Improving the binding affinity of plastic degrading cutinase with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU); an in-silico study.

Plastic pollution is a worrying problem, and its degradation is a laborious process. Although enzymatic plastic breakdown is a sustainable method, drawbacks such as numerous plastic kinds of waste make the degradation challenging. Therefore, a multi-plastic degrading (MPD) enzyme becomes necessary.

Mitigating PM Induced Myocardial Metal Deposition Through Sodium Thiosulfate Resulted in Reduction of Cardiotoxicity and Physiological Recovery From Ischemia-Reperfusion via Mitochondrial Preservation.

The cardiovascular risks linked to PM include calcification in both vasculature and myocardial tissues, leading to structural changes and functional decline. Through the selection of a clinically proven endogenous agent, sodium thiosulfate (STS), capable of addressing PM related cardiac abnormalities, we not only address the absence of effective solutions to mitigate PM toxicity, but also provide evidence for the repurposing potential of STS in ameliorating PM induced cardiac damage. Female Wistar rats were exposed to PM (250 μg/m) for 3 h daily for 21 days.

Multi scale multi attention network for blood vessel segmentation in fundus images.

Precise segmentation of retinal vasculature is crucial for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of vision-threatening ailments. However, this task is challenging due to limited contextual information, variations in vessel thicknesses, the complexity of vessel structures, and the potential for confusion with lesions. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach, the MSMA Net model, which overcomes these challenges by replacing traditional convolution blocks and skip connections with an improved multi-scale squeeze and excitation block (MSSE Block) and Bottleneck residual paths (B-Res paths) with spatial attention blocks (SAB).

The temporal relationship between mitochondrial quality and renal tissue recovery following ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Growing evidence indicates that disruptions in mitochondrial quality management contribute to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI), incomplete or maladaptive kidney repair, and chronic kidney disease. However, the temporal dynamics of mitochondrial quality control alterations in relation to renal injury and its recovery remain poorly understood and are addressed in this manuscript.

Method: ology: Male Wistar rats (n = 60) were subjected to varying durations of ischemia and reperfusion.

Automated mechanical ventilator design and analysis using neural network.

Mechanical ventilation is the process through which breathing support is provided to patients who face inconvenience during respiration. During the pandemic, many people were suffering from lung disorders, which elevated the demand for mechanical ventilators. The handling of mechanical ventilators is to be done under the assistance of trained professionals and demands the selection of ideal parameters.

Bacillus spp. as microbial factories for levan and fructooligosaccharide production - Recent trends.

Levan is a fructan-type homopolysaccharide that has gained increasing attention due to its unique properties and promising applications. It is a fructose-based polymer produced through microbial fermentation by diverse microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts and archaea. The ongoing research on levan mainly focuses on optimizing production processes, elucidating its biological functions, and uncover novel applications.

Microbial-Derived Biopolymers: A Pathway to Sustainable Civil Engineering.

Modern innovations increasingly prioritize eco-friendliness, aiming to pave the way for a sustainable future. The field of civil engineering is no exception to this approach, and, in fact, it is associated with almost every sustainable development goal framed by the United Nations. Therefore, the sector has a pivotal role in achieving these goals.

Bacteria-Inspired Synthesis of Silver-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites: A Novel Synergistic Approach in Controlling Biofilm and Quorum-Sensing-Regulated Virulence Factors in .

Multidrug-resistant infections pose a critical challenge to healthcare systems, particularly in nosocomial settings. This drug-resistant bacterium forms biofilms and produces an array of virulent factors regulated by quorum sensing. In this study, metal-tolerant bacteria were isolated from a metal-contaminated site and screened for their ability to synthesize multifunctional nanocomposites (NCs).

Investigating the Binding Dynamics and Stability of Bovine Serum Albumin with Antibiotics with Acridinedione Dye.

Exploring the energetics and bimolecular interaction of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) with various classes and generations of antibiotics in the absence and presence of a resorcinol based acridinedione dye (ADR1) were carried out. The binding stability of BSA-antibiotic complexes decreases on the introduction of ADR1 dye resulting in a positive value of free energy change, accompanied with several unfavourable interactions. Several polar amino acids contributed to the stability of the host-guest complex compared to that of non-polar amino acids, wherein BSA acts as the host, and antibiotics as the guest and ADR1 dye as the competing guest molecule.

Genomic and biochemical investigations in the biomineralizing potential of an isolated marine ureolytic Bacillus sp. N₉.

Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) plays a significant role in coastal soil stabilization and erosion prevention. In the present study, the biomineralizing potential of a newly isolated Bacillus sp. N₉ was investigated through MICP.

Temporal dynamics of PM induced cell death: Emphasizing inflammation as key mediator in the late stages of prolonged myocardial toxicity.

Multiple forms of cell death contribute significantly to cardiovascular pathologies, negatively impacting cardiac remodeling and leading to heart failure. While myocardial cell death has been associated with PM induced cardiotoxicity, the temporal dynamics of various cell death forms, such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, in relation to inflammatory processes, remain underexplored. This study examines the time-dependent onset and progression of these cell death pathways in the myocardium and their correlation with inflammation in a Wistar rat model.

Therapeutic efficacy of against phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in rats.

