Partial characterization of purified glycoprotein from nutshell of Arachis hypogea L. towards macrophage activation and leishmaniacidal activity.

Arachis hypogea L. protein fraction-2 (AHP-F2) from the Peanut shell was extracted and characterized and its potent immunomodulatory and anti-leishmanial role was determined in this present study. AHP-F2 was found to be a glycoprotein as the presence of carbohydrates were confirmed by the analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) yielded glucose, galactose, mannose, and xylose.

Monochromatic visible lights modulate the timing of pre-adult developmental traits in Drosophila melanogaster.

Light exposure impacts several aspects of Drosophila development including the establishment of circadian rhythms, neuroendocrine regulation, life-history traits, etc. Introduction of artificial lights in the environment has caused almost all animals to develop ecological and physiological adaptations. White light which comprises different lights of differing wavelengths shortens the lifespan in fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster.

Emergence of persister cells in : calculated or fortuitous move?

A stable but reversible phenotype switch from normal to persister state is advantageous to the intracellular pathogens to cause recurrent infections and to evade the host immune system. is a versatile opportunistic pathogen known to cause chronic infections with significant mortality. One of the notable features is the ability to switch to a per-sisters cell, which is found in planktonic and biofilm states.

Glycation restrains open-closed conformation of Insulin.

In hyperglycemic conditions, the level of reactive dicarbonyl metabolites concentration is found to be high, which plays a significant role in protein glycation. Despite decades of research, the effect of methylglyoxal on the structure and function of insulin is still unknown. Through a shift in conformation at the B-chain C-terminal (BT-CT) hinge from an "open" to a "wide-open" conformation, insulin binds to the receptor and activates the signal cascade.

Comprehensive screening of marine metabolites against class B1 metallo-β-lactamases of using two-pronged approach.

The emergence of antibiotic resistance is one of the major global threats in healthcare. Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL) are a class of enzymes in bacteria that cleave β-lactam antibiotics and confer resistance. MBLs are further divided into subclasses B1, B2 and B3.

Cost Analysis of a Comprehensive School Eye Screening Model from India.

Purpose: School eye screening is a crucial strategy in the elimination of childhood blindness because of its ability to reach out to children who are otherwise inaccessible to eye care needs. Comprehensive screening programs are recommended and are beneficial, but the economic aspects of such models remain to be understood. This study aimed to analyse the cost of a comprehensive school eye screening model while utilizing optometrists and optometry students.

'Targeting' the search: An upgraded structural and functional repository of antimicrobial peptides for biofilm studies (B-AMP v2.0) with a focus on biofilm protein targets.

Bacterial biofilms, often as multispecies communities, are recalcitrant to conventional antibiotics, making the treatment of biofilm infections a challenge. There is a push towards developing novel anti-biofilm approaches, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), with activity against specific biofilm targets. In previous work, we developed Biofilm-AMP, a structural and functional repository of AMPs for biofilm studies (B-AMP v1.

Influence of Gene Polymorphisms on Anemia and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Anemia is one of the predominant hematological conditions, whereas chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a predominant respiratory disease. These two diseases were found to be interlinked, but the physiological pathways are still unclear.

Aim: The current study has been aimed at analysing the genetic interrelationship between anemia and COPD in accordance with different altitudes.

Identification of small molecule modulators of class II transactivator-I using computational approaches.

Major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII), a mediator of the innate and adaptive immune system, plays a central role in regulating inflammation and its progression. Class II transactivator (CIITA) is a master regulator of MHCII expression and controls antigen presentation followed by T-cell activation. Regulation of inflammation by modulation of CIITA has been suggested as a promising intervention for several disorders, including neuroinflammation, rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.

seed pod-an efficient biosorptive candidate toward the removal of Rhodamine B from simulated wastewater: characterization, kinetics, and equilibrium approach.

This study focused on the comparative analysis of biosorption performance of seed pod toward the removal of Rhodamine B (RB) from simulated solution using native (DRSP) and chemically treated form (ADRSP). The surface morphology, structural analysis, textural properties, and thermal analysis of DRSP and ADRSP were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. FTIR analysis concluded that surface functional groups like hydroxyl -OH stretching, C-N stretching, and C = C stretching of the aromatic ring were largely responsible for the attachment of RB.

Quantification of landfill gas emissions and energy production potential in Tirupati Municipal solid waste disposal site by LandGEM mathematical model.

The present key challenges the world is currently facing are the environmental pollution, climate change and energy crisis. The anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide due to burning of fossil fuels for energy production and other greenhouse gas emissions are considered unsustainable, and whole world is having a paradigm shift towards the renewable energy. The one of the major contributor of the greenhouse gases like methane, carbon dioxide are the municipal solid waste landfill sites.

Oceanimonas sp. BPMS22-derived protein protease inhibitor induces anti-leishmanial immune responses through macrophage M2 to M1 repolarization.

The present study aimed to validate the potential of a novel serine protein protease inhibitor (PPI), purified from marine Oceanimonas sp. BPMS22, induced M2 to M1 repolarization of the macrophages to treat visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Peptide mass fingerprint of the purified trypsin digested PPI peptide was obtained using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS/MS) and the sequence was used to construct a 3D protein model by homology modelling.

Molecular insights on bioactive compounds againstCovid-19: A Network pharmacological and computational study.

Background: Network pharmacology based identification of phytochemicals in the form of cocktails against off-targets can play a significant role in inhibition of SARS_CoV2 viral entry and its propagation. This study includes network pharmacology, virtual screening, docking and molecular dynamics to investigate the distinct antiviral mechanisms of effective phytochemicals against SARS_CoV2.

