Intricate Estimation and Evaluation of Mandibular Movements in Geriatric Patients Suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that usually affects joints and making them warm, painful, and swollen. The chief purpose of this study was to evaluate movements of mandible in geriatric patients suffering from RA with or without temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: A total of 45 people were included in this study with age of 60 years and above.

Assessment of Demirjian's 8-teeth technique of age estimation and Indian-specific formulas in an East Indian population: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The age of an individual can be assessed by a plethora of widely available tooth-based techniques, among which radiological methods prevail. The Demirjian's technique of age assessment based on tooth development stages has been extensively investigated in different populations of the world.

Aim: The present study is to assess the applicability of Demirjian's modified 8-teeth technique in age estimation of population of East India (Odisha), utilizing Acharya's Indian-specific cubic functions.

Non-Infiltrating Angiolipoma of Floor of Mouth-A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

Angiolipoma, a subtype of lipoma is a benign tumour in which adipose tissue and vascular component are intermingled. The tumour occurs commonly in the trunk and extremities and very rarely seen in maxillofacial region. Here we report a case of Non-Infiltrating Angiolipoma (NIAL) in floor of mouth which is the second case to be reported in literature to the best of our knowledge.

Preoperative evaluation of cervical lymph nodes for metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: A comparative study of efficacy of palpation, ultrasonography and computed tomography.

Introduction: Oral cancer is a major health threat in a country like India, where patients frequently present with advanced disease with regional dissemination to cervical lymph nodes. The management and prognosis depend on the status of cervical lymph nodes. Thus, it becomes imperative to diagnose and evaluate them preoperatively.

Sedation in oral and maxillofacial day care surgery: A comparative study between intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam.

Introduction: Sedation is an important component of day care oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures under local anesthesia. Although various sedative drugs in different regimens have been used for sedation, an ideal agent and regimen are yet to be established.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine and midazolam as a sedative agent for day care oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures.

Ameloblastic fibroodontoma or complex odontoma: Two faces of the same coin.

An ameloblastic fibroodontoma (AFO) is a rare odontogenic tumor of mixed dental tissue origin. It exhibits histological features of ameloblastic fibroma and complex odontoma. AFOs are usually found to be asymptomatic and are most often discovered on routine radiography.

High Flow AV Malformation (A-V Shunt) of Mandible: A Rare Life Threatening Entity.

Intraosseous Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) in the head and neck region are very rare and potentially life threatening entities due to massive hemorrhage. These are the results of an embryonic abnormality of the vascular system. Depending on the blood flow and clinical presentations they are of different types like slow flow and high flow AVM.

Oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and their correlation to cluster of differentiation lymphocyte count in population of North-East India in highly active antiretroviral therapy era.

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection which manifests as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease involving the defects of the T-lymphocyte arm of the immune system. Certain laboratory parameters such as the cluster of differentiation (CD4) count and clinical parameters have long been used as markers of disease progression. In industrialized countries, many studies show a highly correlation between the incidence of oral lesions and immunosuppression and hence, can be used as a marker of immunosuppression.

Evaluation of myeloid cells (tumor-associated tissue eosinophils and mast cells) infiltration in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The multifunctional involvement and infiltration of myeloid cells (tumor-associated tissue eosinophils [TATE] and mast cells) can provide a unique opportunity to define relevant effectors functions that may represent novel, therapeutic options for modulation of tumor onset/growth.

Aim: Our study aimed to evaluate infiltration of myeloid cells (TATE and Mast cells) infiltration in different grades (WHO grading) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials And Methods: Total 30 cases of OSCC were selected for this study.

Cancellous osteoma of maxilla: A rare case report.

Osteoma is a slow growing benign tumor result from either cancellous or compact bone proliferation. Osteoma of the jaws may arise from the surface of the bone as a sessile mass located either peripherally or endosteally. This paper presents a rare case report of peripheral cancellous osteoma, involving the buccal cortical plate and alveolar process of the right maxilla of a 37-year-old female patient.

Multifocal Head and Neck Neurofibromas with Osseous Abnormalities and Muscular Hypoplasia in a Child with Neurofibromatosis: Type I.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a clinically and genetically distinct disease involving both neuroectodermal and mesenchymal derivatives. Orofacial manifestations in NF1 have been documented before but occurrence of multifocal intraosseous (IO) and extraosseous (EO) neurofibromas is rare. The present case highlights the importance of imaging findings in the diagnosis and management of multifocal jaw, infratemporal, and parotid neurofibromas with muscular hypoplasia in an eight-year-old girl with NF1.

Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Dental Settings: An Exploratory Survey in Bangalore City, India.

Background: Smoking and other forms of tobacco use remain the most significant worldwide public health problem. The dental practice is being identified as potential location for smoking cessation activity. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) promotes the chances of tobacco cessation, however, evidence related to prescription of the NRT in dental settings is lacking.

Prosthodontic Management in Conjunction with Speech Therapy in Cleft Lip and Palate: A Review and Case Report.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP), a congenital disturbance needs a lot of attention with respect to its rehabilitation as a person suffering from this defect can lead a normal life given with the right type of treatment at the right time. However, if a patient cannot get surgical treatment at the appropriate time either due to availability or economic constraints, it is still possible to improve their social and psychological well-being with prosthodontic rehabilitation. The literature search was carried out through PubMed and Google scholar and manual search.

