Computational models for predicting anticancer drug efficacy: A multi linear regression analysis based on molecular, cellular and clinical data of oral squamous cell carcinoma cohort.

Background And Objectives: The computational prediction of drug responses based on the analysis of multiple clinical features of the tumor will be a novel strategy for accomplishing the long-term goal of precision medicine in oncology. The cancer patients will be benefitted if we computationally account all the tumor characteristics (data) for the selection of most effective and precise therapeutic drug. In this study, we developed and validated few computational models to predict anticancer drug efficacy based on molecular, cellular and clinical features of 31 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cohort using computational methods.

An overview of two decades of diet restriction studies using Drosophila.

Dietary restriction (DR) is a potent forerunner in aging studies capable of influencing lifespan and improving health in various model organisms even in their old age. Despite the importance of protein and carbohydrates in the diet (regulation of fecundity and body maintenance respectively), different ratio based combinations of these components has played a major role in lifespan extension studies. In spite of differences existing in dietary protocols across laboratories, diet manipulations have evolved as a major area of research in Drosophila lifespan studies, prominently shedding light on the multi-faceted process over the last two decades.

Larvicidal activity of essential oil from Vitex negundo and Vitex trifolia on dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.

Introduction: The ability of Vitex trifolia and Vitex negundo essential oils to kill Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae was evaluated.

Methods: The larvae were treated with their respective essential oils at 50-125 ppm concentration.

Results: LC50 and LC90 for V.

Evidence of nanoemulsion as an effective control measure for fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster.

Pesticide resistance is a common concern. It exerts close association with economic and health associated problems in various plants and other organisms. Several approaches have been trialled for attracting and trapping the insects and flies that are acting as vectors for transmission of communicable diseases.

Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide Preconditioning-Associated Protection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Differs in Diabetic Heart That Develops Myopathy.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is reported to be effective in the management of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury via PI3K/GSK3β pathway in normal rats. However, its efficacy against I/R in the presence of diabetic cardiomyopathy is relatively obscure. Thus, the present work aimed to find out HS-mediated cardioprotection against I/R in diabetic cardiomyopathy and to evaluate its mode of action using Langendorff isolated heart perfusion system.

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure using SSR markers and validation of a Cleavage Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS) marker involving the sodium transporter OsHKT1;5 in saline tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces.

Naturally evolved saline tolerant rice landraces found along the coastline of India are a valuable genomic resource to explore the complex, polygenic nature of salinity tolerance. In the present study, a set of 28 genome wide SSR markers, 11 salt responsive genic SSR markers and 8 Saltol QTL linked SSR markers were used to estimate genetic relatedness and population structure within a collection of 47 rice landraces (including a tolerant and 2 sensitive checks) originating from geographically divergent coastal regions of India. All three marker types identified substantial genetic variation among the landraces, as evident from their higher PIC values (0.

Insulin Treatment Forces Arteriogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus by Upregulation of the Early Growth Response-1 (Egr-1) Pathway in Mice.

The process of arteriogenesis is severely compromised in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Earlier studies have reported the importance of in promoting collateral outward remodeling. However, the role of in the presence of DM in outward vessel remodeling was not studied.

Tackling drug resistance with efflux pump inhibitors: from bacteria to cancerous cells.

Drug resistance is a serious concern in a clinical setting jeopardizing treatment for both infectious agents and cancers alike. The wide-spread emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes from bacteria to cancerous cells necessitates the need to target resistance mechanisms and prevent the emergence of resistant mutants. Drug efflux seems to be one of the preferred approaches embraced by both microbial and mammalian cells alike, to thwart the action of chemotherapeutic agents thereby leading to a drug resistant phenotype.

Chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) as diagnostics and therapeutics in parasitic infections - A review.

Early diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases are indispensable to combat parasites mediated morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Mammalian sourced antibodies are being successfully used in immunotherapy and immunoassays. However, their increased conservation amongst mammals, involves them in unnecessary interaction and immune mediated pathologies, obstructing their applications in certain approaches in immunoassays.

Performance assessment of variant calling pipelines using human whole exome sequencing and simulated data.

Background: Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a cost-effective method that identifies clinical variants but it demands accurate variant caller tools. Currently available tools have variable accuracy in predicting specific clinical variants. But it may be possible to find the best combination of aligner-variant caller tools for detecting accurate single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertion and deletion (InDels) separately.

Evidence of dietary protein restriction regulating pupation height, development time and lifespan in .

Fitness and behavioral traits are optimized according to the rearing environment to ensure survival of most organisms including fruit flies Fruit flies are known to uphold various trade-offs in their lifespan, development time, fecundity, etc., to confer better survival in the particular exposed environment. The diet of plays a major role between larval and adult fitness or fitness related traits; its role in the regulation of correlations between pupation height, pre-adult development and adult fitness has not been studied empirically.

Computational modeling of novel inhibitory peptides targeting proteoglycan like region of carbonic anhydrase IX and validation in HeLa cells.

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a tumour-associated, hypoxia-induced, membrane-bound metallo-enzyme which catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (CO) to bicarbonate (HCO) and proton (H) ions. Over expression of CAIX is observed in cancers of colon, lung, kidney, breast, etc. CAIX plays a vital role in maintaining favourable intracellular pH for tumour cell growth and extracellular acidification which in-turn leads to drug resistance and spread of factors influencing tumour invasion.