Methods: SARS_CoV2 human-protein interaction network was explored from the BioGRID database and analysed using Cytoscape.

Facile fabrication of Bi-layered perfusable hydrogel tubes as biomimetic 3D arterial construct.

Small-diameter arterial conduits with native physiological and biological equivalence continues to be a constant global demand posing critical challenges in fabrication. Advent of various strategies towards mimicking the structural hierarchy of a native blood vessel, often involve complex instrumentation and template-assistance with post-processing complications eventually compromising structural fidelity. In the present research, we report a template-free, facile strategy- '3D wet writing' by peripheral-core differential ionic gelation to fabricate perfusable customizable constructs of any dimension, thickness and length in <5 mins.

Conventional optimization and characterization of microbial dextran using treated sugarcane molasses.

This study focuses the comparison on yield of microbial dextran using treated sugarcane molasses (SCM) as a feed stock from different treatment methods. The suitable method for treatment of SCM was identified on the basis of microbial dextran production. The different factors namely the concentrations of total sugars, nitrogen sources, inoculum size, shaking speed, initial medium pH, and phosphate sources influencing the production of microbial dextran were studied.

In-vivo pharmacokinetic studies of Dolutegravir loaded spray dried Chitosan nanoparticles as milk admixture for paediatrics infected with HIV.

Dolutegravir (DTG) is an antiretroviral drug approved in the year 2013, and being categorized as a BCS-II molecule, it possesses solubility issues. In order to enhance the solubility and improve its bioavailability, DTG-loaded Chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized utilizing spray drying technology. The developed nanoformulation was characterized for its physicochemical properties and investigated for the feasibility of its administration through an oral route along with milk/food as an admixture for paediatric antiretroviral therapy.

Design, dynamic docking, synthesis, and validation of a novel DNA gyrase B inhibitor.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-intermediate-resistant (VRSA) are among the WHO's high priority pathogens. Among these two, MRSA is the most globally documented pathogen that necessitates the pressing demand for new classes of anti-MRSA drugs. Bacterial gyrase targeted therapeutics are unique strategies to overcome cross-resistance as they are present only in bacteria and absent in higher eukaryotes.

Precise prediction of multiple anticancer drug efficacy using multi target regression and support vector regression analysis.

Background And Objectives: The prediction of multiple drug efficacies using machine learning prediction techniques based on clinical and molecular attributes of tumors is a new approach in the field of precision medicine of oncology. The selection of suitable and effective therapeutic drugs among the potential drugs is performed computationally considering the tumor features. In this study, we developed and validated machine learning models to predict the efficacy of five anti-cancer drugs according to the clinical and molecular attributes of 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cohorts.

Hidden agenda of lifestyle transition: planktonic to sessile state.

, a human gastrointestinal tract commensal, is known to cause nosocomial infections. Interestingly, the pathogen's host colonization and persistent infections are possibly linked to its lifestyle changes from planktonic to sessile state. Also, the multidrug resistance and survival fitness acquired in the sessile stage of has challenged treatment regimes.

Anti-glaucoma medications lowered decorin and altered profibrotic proteins in human tenon's fibroblasts.

Long term exposure to anti-glaucoma medications (AGMs) leads to an increase in extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in primary glaucoma patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of topical AGMs in primary human tenon's fibroblasts (HTFs) and analyze the expression of profibrotic and anti-fibrotic proteins. Primary HTFs were cultured from patients undergoing cataract (control) and trabeculectomy.

Biotechnological interventions in food waste treatment for obtaining value-added compounds to combat pollution.

Over the last few decades, the globe is facing tremendous effects due to the unnecessary piling of municipal solid waste among which food waste holds a greater portion. This practice not only affects the environment in terms of generating greenhouse gas emissions but when left dumped in landfills will also trigger poverty and malnutrition. This review focuses on the global trend in food waste management strategies involved in the effective utilization of food waste to produce various value-added products in a microbiology aspect, thereby diminishing the negative impacts caused by the unnecessary side effects of non-renewable energy sources.

Carbon-based adsorbents as proficient tools for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution: A state of art-review emphasizing recent progress and prospects.

Carbon-centric adsorbents (CCA) are diverse forms, from simple biochar (BC) to graphene derivatives, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and activated carbon (AC), which have been vastly explored for their removal of a plethora of pollutants, including heavy metals (HM). The prominent features of CCA are their operational attributes like extensive surface area, the occurrence of flexible surface functional groups, etc. This work offers a comprehensive examination of contemporary research on CCA for their superior metal removal aptitude and performances in simulated solutions and wastewater flows; via portraying the recent research advances as an outlook on the appliances of CACs for heavy metal adsorption for removal via distinct forms like AC, BC, Graphene oxide (GO), and CNTs.

Alterations in lifespan and sleep:wake duration under selective monochromes of visible light in Drosophila melanogaster.

Rapid technology development, exposure to gadgets, and artificial lights (with different monochromes) have disturbed our lifestyle and the circadian clock, which otherwise confers better regulation of behavioral patterns and sleep:wake cycles in most organisms including Drosophila melanogaster. We assay the effect of LD12:12 h (light:dark) monochromatic lights (violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red) on the lifespan, activity, and sleep of the D. melanogaster.

Simultaneous production and sustainable eutectic mixture based purification of narringinase with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by valorization of tofu wastewater.

The current investigation is being executed for sustainable one-pot production and purification of naringinase using natural deep eutectic solvent-based extractive fermentation. Five natural deep eutectic solvents were prepared and their physicochemical properties were determined as a function of temperature. Tofu wastewater was used as a low-cost substrate for naringinase production and simultaneous in-situ purification of the enzyme was accomplished by employing NADES.