Background & Aim: Hemolytic anemia is a blood disorder whose incidence is increasing in the world in recent years especially after the pandemic. Conventional treatments include use of steroids and immunosuppresants that are accompanied by numerous adverse effects. With growing interest in using complex multi-component formulations for multi-targeted therapy, the present study aims to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a traditional herbomineral preparation, , which has been traditionally used as a supplement in iron-deficiency anemia, against phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in rodent models.

Insights on the role of cryoprotectants in enhancing the properties of bioinks required for cryobioprinting of biological constructs.

Preservation and long-term storage of readily available cell-laden tissue-engineered products are major challenges in expanding their applications in healthcare. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the development of off-the-shelf tissue-engineered products using the cryobioprinting approach. Here, bioinks are incorporated with cryoprotective agents (CPAs) to allow the fabrication of cryopreservable tissue constructs.

Machine learning boosts wind turbine efficiency with smart failure detection and strategic placement.

The research study objective seeks to improve the efficiency of wind turbines using state-of-the-art techniques in the domain of ML, making wind energy the key player in fashioning a favorable future. Wind Turbine Health Monitoring (WTHM) is typically achieved through either vibration analysis or by using Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) data of wind turbines, wherein conventional fault pattern identification is a time-consuming, guesswork process. This work proposed an intelligent automated approach to early fault detection through the implementation of the HARO (Huber Adam Regression Optimizer) model, which combines Transformer networks with Lasso Regression and the Adam optimizer.

Preparation of thermoresponsive & enzymatically crosslinkable gelatin-gellan gum bioink: A protein-polysaccharide hydrogel for 3D bioprinting of complex soft tissues.

Developing superior bioinks present several challenges in achieving ideal properties such as biocompatibility, viscosity, degradation rates & mechanical properties which are required to make functional tissue constructs. Various attempts have been made to prepare excellent bioink compositions that are suitable to address the above challenges. Herein, a versatile combination of gelatin (GL) - gellan gum (GG) bioink was successfully formulated & the bioink 7.

Intriguing magnetic and electronic behaviors in La and Ru doped SrIrO.

We report a detailed experimental study of the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of La and Ru doped (SrLa)IrRuO(= 0.05, 0.15).

Novel biosynthesized zinc selenite photocatalysts for enhanced degradation of oxytetracycline and Rhodamine B dye with antibacterial activity.

A novel biosynthesis approach was used to develop zinc selenite (ZnSeO) catalysts from the plant extracts of Nephrolepis cordifolia (ZnSeO:NC) and Ziziphus jujube (ZnSeO:ZJ) using hydrothermal method. This study investigates the structural, morphological, and optical properties of pure and biosynthesized ZnSeO catalysts. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the presence of an orthorhombic phase in both catalyst types.

Enhanced grinding process of a cement ball mill through a generalised predictive controller integrated with a CARIMA model.

Cement ball mills in the finishing stage of the cement industries consume the highest energy in the cement manufacturing stage. Therefore, suitable controllers that result in good productivity and product quality with reduced energy consumption are required for the cement ball mill grinding process to increase the profit margins. In this study, generalised predictive controllers (GPC)have been designed for the cement ball mill grinding operation using the model obtained from the step response data taken from the industrially recognized simulator.

Enhanced human activity recognition in medical emergencies using a hybrid deep CNN and bi-directional LSTM model with wearable sensors.

Human activity recognition (HAR) is one of the most important segments of technology advancement in applications of smart devices, healthcare systems & fitness. HAR uses details from wearable sensors that capture the way human beings move or engage with their surrounding. Several researchers have thus presented different ways of modeling human motion, and some have been as follows: Many researchers have presented different methods of modeling human movements.

Polymer-siRNA nanovectors for treating lung inflammation.

Uncontrolled inflammation is the driver of numerous lung diseases. Current treatments, including corticosteroids and bronchodilators, can be effective. However, they often come with notable side effects.

Highly Sensitive Naphthalene-Based Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Molecules for the Detection of In Vitro and In Cellulo Protein Aggregates.

Newly synthesized naphthalene-based twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) molecules show 8.5- and 2.6-fold increases in fluorescence intensity upon binding with protein aggregates in comparison with the fluorescence enhancement for thioflavin T (ThT).

Mechanism to disrupt ESCRT-mediated intracellular trafficking through Vps28-small molecules interaction: an in silico approach.

The ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) machinery comprising protein complexes ESCRT-0 to ESCRT-III and Vps4 plays a pivotal role in intracellular trafficking, a process of endocytosing cell surface proteins into the cell for various biological activities. The ESCRT protein complexes are sequentially assembled which interact amongst each other to form a functional ESCRT machinery. Deregulation of these events are shown to be involved in various disease development including tumor formation and viral infections.

Generative adversarial network (GAN) model-based design of potent SARS-CoV-2 M inhibitors using the electron density of ligands and 3D binding pockets: insights from molecular docking, dynamics simulation, and MM-GBSA analysis.

Deep learning-based generative adversarial network (GAN) frameworks have recently been developed to expedite the drug discovery process. These models generate novel molecules from scratch and validate them through molecular docking simulation to identify the most promising candidates for a given drug target. In this study, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) was selected as the drug target.