Study of Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Intensive Care Unit Setup of a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting of a tertiary care hospital.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted for a period of 1 month in October 2017 on a total of 195 patients who were admitted to ICU of tertiary care hospital. The culture and sensitivity pattern of clinical isolates from blood, urine, sputum, endotracheal tube (ET) aspirate, catheter sites, and wound swabs were analyzed.

Prevalence of Adult ADHD Co-morbidity in Alcohol Use Disorders in a General Hospital Setup.

Background: Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) symptoms persisting into adulthood can influence the course and outcome of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of adult ADHD in patients admitted with AUDs in a general hospital setup.

Methods: In this study, 100 consecutive inpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) were evaluated for the diagnosis of ADHD.

Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma (REAH) in the Olfactory Cleft: Often Masked by Bilateral Nasal Polyps.

Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) is a distinct non-neoplastic entity originating from anterior olfactory cleft in the nasal cavity, often going unnoticed. Clinically, REAH presents as unilateral or bilateral nasal polyps. Our aim is to expand the understanding of bilateral REAH associated with nasal polyposis with respect to clinical, radiological and histopathological features for better clinical outcomes.

Correlation of Day 8 Steroid Response with Bone Marrow Status Measured on Days 14 and 35, in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Being Treated with BFM Protocol.

Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster (BFM) protocol is commonly used in India for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The present study was conducted to correlate day 8 steroid response with bone marrow status (by morphology and flow cytometry) at day 14 and day 35 of treatment. It was a prospective study which included all newly diagnosed ALL patients who visited hospital between March 2013 and February 2015 i.

Comparative expression analysis of phospholipid binding protein annexina1 in nephrogenesis and kidney cancer.

Background The expression in the glomerular mesangial cells, papillary, and collecting duct cells demonstrated annexin A1 (AnxA1)'s role in specific renal functions. With varying concentrations of calcium (Ca2+), it is considered to regulate cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and clearance of apoptotic cells by forming ceramides, a key lipid mediator of apoptosis. It also participates in tumorigenesis based on its location.

Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and Their Influence on Mandibular Angle and Condyle Fractures.

The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the effect unerupted or partially erupted third molars have on the angle and condyle fracture patterns of the mandible. It also focuses on evaluating the type of impaction that causes angle fracture and the level at which the condyle most commonly fractures. The study involves all the patients who had undergone treatment for condylar and angle of the mandible fractures from 2010 to 2017 in our craniofacial center.

Case of PUO, Psoas Abscess and Renal Failure.

Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) is a common phenomenon. Abscesses are well known to present as PUO. We present a case of PUO due to psoas abscess and renal failure, with a rare manifestation of a common entity.

Culture and characterization of human dental pulp‑derived stem cells as limbal stem cells for corneal damage repair.

Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is one of the leading causes of corneal damage. Injury or inflammation in the cornea causes LSCD, which may be unilateral or bilateral depending upon the cause. Limbal epithelial cell implants successfully improve vision in patients with chemical injury‑induced LSCD.

Immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its implications.

Aim: To study the expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 (Fn14) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to elucidate the possible role of TWEAK-Fn14 in OSCC development.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry for TWEAK-Fn14 was performed on 61 oral mucosal samples: healthy oral mucosa (HOM; N = 15); oral dysplastic lesions (ODL; N = 15); and OSCC (N = 31). Extent of staining (ES) and immunoreactive score (IRS) were assessed.

Study of Hepatic Involvement and Thrombocytopenia in Dengue.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the pattern of hepatic involvement and thrombocytopenia in patients with dengue fever and time taken for clinical/biochemical recovery.

Methods: This is a retrospective study done in a tertiary centre. A total of 1111 patients with documented dengue fever, either with NS1 antigen/IgM antibody positive report who were admitted between January 2016 to December 2016.

Clinical outcomes of endoscopic vs retromandibular approach for the treatment of condylar fractures-a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Condylar fractures remain the most controversial topic in maxillofacial trauma. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with use of an extraoral approach has certain benefits over the nonsurgical treatment. Concerns, however, remain about the risk of facial nerve injury, postoperative facial nerve weakness, and facial scarring when operating in this region despite the various extraoral approaches that have been developed.

Effect of Gmelina arborea on learning and memory in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of albino Wistar rats.

Background The brain is the centre of the nervous system in all vertebrates. The central cholinergic pathways play a prominent role in learning and memory processes. Dementia is a mental disorder characterized by the loss of intellectual ability, which invariably involves the impairment of memory.

