, 213 registry analysis) who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement over a 5-year period.

Machine learning approaches for risk prediction after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is essential for mitigating risk and peri-procedural planning. Traditional risk models have demonstrated a modest predictive value. Machine learning (ML) models offer an alternative risk stratification that may provide improved predictive accuracy.

Advanced electrocardiography heart age: a prognostic, explainable machine learning approach applicable to sinus and non-sinus rhythms.

Aims: An explainable advanced electrocardiography (A-ECG) Heart Age gap is the difference between A-ECG Heart Age and chronological age. This gap is an estimate of accelerated cardiovascular aging expressed in years of healthy human aging, and can intuitively communicate cardiovascular risk to the general population. However, existing A-ECG Heart Age requires sinus rhythm.

Delayed return of bowel function after general surgery in South Australia.

Introduction: Reference ranges for determining pathological versus normal postoperative return of bowel function are not well characterised for general surgery patients. This study aimed to characterise time to first postoperative passage of stool after general surgery; determine associations between clinical factors and delayed time to first postoperative stool; and evaluate the association between delay to first postoperative stool and prolonged length of hospital stay.

Methods: This study included consecutive admissions at two tertiary hospitals across a two-year period whom underwent a range of general surgery operations.

Comparative evaluation of specimen type and processing conditions for studying oyster microbiomes.

Metagenomic sequencing is increasingly being employed to understand the assemblage and dynamics of the oyster microbiome. Specimen collection and processing steps can impact the resultant microbiome composition and introduce bias. To investigate this systematically, a total of 54 farmed oysters were collected from Chesapeake Bay between May and September 2019.

Canagliflozin reduces oral loop diuretic intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes: A participant-level pooled analysis of the CANVAS and CREDENCE trials.

Aims: The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin reduces the risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or cardiovascular death and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression among patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with CKD. Patients with type 2 diabetes commonly have coexisting HF or CKD that require treatment with loop diuretics; however, the prognostic implications of oral loop diuretic intensification are not well characterized.

Methods And Results: In this participant-level pooled analysis of the CREDENCE and CANVAS trials (not including CANVAS-R), 1454/8731 (16.

Approach to cervical polyps in primary care.

Objective: To provide primary care providers (PCPs) with an approach for diagnosing and managing endocervical polyps, detailing a procedural technique for cervical polypectomy and outlining key information on when to refer to a gynecologist.

Sources Of Information: This review and approach are based on the second author's clinical practice and available literature from 1994 to 2023.

Main Message: Cervical polyps are commonly asymptomatic and benign, but can cause intermenstrual and postcoital bleeding.

Machine-learning versus traditional methods for prediction of all-cause mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Accurate mortality prediction following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is essential for mitigating risk, shared decision-making and periprocedural planning. Surgical risk models have demonstrated modest discriminative value for patients undergoing TAVI and are typically poorly calibrated, with incremental improvements seen in TAVI-specific models. Machine learning (ML) models offer an alternative risk stratification that may offer improved predictive accuracy.

Irreversible Electroporation and β-Glucan Induced Trained Innate Immunity for the Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Study.

Introduction: Irreversible electroporation(IRE) has augmented the effects of certain immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer(PDA). Yeast-derived particulate beta-glucan induces trained innate immunity and has successfully reduces murine PC tumor burden. This is a Phase II study to test the hypothesis that IRE may augment beta-glucan induced trained immunity in patients with PDA.

Influence of environmental settings, including vegetation, on speciation of the redox-sensitive elements in the sediments of monomictic Lake Kinneret.

Unlabelled: The redox conditions in the littoral limnic sediments may be affected by the penetration of plant roots which provide channels for oxygen transport into the sediment while decomposition of the dead roots results in consumption of oxygen. The goal of this work was to study the impact of environmental parameters including penetration of roots of L. into the sediments on cycling of the redox-sensitive elements in Lake Kinneret.

An Updated Demographic Profile of Orthopaedic Surgery Using a New ABOS Data Set.

Introduction: The orthopaedic surgery physician workforce is predominately White and male and has been identified as the least diverse medical specialty. Increasing efforts toward diversification within orthopaedic surgery are underway. Evaluating the effectiveness of these programs requires a thorough understanding of the current demographic profile of the profession.

Observation on the therapeutic effect of rolling the target muscle groups of lower limbs with foam rollers of different shore hardness on DOMS.

Objective: This experiment aims to explore how foam rollers of different Shore hardness affect DOMS, providing insights for sports therapy.

Methods: Forty participants from Shanghai Sanda University who have no habit of strength training, no lower limb injury, and meet the health standards were selected to conduct three experiments under the conditions of no intervention, using a 50 Shore hardness foam roller, and using a 60 Shore hardness foam roller, respectively. Data were recorded before and after modeling, as well as 24, 48, and 72 hours later.

From anecdotes to evidence: Environmental DNA detection of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) at the southern limit of its circumpolar range.

The urgency of rapid species monitoring is at an all-time high due to the increasing threat of climate change to global ecosystems, in particular freshwater habitats. Fish such as Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, are particularly vulnerable to increasing water temperatures and changes in land use due to their dependence on cold waters and confinement to lacustrine environments. Nonetheless, current monitoring practices, relying on physical capture of organisms, are hindered by resource constraints, desire to manage habitats for recreational fishing, and restricted access to sites.

Systemic inequities in alcohol licensing: Case studies in eight Aotearoa New Zealand communities.

Introduction: Many countries, including Aotearoa New Zealand, have socioeconomic and ethnic inequities in alcohol outlet density, yet the potential contribution of alcohol licensing systems is almost unexplored. After licensing reforms in Aotearoa in 2012, community groups and Māori (the Indigenous people) continued to struggle to influence decisions, prompting calls for reform and authority for Māori reflecting Te Tiriti o Waitangi obligations. This study explored factors in the failure of public objections in under-resourced neighbourhoods.

Filter feeding in devil rays is highly sensitive to morphology.

Mobulid rays (manta and devil rays) use a highly specialized filtering apparatus to separate plankton food particles from seawater. Recent studies have indicated that captive vortices form within the microscale pores of the filter, which enhance filtration efficiency through a novel mechanism referred to as ricochet separation. The high throughput and clog resistance of this filtration process have led to the development of several bioinspired engineered filtration systems.

Detection of hypertension and blood pressure phenotypes using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in women with past hypertensive disorders of pregnancies.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of hypertension and blood pressure (BP) phenotypes using 24-hour ambulatory BP (24hr-ABP) in women with past pregnancy complications who were recruited into a Women's Heart Clinic (WHC).

Study Design: We recruited 156 women aged 30-55 years with past hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and/or gestational diabetes (GDM) to a multidisciplinary six-month WHC that provided cardiovascular risk management in Melbourne, Australia. Women were referred for 24 hr-ABP monitoring if clinic BP was ≥130/80 mmHg.

Racial/Ethnic Associations with Morbidity and Mortality in Adults with Acute Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of race with morbidity and mortality in acute cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI) patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Racial disparities in spine surgery are associated with adverse outcomes, however, the impact of race on cSCI is understudied.

Plant species, inundation, and sediment grain size control the development of sediment stability in tidal marshes.

Tidal marshes can contribute to nature-based shoreline protection by reducing the wave load onto the shore and reducing the erosion of the sediment bed. To implement such nature-based shoreline erosion protection requires the ability to quickly restore or create highly stable and erosion-resistant tidal marshes at places where they currently do not yet occur. Therefore, we aim to identify the drivers controlling the rate by which sediment stability builds up in young pioneer marshes.