The Association Between Breastfeeding and Growth Among Infants with Moderately Low Birth Weight: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To assess the association between breastfeeding competency, as determined by Latch, Audible swallowing, Type of nipple, Comfort, and Hold (LATCH) and Preterm Infant Breastfeeding Behavior Scale (PIBBS) scores, and exclusive breastfeeding and growth among infants with low birth weight (LBW) in India, Malawi, and Tanzania.

Study Design: We conducted LATCH and PIBBS assessments among mother-infant dyads enrolled in the Low Birthweight Infant Feeding Exploration (LIFE) observational study of infants with moderately LBW (1500g-2499 g) in India, Malawi, and Tanzania. We analyzed feeding and growth patterns among this cohort.

Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Rare Occurrence in the Setting of Normal QTc.

Cardiovascular manifestations like bradycardia, hypotension, fluctuation of blood pressure, and supraventricular arrhythmia are common in acute spinal cervical injury above the C6 level and are the major cause of mortality and morbidity in them. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation have only been reported in a few cases, but polymorphic VT (PMVT) has not been reported. We report a very rare case of acute cervical spinal cord injury patient who developed PMVT in the setting of normal QT interval degenerating to ventricular fibrillation, causing cardiac arrest before surgery.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics via Exploitation of a Magnetic Nanocomposite: A Green Nanotechnology Approach toward Drug-Contaminated Wastewater Reclamation.

In the quest for eco-conscious innovations, this research was designed for the sustainable synthesis of magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles, using ferric chloride hexahydrate salt as a precursor and extract of leaves as both a reducing and capping agent, which are innovatively applied as a photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics "ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin". Sugar cane bagasse biomass, sugar cane bagasse pyrolyzed biochar, and magnetite/sugar cane bagasse biochar nanocomposite were also synthesized via environmentally friendly organized approaches. The optimum conditions for the degradation of ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin were found to be pH 6 for ciprofloxacin and 5 for amoxicillin, dosage of the photocatalyst (0.

Stroke incidence, mortality, subtypes in rural and urban populations in five geographic areas of India (2018-2019): results from the National Stroke Registry Programme.

Background: Increasing stroke burden in India demands a long-term stroke surveillance framework. Earlier studies in India were urban-based, short term and provided limited data on stroke incidence and its outcomes. This gap is addressed by the establishment of five population-based stroke registries (PBSRs) of the National Stroke Registry Programme, India.

OUTCOME OF EYES TREATED FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN POSTERIOR ZONE I: An Eastern India Study.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of eyes treated for retinopathy of prematurity in posterior Zone I.

Methods: In a part retrospective (9 years) and part prospective (1 year) interventional study, we analyzed eyes treated for retinopathy of prematurity in posterior Zone I with a minimum follow-up for 6 months.

Results: This study included 109 eyes of 56 infants; mean gestational age and birth weights were 29.

Comparing the Biofilm Removal Capacity of NaOCl, Povidone-Iodine, Chlorhexidine, Curcumin, and Triphala as Endodontic Irrigants.

Background And Aim: A sessile multicellular organism that is immersed in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances and has its cells firmly attached to a surface is referred to as a microbial biofilm. When it comes to pulp and periradicular pathosis, biofilms are crucial. To reduce the number of microorganisms in the root canal and assist in treating periapical pathosis, endodontic therapy must include decontamination of the system of tooth root canals through biomechanical preparation and irrigation of the root canal.

Dento-skeletal Sequel of Hyrax in Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aim: To critically evaluate and review the dento-skeletal outcomes of hyrax with or without nonsurgical protraction therapy in nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients.

Materials And Methods: Electronic databases were searched from PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, SciELO, Lilacs, and Google Scholar from January 2005 to April 2022 to identify studies reporting on the dento-skeletal effect of hyrax with or without nonsurgical protraction therapy among children aged 7-15 years with CLP before the secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) procedure. Abstracts and subsequently eligible full-text articles were screened.

Pierre Robin sequence coexisting with ectopic kidney, bilateral developmental hip dysplasia in a child - A rare case report.

Pierre Robin sequence is a rare congenital disorder with variable associations. A two-year-old female child was brought in with complaints of an abnormal gait and right lower limb shortening. A comprehensive clinical evaluation unveiled facial characteristics resembling those of Pierre Robin Sequence, including micrognathia, a cleft palate, and glossoptosis.

Assessing ChatGPT's Proficiency in Simplifying Radiological Reports for Healthcare Professionals and Patients.

