Assessment of the Efficacy of Circulating Tumor Cells by Liquid Biopsy in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Tumor Behavior of Gliomas: A Systematic Review.

In the realm of glioma management, the ability to accurately diagnose and predict tumor behavior remains a formidable task. Emerging as a beacon of hope, liquid biopsy (LB), with its potential to detect circulating tumor (CT) cells, offers a novel and promising avenue for addressing these challenges. This systematic review delves into the effectiveness of LB in transforming the landscape of glioma analysis as well as prognosis, shedding light on its clinical significance and implications.

Assessing the Effect of the Anti-tuberculosis Drug Rifampicin on Known Hypertensive Patients With Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Center.

Background Epidemiological evidence suggests an indirect link between hypertension and tuberculosis, and several studies have reported that rifampicin has potentially diminished the hypotensive effects of many anti-hypertensive agents by inducing cytochrome P450. This study investigates rifampicin's effect on the target blood pressure in known hypertensive patients whose blood pressure had been previously controlled with anti-hypertensive drugs. Methodology This prospective observational study was conducted at the Institute of Internal Medicine, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, from June 2021 to December 2022.

Clinical Profile, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Prospective Indian Study.

Objectives To determine the clinical profile, management and outcomes in patients of ectopic pregnancy (EP) presenting to the hospital. Methods A prospective observational study was done on 75 women with ectopic pregnancy among a total of 1350 women who attended the Gynecology department over a period of 18 months from December 2020 until June 2022. The details of patients such as age, socioeconomic status, referral, symptoms, obstetric history, and signs and symptoms were recorded.

Anthropometric Measurements in Newborns: A Comparative Study of Infants Born to Mothers With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objective Fetal growth can be affected by maternal PCOS and may have an impact on offspring and childhood growth. The current findings across studies are divergent and controversial. This study aims to determine whether maternal PCOS can affect the physical measurements of newborns and to establish the differences in birth weight, length, head, and chest circumference between newborns of mothers with polycystic ovarian syndrome and those of mothers without polycystic ovarian syndrome.

An Invitro Chewing Simulation Study Comparing the Wear Resistance Behavior of Polyetheretherketone-Layered Composite Crown and Ceramic-Layered Zirconia Crown.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the wear resistance and color stability of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated using two different materials: zirconia veneered with feldspathic porcelain and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) veneered with indirect composite. The assessment included samples subjected to thermocycling and wear simulation.

Methods: Two groups of FDPs were examined: one made of zirconia veneered with feldspathic porcelain (control and thermocycled) and the other made of PEEK veneered with indirect composite (worn and thermocycled).

Green Synthesis of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles With Rosemary and Ginger and Their Bactericidal Action Against Staphylococcus aureus.

Introduction: Titanium oxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) have significantly proved to be highly useful in restorative materials, dental adhesives, sealants, cements, and other dental applications to prevent microbial colonization and reduce the risk of infections. The present study was aimed at developing a dental material with antibacterial properties by combining titanium oxide NPs using ginger and rosemary extracts.

Materials And Methods: The formulation was prepared using rosemary and ginger, mediated by TiO NPs.

Empathic Accuracy Task: Indian Adaptation and Validation.

Background: The Empathic Accuracy Task (EAT) is an objective measure to assess empathic accuracy. Due to the variability in the number and linked emotions of the narrated events, we adapted EAT for the Indian sociocultural setting as Indian EAT (I-EAT).

Methods: Eight videos were adapted in three languages (English, Hindi, and Kannada), narrating emotional events with a uniform representation of age groups, different emotions, and sex.

Pheochromocytoma: Clinical Experience From a Single Tertiary Care Center in India.

Introduction: Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-secreting tumor arising from adrenomedullary chromaffin cells that has a varied clinical presentation. Identification of this tumor, which has episodic symptoms, is a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. Diagnosis at an appropriate time is important because it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Association of Serum Cystatin C Level With Carotid Arterial Wall Elastic Resistance as a Potential Marker for Detection of Early Stage Atherosclerosis.

Background: Early diagnosis of atherosclerosis is exigent in patients with known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. During the initial phases of atherosclerosis, appearance of plaques can be detected by the ultrasonic phased tracking method which measures the arterial wall elasticity. However, reliable and easily available biochemical markers are not evaluated in the diagnosis of early-stage atherosclerosis.

Morphometric Study and Branching Patterns of External Carotid Artery Using Computed Tomography Angiography Among the South Indian Population: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The prime source of vascularization to the head and neck region is through the carotid arteries. The terminal branches of common carotid arteries, such as external carotid artery (ECA) and internal carotid artery (ICA), and their branches are crucial due to the wide area of distribution and variations in their branching pattern. The branching pattern and morphometry are essential for surgeons in the planning and execution of head and neck surgeries.

Molecular docking and dynamics supported investigation of antiviral activity of Lichen metabolites of : an study.

