Optimal Ways of Safflower Oil Production with Improvement of Press Equipment.

This study aims to improve press equipment for safflower oil production by using a mechanism that optimizes pressure distribution within screw turns. A detailed analysis of the main components of the produced safflower oil was performed, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative assessments. Through the exploration of dependencies governing the safflower oil pressing process on the screw press, the optimal parameters were determined.

Fish and Seafood Safety: Human Exposure to Toxic Metals from the Aquatic Environment and Fish in Central Asia.

Toxic metals that are released into aquatic environments from natural and anthropogenic sources are absorbed by aquatic organisms and may threaten the health of both aquatic organisms and humans. Despite this, there have been limited studies on the metal concentrations in fish and humans in Central Asia. This study summarizes the presence of the toxic metals arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in aquatic bodies, fish, and seafood products and conducts a risk assessment.

RNA-Seq explores the functional role of the fibroblast growth factor 10 gene in bovine adipocytes differentiation.

Objective: The present study was executed to explore the molecular mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) gene in bovine adipogenesis.

Methods: The bovine FGF10 gene was overexpressed through Ad-FGF10 or inhibited through siFGF10 and their negative control (NC) in bovine adipocytes, and the multiplicity of infection, transfection efficiency, interference efficiency were evaluated through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and fluorescence microscopy. The lipid droplets, triglycerides (TG) content and the expression levels of adipogenic marker genes were measured during preadipocytes differentiation.

Mining novel genomic regions and candidate genes of heading and flowering dates in bread wheat by SNP- and haplotype-based GWAS.

Unlabelled: Bread wheat ( L.) is a global staple crop vital for human nutrition. Heading date (HD) and flowering date (FD) are critical traits influencing wheat growth, development, and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions.

Bovine hypodermosis is highly prevalent in Kazakhstan: Results of a first serological study.

Background And Aim: Recent information on the occurrence of bovine hypodermosis in Kazakhstan is limited to the results of a few clinical studies in the northern and eastern regions. A first serological study aimed to obtain more data on its geographical distribution and to estimate the prevalence in this country.

Material And Methods: Serum samples collected from 891 dairy cows on 30 dairy farms in eight Kazakh provinces during the winter season 2015/2016 were examined for antibodies to spp.

First report of stem rot of Adenium obesum and leaf spot of Persea americana caused by Aspergillus niger in Kazakhstan.

Adenium (Adenium obesum) and avocado (Persea americana) are commonly grown as exotic houseplants in city apartments of Kazakhstan. In April-May 2020, the wilting symptom was observed on the young stems of five 2-year-old A. obesum plants in a city apartment in Saryarqa District, Astana, Kazakhstan (71°25'E, 51°11'N).

Expression of recombinant Omp18 and MOMP of and the determination of their suitability as antigens for serological diagnosis of campylobacteriosis in animals.

Background And Aim: Campylobacteriosis causes gastrointestinal tract lesions in adults and children and may result in severe complications. The primary sources of infection are infected animals and animal products. Immunochemical methods effectively diagnose intestinal infections but require highly specific antigens to detect their antibodies.

Effect of thioredoxin on the immunogenicity of the recombinant P32 protein of lumpy skin disease virus.

Background And Aim: The rapid spread of lumpy skin disease (LSD) globally poses a serious threat to the agricultural sector. The timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease is crucial to control LSD. This study aimed to determine the effect of thioredoxin on the immunogenicity of the recombinant P32 (rP32) protein of LSD virus (LSDV).

Obtaining of Recombinant Camel Chymosin and Testing Its Milk-Clotting Activity on Cow's, Goat's, Ewes', Camel's and Mare's Milk.

In the cheese-making industry, commonly chymosin is used as the main milk-clotting enzyme. Bactrian camel () chymosin (BacChym) has a milk-clotting activity higher than that of calf chymosin for cow's, goat's, ewes', mare's and camel's milk. A procedure for obtaining milk-clotting reagent based on recombinant camel chymosin is proposed here.

Height to first pod: A review of genetic and breeding approaches to improve combine harvesting in legume crops.

Height from soil at the base of plant to the first pod (HFP) is an important trait for mechanical harvesting of legume crops. To minimise the loss of pods, the HFP must be higher than that of the blades of most combine harvesters. Here, we review the genetic control, morphology, and variability of HFP in legumes and attempt to unravel the diverse terminology for this trait in the literature.

Genetic Characterization of Spring Wheat Germplasm for Macro-, Microelements and Trace Metals.

Wheat as a staple food crop is the main source of micro- and macronutrients for most people of the world and is recognized as an attractive crop for biofortification. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of genomic regions governing grain micro- and macroelements concentrations in a panel of 135 diverse wheat accessions through a genome-wide association study. The genetic diversity panel was genotyped using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method and phenotyped in two environments during 2017−2018.