Correction to: India: Intruder Node Detection and Isolation Action in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Feature Optimization and Classification Approach.

The article India: Intruder Node Detection and Isolation Action in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Feature Optimization and Classification Approach, written by T. Kavitha, K. Geetha and R.

NiO Nanoflower Modified Cotton Fabric for UV Filter and Gas Sensing Applications.

Integration of multifunctional nanomaterials with textiles could be a significant value addition to the bright future of the growing technology "Technical Textiles". Development of textiles with antielectromagnetic radiation and in particular antiultraviolet features could be one of the best solutions to the ozone depletion induced ultraviolet pollution of the environment, which is a major concern in the context of surging skin cancer cases. In this background, multifunctional nanoflower structured partial hydroxide nickel oxide (NiO ) was grown on cotton fabric using a chemical bath deposition technique for the development of UV filter and flexible gas/chemical sensor.

India: Intruder Node Detection and Isolation Action in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Feature Optimization and Classification Approach.

Due to lack of a central bureaucrat in mobile ad hoc networks, the security of the network becomes serious issue. During malicious attacks, according to the motivation of intruder the severity of the threat varies. It may lead to loss of data, energy or throughput.

Biogenic phytochemicals (cassinopin and isoquercetin) capped copper nanoparticles (ISQ/CAS@CuNPs) inhibits MRSA biofilms.

Purified glycosides, Isoquercetin and Cassinopin from Crotalaria candicans were selected for the synthesis of biogenic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs).The designed biogenic CuNPs was characterized and when evaluated against panel of gram negative and positive bacteria, the biogenic CuNPs were found to be more effective against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Antibacterial, anti-biofilm effects and time kill studies confirmed the ability of biogenic CuNPs to curtail MRSA.

Role of N-glycan in the structural changes of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and its complex with an antibody.

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is found on the external surface of the myelin sheath and plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. It was observed that the protein MOG acts as an autoantigen and results in demyelination. The cause for the sudden change of protein to be autoantigen is still unclear.

Detection of Proteins Associated with Extracellular Matrix Regulation in the Aqueous Humour of Patients with Primary Glaucoma.

: The protein composition of aqueous humour (AH) has held significant relevance and remains to be the prime sample in the discovery of biomarkers in glaucoma. The purpose of this study is to analyze the AH protein concentrations in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and further examine the proteome changes compared to cataract control. : AH was collected from 90 POAG, 72 PACG, 78 cataracts (controls) in this study.

Role of VEGF/VEGF ratio in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Proper vascular function is important for well-being of mother and growing fetus. VEGF, and VEGF levels and its vascular endothelial complications in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) together with the association of inflammation and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are less studied. VEGF/VEGF (VEGF RATIO) in GDM pregnant women was investigated in this study.

Sub lethal levels of platinum nanoparticle cures plasmid and in combination with carbapenem, curtails carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli.

Drug resistance traits are rapidly disseminated across bacteria by horizontal gene transfer, especially through plasmids. Plasmid curing agents that are active both in vitro and in vivo will resensitize Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria to antimicrobial agents. Pectin capped platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) at sub MIC (20 µM) concentration was effective, in causing loss of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) harboring plasmid as evidenced by, absence of plasmid in agarose gel and by a concomitant (16-64 fold) drop in MIC for cell wall inhibitors ceftriaxone and meropenem, in carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli (CREC).

A review on squat-assist devices to aid elderly with lower limb difficulties in toileting to tackle constipation.

Constipation is an important issue that has impact on quality of life and health expenses of the elderly. It may lead to many other gastrointestinal disorders like colon cancer, haemorrhoids, anal fissures and so on. Squatting is considered to be the natural, traditional and most widely followed posture for defecation and hence, it is one of the practical solutions for avoiding constipation.

Genome-wide analysis reveals miR-3184-5p and miR-181c-3p as a critical regulator for adipocytes-associated breast cancer.

Obesity is considered as an independent risk factor for breast cancer (BCa) and plays a major role in the breast tumor microenvironment. The etiology and mechanisms by which obesity contributes to BCa development is not yet understood. Herein, we show that in vitro coculture of BCa cells with mature adipocytes (MA-BCa) increased proliferation, migration, and invasive phenotype of BCa cells.

Emerging paradigms in nanotechnology for imaging and treatment of cerebral ischemia.

Cerebral ischemia is a deadly condition that arises due to blockage of the blood vessels in the brain leading to oxygen deficiency thereby arresting brain functions and resulting in death or permanent impairment. Though a myriad of factors has been proposed to cause cerebral ischemia, it has been generally regarded as an old age-associated malady. However, unhealthy diet, stressful lifestyle and deteriorating environment quality has dramatically reduced the age on onset as well as the number of victims in recent years.

Hyperglycaemia cause vascular inflammation through advanced glycation end products/early growth response-1 axis in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Hyperglycaemia during pregnancy is the main reason for developing diabetes mediated vascular complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed due to non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids during hyperglycaemia. It has the potential to damage vasculature by modifying the substrate or by means of AGEs and receptor of AGE (RAGE) interaction.