Lower extremity arterial disease perspective: IUA consensus document on "lead management". Part 1.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is defined as coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, or lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) also named peripheral arterial disease (PAD). ASCVD is considered to be of atherosclerotic origin and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality mainly for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this consensus document of the International Union of Angiology the authors discuss epidemiology, risk factors, primary and secondary prophylaxis, the correlation between diabetes mellitus and LEAD, conservative and surgical treatment.

Comprehensive management of anterior drooling: An International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) consensus statement.

Objective: To provide guidance for the comprehensive management of children referred for anterior drooling. The mission of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) is to develop expertise-based recommendations for the management of pediatric otolaryngologic disorders with the goal of improving patient care.

Methods: Survey of expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group: Consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of non-tuberculous mycobacterial cervicofacial lymphadenitis.

Introduction: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection commonly manifests as subacute or chronic cervicofacial lymphadenitis in immunocompetent children. The optimal management of this pathology remains controversial.

Objectives: This international consensus guideline aims to understand the practice patterns for NTM cervicofacial lymphadenitis and to address the primary diagnostic and management challenges.

Low-Dose Intratympanic Gentamicin for Unilateral Ménière's Disease: Accuracy of Early Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Gain Reduction in Predicting Long-Term Clinical Outcome.

Background: The number of intratympanic gentamicin (ITG) injections needed to achieve vertigo control in patients with intractable Ménière's disease (MD) may vary from a single dose to several instillations. Changes in different vestibular test results have been used to define an endpoint of treatment, including the decrease of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain elicited by the head-impulse test.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of the VOR gain reduction after horizontal canal stimulation, as measured with the video head-impulse test (vHIT) 1 month after the first intratympanic injection, in predicting the need for one or more instillations to control vertigo spells in the long term.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) management recommendations: Pediatric tracheostomy decannulation.

Objectives: To provide recommendations to otolaryngologists, pulmonologists, and allied clinicians for tracheostomy decannulation in pediatric patients.

Methods: An iterative questionnaire was used to establish expert recommendations by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group.

Results: Twenty-six members completed the survey.

Preoperative localisation techniques in breast conservative surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The preoperative localisation of non-palpable lesions guided by breast imaging is an important and required procedure for breast-conserving surgery. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the comparative impact of different techniques for guided surgical excision of non-palpable breast lesions from reports of clinical or patient-reported outcomes and costs. A literature search of PubMed, ISI, SCOPUS and Cochrane databases was conducted for relevant publications and their references, along with public documents, national and international guidelines, conference proceedings and presentations.

Method development for the determination of Synthetic Musks and Organophosphorus Pesticides in Human Adipose Tissue.

Synthetic musks and organophosphorus pesticides represent a potential risk to the human health since exposure can lead to distinct types of carcinogenesis and endocrine disorders. These are lipophilic compounds as such, prone to deposit and persist in fat tissues, mainly in adipose tissue. Very few studies have reported on the occurrence and accumulation profile of these contaminants in human adipose tissue.

Diagnosis, treatment, and work impact of iron deficiency anemia in a Portuguese urban community.

Introduction: Little is known about iron deficiency anemia (IDA)'s treatment in Portugal. We aim to estimate the proportion of anemia, IDA, and iron deficiency without anemia; characterize the diagnostic procedures and prescription patterns; assess anemia's impact over work absenteeism, in a Local Health Unit.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated complete blood counts, iron-containing prescriptions, comorbidities, economic failure, and disability certificates issued in 2015 at the Local Health Unit.

Differences for T-Cell Subtypes in Aspiration Biopsies of Patients With Kidney Transplant Under Polyclonal and Monoclonal Immunosuppressive Treatments.

Thymoglobulin, or antithymocyte globulin (ATG), and anti-interleukin 2α (IL-2α) chain receptor antibody (IL-2αRAb) achieve comparable good results in kidney transplantation notwithstanding different actions on immune cells. Previously, we reported the usefulness of flow cytometry (FC) analysis of lymphocyte subsets present in peripheral blood sample (PBL) and fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) for clinical surveillance, as, FC reaches very high predictive positive values for acute rejection diagnosis. Now we report an FC study on 2 kidney transplantation (KT) groups under ATG (n = 19) and IL-2αRAb (n = 24) treatment.

Cationic Surfactants: Self-Assembly, Structure-Activity Correlation and Their Biological Applications.

The development of biotechnological protocols based on cationic surfactants is a modern trend focusing on the fabrication of antimicrobial and bioimaging agents, supramolecular catalysts, stabilizers of nanoparticles, and especially drug and gene nanocarriers. The main emphasis given to the design of novel ecologically friendly and biocompatible cationic surfactants makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks of nanoformulations preventing their entry to clinical trials. To solve the problem of toxicity various ways are proposed, including the use of mixed composition with nontoxic nonionic surfactants and/or hydrotropic agents, design of amphiphilic compounds bearing natural or cleavable fragments.

Myasthenia gravis: State of the art and new therapeutic strategies.

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) - an autoimmune neuromuscular disease - is known by the production of autoantibodies against components of the neuromuscular junction mainly to the acetylcholine receptor, which cause the destruction and compromises the synaptic transmission. This disease is characterized by fluctuating and fatigable muscle weakness, becoming more intensive with activity, but with an improvement under resting. There are many therapeutic strategies used to alleviate MG symptoms, either by improving the transmission of the nerve impulse or by ameliorating autoimmune reactions with e.