Self-reported consumption frequency of meat and fish products among young adults in Kazakhstan.

Meat and dairy products are important ingredients in Kazakhstan, although there are indications that high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with a risk of several non-communicable diseases and has an adverse impact on the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of young adults in Kazakhstan, particularly meat and fish consumption frequency among university students in five regions of Kazakhstan. The assessment of meat and fish consumption was based on the food frequency questionnaire.

Treated livestock wastewater influence on soil quality and possibilities of crop irrigation.

This work aims to investigate how livestock wastewater irrigation affects the quality and agricultural potential of soil. The experiments took place in 2019 on a research station with an area of 10 ha (Moscow region, Russian Federation), divided into two even sites of 5 ha (control, experimental). Eleven germination experiments were carried out to determine the influence of livestock wastewater irrigation on radish seeds (1 - control; 10 - irrigation with liquid and solid phases of wastewater samples mixed with pure water).

Bioinformatics and genetic variants analysis of gene promoter with their association at carcass quality and body measurement traits in Qinchuan beef cattle.

The () gene regulates adipogenesis and myogensis. In this study, sequencing of prompter region identified three SNPs at loci g.78G > A, g.

First Record of Alternaria alternata causing necrosis of Thuja (Thuja occidentalis) in Kazakhstan.

Thuja is one of the ornamental plants used for landscaping parks and health resorts. The plant is distinguished by a pyramidal and conical crown shape and the presence of many thin branches with scale-shaped needles, green all year round. In addition, this plant has a number of antimicrobial properties, which affects the popularity of the plant in landscaping the health resort territory (Bakht et al.

Fiber-Optic System for Monitoring Pressure Changes on Mine Support Elements.

The paper presents the developed fiber-optic sensors for monitoring pressure measurement on the elements of mine supports. The sudden destruction of the support leads to the collapse of the mine workings and poses a serious threat to the life and safety of underground workers. A fiber-optic system for monitoring changes in pressures on the elements of mine supports will increase the share of mining automation and reduce the share of manual labor, as well as eliminate measurement errors associated with the human factor.

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Leaf Rust and Stem Rust Seedling Resistance in Bread Wheat Using a Genome-Wide Association Study.

In recent years, leaf rust (LR) and stem rust (SR) have become a serious threat to bread wheat production in Kazakhstan. Most local cultivars are susceptible to these rusts, which has affected their yield and quality. The development of new cultivars with high productivity and LR and SR disease resistance, including using marker-assisted selection, is becoming an important priority in local breeding projects.

Indicators of full value feeding rations for dairy cows.

This article presents the results of the level of feeding and the health status of dairy cows in a commercial dairy farm on the content of the main components in milk (fat, protein, urea). The aim of the research was to study the milk productivity and composition of milk of cows, to analyze the level of feeding and the content of basic nutrients in the diet of the farm. The farm breeds purebred Holstein cattle with a high genetic potential for productivity.

Diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of physiological and pathological conditions of the uterus in cows postpartum.

Objective: An important task of veterinarians in cattle husbandry is the early diagnosis of postpartum complications that can lead to infertility. The aim of the study was the evaluation of a new device to distinguish between physiological and pathological conditions of the uterus based on the determination of the time of uterine involution and the physicochemical properties of the vaginal discharge (lochia) during the first weeks after parturition.

Material And Methods: A total of 173 black-and-white Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were examined for any pathological alteration of the uterine involution on days 1-2, 6-8, 11-14 postpartum and, in case of pathological findings, additionally on days 18-22, 23-27 and 28-30 after parturition.

Analytical methods for determining the peroxide value of edible oils: A mini-review.

Edible oils are prone to oxidation during processing and storage that may negatively affect the oil quality and human health. Determining the peroxide value (PV) of edible oils is essential because PV is one of the most typically used quality parameters to monitor lipid oxidation and control oil quality. Many approaches have been developed to determine the PV of oils.

Association of bovine uterine involution disturbances with serum neuropeptide concentrations.

Background And Aim: Puerperal diseases influence fertility and should be diagnosed as soon as possible. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of serum concentrations of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and interleukin (IL)1β in the early diagnosis of uterine involution disturbances.

Materials And Methods: Blood serum samples of 86 dairy cows from six different farms were harvested within the first 20 days after calving from cows with uterine involution disturbances and healthy controls, respectively.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Potential Commercial Biocellulose Producer, Strain Komagataeibacter europaeus GH1.

In this work, we present the draft genome sequence of strain GH1, which is an extremely efficient biocellulose producer.