Lichens are symbiotic organisms that have been traditionally used for treating different kinds of ailments. As there are only a few reports on the antiviral activity of lichens, we thought of evaluating the anti-Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) activity of methanolic extract of and their isolated compounds. Fractionation of crude methanolic extract of by column chromatography isolated two pure compounds.

Risk factors associated with COVID-19 in systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from a longitudinal prospective cohort.

Introduction: Patients with SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) have a higher risk of infection due to dysregulated immune system as well as long-term use of immunosuppressants (IS). This could influence the risk of COVID-19 and its outcome.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal prospective study across 15 rheumatology centres during the first wave of the pandemic to understand the risk factors contributing to COVID-19 in SLE patients.

Extracranial schwannoma of the maxillary nerve misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia in an elderly patient with schizophrenia - A diagnostic dilemma.

The present paper discusses the diagnostic challenges we faced in a 60-year-old woman with a history of schizophrenia, presenting with left unilateral facial pain for the past three months. Based on the elaborate clinical examination and diagnostic nerve blocks, the patient was diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and non-surgical therapy commenced. Further investigations with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) revealed the presence of an extracranial schwannoma involving a branch of the maxillary nerve.

A Prospective Study Comparing the Efficacy of Local Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) vs Methylprednisolone in Plantar Fasciitis.

Introduction Plantar fasciitis is a common musculoskeletal problem in Orthopaedic practice. Heel pain caused due to plantar fasciitis, if persistent, can cause distress to the patient, so the correct intervention at the right time is needed. Plantar fasciitis is also common in the rural population.

Deep Learning Approaches for Cyberbullying Detection and Classification on Social Media.

As a result of the ease with which the internet and cell phones can be accessed, online social networks (OSN) and social media have seen a significant increase in popularity in recent years. Security and privacy, on the other hand, are the key concerns in online social networks and other social media platforms. On the other hand, cyberbullying (CB) is a serious problem that needs to be addressed on social media platforms.

The Functional and Radiological Outcome of Hoffa's Fracture Treated With Cannulated Cancellous Screws.

Introduction: Distal femur AO type 33 B fractures consist of partial articular fractures subdivided into three types namely sagittal lateral condyle fracture, medial condyle fracture, and coronal split fracture. Coronal plane fractures of the distal femur are less frequent compared to sagittal plane fractures and are known as Hoffa fractures. The mechanism of injury is usually a direct anteroposterior force to the flexed and abducted knee for lateral condylar fractures and a direct impact on the medial side of the knee in flexion for a medial condylar fracture.

The aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of TB at a tertiary care hospital in India.

Background: The recent COVID-19 pandemic became a looming catastrophe over global public health and severely disrupted essential healthcare services like tuberculosis (TB). This study estimated the impact of the COVID-19 in the diagnosis of TB, a microbiology laboratory-based overview.

Method: This ambispective observational study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology in a tertiary care hospital in South Karnataka from January 2019 to December 2020.

Assessment of Vitamin D Levels and Its Correlation With Osteoporosis and Fracture Site Comminution in Osteoporotic Hip Fractures in Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction: A global concern is vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. There is a particularly high risk for pregnant women, people of color (Blacks, Hispanics, and those with increased skin melanin pigmentation), obese children and adults, and children and adults who are abstinent from direct sun exposure. The goal of this study was to understand the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with osteoporotic hip fractures in our rural population and also to know its association with osteoporosis and osteoporotic hip fractures in a tertiary care trauma center.

Mammographic Breast Density Assessed with Fully Automated Method and its Risk for Breast Cancer.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between breast cancer and breast density (BD) measured using fully automated software. We also evaluated the performance of cancer risk models such as only clinical risk factors, density related measures, and both clinical risk factors and density-related measures for determining cancer risk.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study.

Role of Diagnostic Splenectomy in Patients Presenting with Pyrexia of Unknown Origin with Splenomegaly and Non-Contributory Pre-surgical Evaluation.

Aims: To describe the clinical and laboratory profile, post-surgical complications and longitudinal outcomes in a historical cohort of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) patients with splenomegaly who underwent a diagnostic splenectomy following non-contributory extensive pre-surgical laboratory and radiological evaluation.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a 2700 bed teaching hospital in South India, in eligible patients, over a 10-year period.

Results: Out of 38 PUO patients who underwent diagnostic splenectomy, a final diagnosis was established in 30 patients.

Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis decreases tuberculosis risk among Asian patients with HIV.

Introduction: Cotrimoxazole (CTX) is recommended as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, malaria and other serious bacterial infections in HIV-infected patients. Despite its in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the effects of CTX preventive therapy on tuberculosis (TB) remain unclear.

Methods: Adults living with HIV enrolled in a regional observational cohort in Asia who had initiated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) were included in the analysis.

Relationship between islet autoantibody status and the clinical characteristics of children and adults with incident type 1 diabetes in a UK cohort.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of children and adults with incident type 1 diabetes in contemporary, multiethnic UK, focusing on differences between the islet autoantibody negative and positive.

Design: Observational cohort study.

Setting: 146 mainly secondary care centres across England and Wales.