Tethered cord syndrome in adolescents: Report of two cases and review of literature.

The symptoms of tethered cord syndrome (TCS) cases mostly appear during infancy and childhood. Though the adolescent presentation of TCS is well-recognized, it continues to pose significant diagnostic and management controversies. In this report, we describe two cases of adolescent onset TCS associated with two different etiologies.

Spontaneous extrusion of peritoneal catheter of ventriculoperitoneal shunt through the intact abdominal wall: Report of two cases.

Among the various complications associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) surgery, migration of the peritoneal catheter is one of the rarest complications. We report two cases of spontaneous extrusion of the peritoneal portion of the VPS through the intact abdominal wall at an area unrelated to the surgical incision. Both were conscious and had no neurological deficits.

Intracerebral pial arteriovenous fistula with large venous varix: A rare case report.

Background: Intracerebral pial arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare vascular lesions of the brain. These lesions are composed of one or more direct arterial connection to a single venous channel without true intervening nidus and usually have associated venous varix or giant venous aneurysms. Intracerebral varices are occasionally associated with high-flow AVF, and usually treated by interrupting the feeding arteries leaving the varices intact.

Placental malaria prevalence of infestation amongst febrile pregnant women in central India: maternal and perinatal outcome.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and impact of placental malaria on maternal and fetal outcome.

Design: Cross sectional observational.

Setting: The Department of Obstetrics of Government NSCB Medical College Hospital, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh).

Complete heart block in a neutropenic patient with aspergillosis: An unusual adverse effect of caspofungins.

We present a case of complete heart block (CHB) in a 58-year-old female patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with no past history of cardiac disease, who received caspofungin in the treatment of disseminated fungal infection. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CHB associated with caspofungins. Subsequent to induction chemotherapy the patient developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with sudden tachypnea, dyspnoea, fever, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and acute respiratory insufficiency consequent to neutropenia with ANC<500.

Prevalence of inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, nuclear factor-κB, and adiponectin) in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without macrovascular complications.

Background: Atherosclerosis is more prevalent in subjects with diabetes mellitus. Recent evidence suggests that diabetic atherosclerosis is not simply a disease of hyperlipidemia, but is also an inflammatory disorder. Our aim was to study the prevalence of inflammatory markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), adiponectin, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without macrovascular disease (MVD).

Large intradural craniospinal arachnoid cyst: A case report and review of literature.

Presence of an arachnoid cyst at craniospinal junction is not very common. This is a very rare anatomic site, with only seven other cases reported in the literature. We report a case of large intradural craniospinal arachnoid cyst presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus and cranial nerve palsy.

Beta-cell function and insulin resistance in pregnancy and their relation to fetal development.

Background: Insulin resistance in pregnancy is consequent to the physiological adaptation necessary to provide glucose to the growing fetus. Disturbance in the maternal metabolism can induce structural and functional adaptations during fetal development.

Methods: Pregnant women with duration of conception between 24 and 28 weeks were assessed for insulin resistance (IR) and beta-cell function by using homeostatic model assessment IR (HOMA-IR) and homeostatic model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) models, respectively.

Insulin resistance and beta cell function as prognostic indicator in multi-organ dysfunction syndrome.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major factor in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Critically ill patients with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), diagnosed as per modified Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (modified APACHE II) score criteria and admitted to the medical ward in our hospital, were assessed for IR and beta cell function by using the homeostasis model assessment A (HOMA-A) and HOMA-B models, respectively. Of 80 consecutive patients, 60 were followed up to day 7; 16 patients died and 4 did not agree to follow up.

Effect of metformin in asian Indian women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Background: This study was conducted to study the therapeutic benefits of metformin and to determine the correction of insulin resistance on 25 patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.C.B.

Unusual foreign body in throat.

Live fish in throat is a rare foreign body. Here we present two such cases. The foreign body were removed under general anaesthesia and nutrition was maintained by Nasogastric tube for few days.

Role of duodenal bile crystal analysis in idiopathic pancreatitis.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to find out the incidence and clinical use of duodenal bile crystal analysis in patients presenting with idiopathic pancreatitis.

Materials And Methods: Sixty consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis were studied. They were divided into two subgroups (known and unknown causes).

Serum lipid profile in women using levonorgestrel contraceptive implant, Norplant-2.

Cholesterol content of major lipoprotein fractions along with total cholesterol (Tc) and triglyceride (Tg) were measured in 65 samples from 35 women using levonorgestrel contraceptive implant, Norplant-2 from the third month of implantation until the end of second year along with twenty-five healthy controls. There were significant decreases in all the fractional lipid values, Tc and Tg, up to the sixth month followed by a gradual rise of all lipid parameters except HDLc which remained much below the control level. Interestingly, VLDLc exhibited a significant rise at the end of the second year.