Pulmonary Sequestration Supplied By The Circumflex Artery - A Rare Case Report.

Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital malformation, even more when its arterial supply is a coronary artery. We present a case of a 68-year-old man admitted in the emergency room with an acute coronary syndrome and no evidence of significant coronary disease. Instead, he had an abnormal branch from the circumflex coronary artery nourishing a mass in the left lower pulmonary lobe.

Learner's perception, knowledge and behaviour assessment within a breast imaging E-Learning course for radiographers.

Purpose: E-learning has been revealed as an a useful tool among continuing education within health professionals, namely for radiographers or radiologic technologists. Therefore like traditional learning, this teaching approach needs continuous evaluation in order to validate its effectiveness and impact. Kirkpatrick's model has been widely used for this purpose by health information management instructors.

Gentamicin delivery to the inner ear: Does endolymphatic hydrops matter?

Introduction: Middle ear application of gentamicin is a common medical treatment for uncontrolled Ménière's disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of endolymphatic hydrops on inner ear delivery.

Methods: Perilymph gentamicin concentrations and correlation with endolymphatic hydrops in an animal model were assessed.

Internal iliac artery preservation strategies in the endovascular treatment of aortoiliac aneurysms.

Introduction: Common iliac aneurysms are present in up to 40% of abdominal aortic aneurysms and frequently impair distal landing zones for endovascular aneurysm repair. Several techniques have been developed in order to overcome these issues, with different applications and conflicting results. Although long-term outcomes of hypogastric exclusion are favorable, the risks of pelvic ischemia and morbidity rates are high.

Supraglottoplasty in children with laryngomalacia: A review and parents' appraisal.

Purpose: To assess the parents' perspective concerning the children's clinical picture before and after supraglottoplasty for the treatment of laryngomalacia (LM).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study in 110 children diagnosed with LM followed at the Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinics of S. João Hospital Center, between 2008 and 2016.

Swimming pool exposure is associated with autonomic changes and increased airway reactivity to a beta-2 agonist in school aged children: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Endurance swimming exercises coupled to disinfection by-products exposure has been associated with increased airways dysfunction and neurogenic inflammation in elite swimmers. However, the impact of swimming pool exposure at a recreational level on autonomic activity has never been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how swimming pool attendance is influencing lung and autonomic function in school-aged children.

Is Low-Dose Radiation Exposure a Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Disease?

Nontargeted late effects of radiation include an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, although this is still debatable in the context of low-dose radiation. Tinea capitis patients treated in childhood with X rays to induce scalp epilation received a low dose of radiation to their carotids. To better clarify this issue, we evaluated carotid atherosclerosis in a cohort of such patients treated in 1950-1963 in Portugal.

Spinal cord injury in endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: prevalence, risk factors and preventive strategies.

Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms are among the most challenging pathologic conditions vascular surgeons have to face. Endovascular treatment brought the prospect of being able to treat these complex aneurysms with less invasiveness and recent outcomes already challenge those of open repair. Plus, this technique offers a therapeutic option for patients who had none, due to significant comorbidities limiting open repair.

Azithromycin and metronidazole versus metronidazole-based therapy for the induction of remission in mild to moderate paediatric Crohn's disease : a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis associated with dysbiosis and presence of pathobionts in the lumen, intracellular compartments and epithelial biofilms. Azithromycin is active in all three compartments. Our goal was to evaluate if azithromycin-based therapy can improve response and induce remission compared with metronidazole alone in paediatric CD.

Instrumental head impulse test changes after intratympanic gentamicin for unilateral definite Ménière's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate how much could intratympanic gentamicin (ITG) interfere with the vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) parameters on instrumental head impulse test (HIT), either with scleral search coil or video head impulse test and, eventually, foresee the control of vertigo crisis in unilateral intractable Ménière's disease (MD).

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane search engines. The search terms used were "vestibular ocular reflex", "head impulse test", "gentamicin," and "Meniere's disease".

Subarachnoid space diameter in chromosomally abnormal fetuses at 11-13 weeks' gestation.

Objectives: To examine the subarachnoid space diameters in chromosomally abnormal fetuses at 11-13 weeks' gestation.

Methods: Stored three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound volumes of the fetal head at 11-13 weeks' gestation from 407 euploid and 88 chromosomally abnormal fetuses (trisomy 21, n = 40; trisomy 18, n = 19; trisomy 13, n = 7; triploidy, n = 14; Turner syndrome, n = 8) were analyzed. The subarachnoid space diameters, measured in the sagittal and transverse planes of the fetal head, in relation to biparietal diameter (BPD) in each group of aneuploidies was compared to that in euploid fetuses.

Effect of clinical information and previous exam execution on observer agreement and reliability in the analysis of hysteroscopic video-recordings.

Introduction: Inter-observer agreement and reliability in hysteroscopic image assessment remain uncertain and the type of factors that may influence it has only been studied in relation to the experience of hysteroscopists. We aim to assess the effect of clinical information and previous exam execution on observer agreement and reliability in the analysis of hysteroscopic video-recordings.

Materials And Methods: Ninety hysteroscopies were video-recorded and randomized into a group without (Group 1) and with clinical information (Group 2).