Background Clear communication of radiological findings is crucial for effective healthcare decision-making. However, radiological reports are often complex with technical terminology, making them challenging for non-radiology healthcare professionals and patients to comprehend. Large language models like ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, by OpenAI, San Francisco, CA) offer a potential solution by translating intricate reports into simplified language.

Role of astrocyte senescence regulated by the non- canonical autophagy in the neuroinflammation associated to cerebral malaria.

Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a fatal neuroinflammatory syndrome caused (in humans) by the protozoa Plasmodium (P.) falciparum. Glial cell activation is one of the mechanisms that contributes to neuroinflammation in CM.

2023 Update of Indian National Association for Study of the Liver Consensus on Management of Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Puri III Recommendations.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant treatment challenges despite considerable advancements in its management. The Indian National Association for the Study of the Liver (INASL) first published its guidelines to aid healthcare professionals in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC in 2014. These guidelines were subsequently updated in 2019.

Adverse outcomes and an immunosuppressed endotype in septic patients with reduced IFN-γ ELISpot.

BACKGROUNDSepsis remains a major clinical challenge for which successful treatment requires greater precision in identifying patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes requiring different therapeutic approaches. Predicting clinical outcomes and immunological endotyping of septic patients generally relies on using blood protein or mRNA biomarkers, or static cell phenotyping. Here, we sought to determine whether functional immune responsiveness would yield improved precision.

A comparison of the continuous supraclavicular brachial plexus block using the proximal longitudinal oblique approach and the interscalene brachial plexus block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: A randomised, controlled, double-blind trial.

Background: Continuous interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB) is widely used for arthroscopic shoulder surgery, but the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paresis (HDP) has been reported to reach 100%. Several methods, including injections distal to the C5-C6 nerve roots, have been attempted to reduce the HDP incidence. However, catheter placement distal to the C5-C6 nerve roots interferes with the surgical site.

Repercussions of Denosumab in Patients With Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: An Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: The advent of denosumab has rendered giant cell tumors (GCT) of the bone amenable. It makes sense to evaluate its effect on the patient's symptoms and the histopathological outcomes. The aim of the study is to ascertain the effect of 24-week neoadjuvant denosumab therapy on the following parameters: visual analogue scale (VAS), musculoskeletal tumor society (MSTS) scores, tumor size, and the number of giant and stromal cells.

Obstructive Jaundice with skin involvement - An unusual presentation of Myeloid Sarcoma.

Biliary obstruction secondary to malignancy is a common clinical problem. Rarely, biliary obstruction is due to leukemia, and obstructive jaundice in these patients usually presents late in the course of the disease. We present a rare case of a patient who presented with fever, jaundice, and pruritus with multiple nodular swellings in the left shoulder, left thigh, and lower back.

Pattern of disease expression in SLE patients with antiphospholipid antibodies: data from Indian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Inception cohort (INSPIRE).

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) are present in one-third of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and they are associated with both criteria and non-criteria manifestations. We studied the prevalence, clinical associations, and impact on mortality of APLA in SLE patients from India. Among the Indian SLE inception cohort (INSPIRE), patients who had data on all five routinely performed APLAs [lupus anticoagulant (LA), IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I(β2GPI)] at enrolment were selected.

Gastrointestinal manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: data from an Indian multi-institutional inception (INSPIRE) cohort.

Objectives: To study the prevalence, correlates, and outcomes of GI manifestations in a prospectively enrolled nationwide cohort of SLE in India (INSPIRE).

Methods: It is an observational cohort study with analysis of the baseline database of the INSPIRE cohort with early outcomes assessed till 10 April 2023. Cases with GI manifestations as per the BILAG index were selected, pertinent clinical and laboratory data were retrieved for analysis.

Determinants of clinical response to empirical antibiotic treatment in patients with cirrhosis and bacterial and fungal infections-Results from the ICA "Global Study" (EABCIR-Global Study).

Background: The administration of an appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment is essential in cirrhosis and severe bacterial infections. We aimed to investigate the predictors of clinical response of empirical antibiotic treatment in a prospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis and bacterial and fungal infections included in the International Club of Ascites "Global Study."

Methods: Patients hospitalized with cirrhosis and bacterial/fungal infection were prospectively enrolled at 46 centers.

A Dose-Finding Study to Guide Use of Verapamil as an Adjunctive Therapy in Tuberculosis.

Induction of mycobacterial efflux pumps is a cause of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) drug tolerance, a barrier to shortening antitubercular treatment. Verapamil inhibits Mtb efflux pumps that mediate tolerance to rifampin, a cornerstone of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Verapamil's mycobacterial efflux pump inhibition also limits Mtb growth in macrophages in the absence of antibiotic treatment.