Forty years of clinical excellence at the Dr A Lakshmipathi Neurosurgical Centre and Post-Graduate Institute of Neurological Surgery, Voluntary Health Services (VHS) Hospital.

The Achanta Lakshmipathi Neurosurgical Center (ALNC) and Post Graduate Institute of Neurological Surgery is a private teaching neurosurgical institution located in the VHS (Voluntary Health Services) Hospital Chennai. It has been a leader and trendsetter among the private academic neurosurgical training institutions, and because of its unique legacy, has influenced the progress of Neurosurgery in India. The center was the second neurosurgical Institute to be created by Prof.

Mineralizing Vasculopathy Causing Motor Delay and Silent Strokes?

Stroke in children is known to have varied causes and many newer ones continue to be identified. One such recently described entity is mineralizing vasculopathy of lenticulostriate vessels to basal ganglia. Although it is a well-known cause of infantile stroke following trivial head injury, this condition as an etiology of isolated motor delay without a prior history of stroke has not been described.

Opportunistic infection at the start of antiretroviral therapy and baseline CD4+ count less than 50 cells/mm3 are associated with poor immunological recovery.

Introduction There is a dearth of studies assessing the efficacy and immunological improvement in patients started on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in India. This study was undertaken to assess the 2-year treatment outcomes in HIV-positive patients initiated on ART in a tertiary-care hospital. Methods After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, adult HIV-positive patients from a tertiary-care hospital, initiated on ART between January 2013 and February 2015, were included in the study.

F-box protein FBXO16 functions as a tumor suppressor by attenuating nuclear β-catenin function.

Aberrant activation of β-catenin has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including cancer. In spite of significant progress, the regulation of active Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathways is still poorly understood. In this study, we show that F-box protein 16 (FBXO16) is a putative tumor suppressor.

Evaluation of a modified protocol that decreases the turnaround time of positive blood cultures.

Background And Objectives: Neonatal septicemia can be rapidly fatal if not treated promptly. A speedy laboratory diagnosis would improve the outcome. The BacT/ALERT 3D system (bioMerieux, Durham, North Carolina) is currently being used for laboratory diagnosis of blood stream infections.

Intravenous Low Dose Fentanyl versus Lignocaine in Attenuating the Hemodynamic Responses during Endotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Double-Blind Study.

Background: The laryngotracheal stimulation is known to cause reflex sympathoadrenal response with a marked increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Arrhythmias can be precipitated. The harmful nature of this response has been noted in patients at risk.

Cardioautonomic responses to acute ingestion of ice water and its correlation to body mass index.

Background A significant relationship has been documented in the literature between the autonomic nervous system imbalance and cardiovascular mortality. In patients with autonomic failure, water ingestion has been shown to increase blood pressure (BP), induce bradycardia, and cause low heart rate variability (HRV). A few studies showed the altered HRV as an acute effect of ice water intake in healthy subjects.

Hemifacial spasm secondary to vascular loop compression: a rare case report.

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is characterised by brief, persistent, involuntary paroxysmal contractions of the facial muscles innervated by the facial nerve. Broadly its aetiology is portrayed as primary and secondary. Primary HFS is a result of vascular compression of the ipsilateral facial nerve at its root exit zone, and secondary HFS can occur after any injury to the facial nerve from the internal auditory canal to the stylomastoid foramen, which may be a result of a cerebellopontine angle tumour, schwannoma, fusiform aneurysm, or demyelinating lesion such as multiple sclerosis.

Reciprocal regulation of pro-inflammatory Annexin A2 and anti-inflammatory Annexin A1 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

Annexin A2 has been implicated in several immune modulated diseases including Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pannus formation. The most relied treatment option for RA pathogenesis is glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids regulate the synthesis, phosphorylation and cellular deposition of Annexin A1.

Antifungal Resistance in Dermatology.

Cutaneous fungal infections affect more than one-fourth of world's population. The pathogenesis and severity of fungal infection depend on various immunological and nonimmunological factors. The rampant use of antifungal therapy in immunocompromised individuals marked the onset of antifungal drug resistance.

Paravertebral block with morphine or dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine for post-operative analgesia in modified radical mastectomy: A prospective, randomised, double-blind study.

Background And Aims: General anaesthesia (GA) is the standard technique and paravertebral block (PVB) is suggested as an ideal analgesic in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM). This study assessed post-operative analgesic efficacy of morphine or dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine in PVB.

Methods: Forty-five women (18-60 years) undergoing MRM ± axillary clearance received PVB with 20 ml bupivacaine 0.