Unusual mandibular condylar pathology: Aneurysmal bone cyst, a case report and review on reconstruction.

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) involving condyle are unusual clinical presentation affecting younger group of society with only 12 cases reported till today in English literature. In this case of ABC condyle following resection, reconstruction of temporomandibular joint was done by alloplastic condylar prosthesis as a primary choice. Monthly basis follow-up was done for 1-year with a successful result.

Improving Gingival Aesthetics Using Platelet Rich Fibrin and Synthetic Collagen Membrane: A Report of Two Cases.

Covering the clinically exposed root surface of a tooth has now become a routine demand of patients to improve aesthetics and also to reduce the instances of hypersensitivity. The idea behind the treatment of gingival recession is to place the gingiva as close as possible to the cement-enamel junction so that the exposed root area is covered and a normal sulcus is created. Here we present a series of two cases of gingival recession treatment in young patients affecting the maxillary anterior region.

Evaluation of Salivary Levels of Pyridinoline Cross Linked Carboxyterminal Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (ICTP) in Periodontal Health and Disease.

Background: Traditional parameters (Pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss, radiographic findings) have been used for a long time for the assessment of periodontal disease conditions. However, these parameters only indicate towards the periodontal damage that has already taken place but do not give any idea regarding the current status of the periodontal health or disease. Hence, the present study is aimed at evaluating the concentration of the bone biomarker ICTP in saliva, which can give a better real time assessment of periodontal health and disease.

Micro-tensile bond strength of different adhesive systems on sound dentin and resin-based composite: An in-vitro study.

Aim: To analyze the difference in the micro-tensile bond strength of specimens made with two different adhesive systems and compare them with two homogenous substrates.

Materials And Methods: Sixty permanent mandibular molars were mounted in acrylic blocks and sectioned with exposed dentin surfaces. Samples were then divided into four groups.

Karapandzic Flap in Reconstruction of Post-traumatic Lower Lip Defects: Report of Two Cases.

Reconstruction of lower lip is a challenge to the surgeon who seeks excellence in restoration of both aesthetics and functions. The defects may arise either due to trauma, developmental anomaly or post-excision of malignant conditions. The reconstruction of rectangular shaped full thickness defects of lip may be achieved with bilateral advancements of the remaining lip segments.

Tumour associated tissue eosinophilia as a predictor of locoregional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: The increasing global burden of oral cancer has driven much of the focus of research to the determination of reliable prognostic markers which may have significant effects on survival and the control of post-treatment morbidity. This study was undertaken to evaluate tumour associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) quantitatively in oral cancer specimens and observe for its possible association with tumour stage, patterns of locoregional recurrence and overall prognosis.

Study Design: 14 patients undergoing surgical resection for primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were subjected to grey scale ultrasonography (USG) to assess tumour dimensions.

Rhinosporidiosis presenting as an oropharyngeal mass: A clinical predicament?

Rhinosporidiosis, is a chronic granulomatous disease presenting as a polypoidal mass in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi and is endemic in India and Sri Lanka. Diagnosis is mainly by clinical observations and is confirmed by histopathology. We report a case of atypical rhinosporidiosis that presented as an oropharyngeal mass and mimicked chronic tonsillitis.

Massive granular cell ameloblastoma with dural extension and atypical morphology.

Ameloblastomas are rare histologically benign, locally aggressive tumors arising from the oral ectoderm that occasionally reach a gigantic size. Giant ameloblastomas are a rarity these days with the advent of panoramic radiography in routine dental practice. Furthermore, the granular cell variant is an uncommon histological subtype of ameloblastoma where the central stellate reticulum like cells in tumor follicles is replaced by granular cells.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of temporomandibular joint: atypical features of a rare case.

Chondrosarcoma (CS) is an uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumour showing cartilaginous differentiation which rarely presents in the jaws. CS represents 10-20% of all malignant bone tumours and less than 5% of tumours in head and neck region. Among the infrequent subtypes of CS, dedifferentiated CS is a sinister variant that presents with singular features and has extremely poor prognosis.

Spindle cell carcinoma of maxilla: Histomorphological and immunohistochemical analysis of a case.

The intriguing array of spindle cell lesions occurring, especially in the head and neck region, poses a critical diagnostic challenge not only to the histopathologist but also ultimately to the clinicians for planning an appropriate treatment protocol. Overlapping spectrum of clinico-radiographic and microscopic features further compounds this problem. In such situations, the aid of ancillary techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC) is sought to clinch the diagnosis.

An eye for a lost eye: A case of self-inflicting gunshot injury.

Maxillofacial defects due to gunshot injuries can have detrimental functional and psychological effects on the patient. These occur predominantly in young males, although all are at risk. Military, civil, accidental or self-inflicted injuries employing guns of varying caliber and ballistic properties may produce a defect or deformity which encompasses the entire spectrum of reconstructive surgery.

Gorlin syndrome with bilateral polydactyly: a rare case report.

Gorlin's syndrome is a rare disorder transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by multiple disorders involving multiple systems. We present a case of 11-year-old male child presenting with multiple odontogenic keratocyst to the dental clinic.