Treatment optimisation for blood pressure with single-pill combinations in India (TOPSPIN) - Protocol design and baseline characteristics.

Background: The burden of over 300 million individuals living with hypertension in India is increasing steadily. Most current guidelines recommend initial combination therapy for effective blood pressure (BP) control. However, there is no randomised evidence to inform which combinations to use in the South Asian population, who account for over one-quarter of the world's population.

Comparison between Serum and Salivary Albumin and Calcium Levels in Adolescent Age-group with Dental Caries.

Aim: The aim of our pilot study is to analyze the relationship between dental caries and albumin and calcium levels in serum and saliva in adolescent patients with varying caries experience as determined by their caries progression between the age-group of 9 and 19 years.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 subjects were selected based on their level of caries progression and divided into four groups of subjects, five in each as follows: group I-enamel caries, group II-dentinal caries, group III-pulpal caries, and group IV-control group. The saliva and serum were collected under standardized conditions from selected patients and analyzed for the presence of albumin and calcium, and then they were correlated to the same level in serum.

Interfraction variations in doses at OARs during three-dimensional high dose rate brachytherapy planning of cervix cancer.

Objective: The American Brachytherapy (BT) Society recommends that BT must be included as a component of the definitive radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma because recurrences and complications are decreased when BT is used in addition to external beam radiotherapy. The aim of this study is to quantify the interfraction dose variations (VARacts) during high dose rate (HDR) BT, the effect of variation in dose in terms of excess "unrecognized" dose to OAR and to conclude the reason of the variation in reference of applicator position/geometry versus deformation of the organ at risk (OAR) concerned.

Materials And Methods: Total 30 patients of carcinoma cervix, biopsy proven, between June 2018 and May 2019, were taken for the study.

Comparative study of concurrent conventional chemoradiotherapy versus hypofractionated chemoradiotherapy in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme postoperative patients.

Purpose: To assess the treatment response and toxicity profile among two groups of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) postoperative patients receiving conventional radiotherapy (RT) versus hypofractionated RT with concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) in both.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 patients randomly allotted into two arms (25 in each). Dose received 60 Gy (2 Gy/#) in conventional fractionation RT versus 50 Gy (2.

Extranodal Rosai-Dorfman Disease: a rare presentation involving anterior chest wall in a middle-aged female.

Rosai-Dorfman Disease is a rare benign disorder involving overproduction of immune cells, causing swollen lymph nodes and, in rare cases, the sternum. The sternal involvement may cause chest pain and masses. Diagnosis is confirmed through clinical examination, biopsy, and imaging.

The 2022 outbreak and the pathobiology of the coxsackie virus [hand foot and mouth disease] in India.

Outbreaks of HFMD in children aged <5 years have been reported worldwide and the major causative agents are Coxsackievirus (CV) A16, enterovirus (EV)-A71 and recently CVA6. In India, HFMD is a disease that is not commonly reported. The purpose of the study was to identify the enterovirus type(s) associated with large outbreak of Hand, foot, and mouth disease during COVID-19 pandemic in 2022.

Plasmodium Iron-Sulfur [Fe-S] cluster assembly protein Dre2 as a plausible target of Artemisinin: Mechanistic insights derived in a prokaryotic heterologous system.

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster containing proteins have been assigned roles in various essential cellular processes, such as regulation of gene expression, electron transfer, sensing of oxygen and balancing free radical chemistry. However, their role as the drug target remains sparse. Recently the screening of protein alkylation targets for artemisinin in Plasmodium falciparum led to identification of Dre2, a protein involved in redox mechanism for the cytoplasmic Fe-S cluster assembly in different organisms.

Role of maintenance paclitaxel in epithelial ovarian cancer: An affordable option for poor resources countries (a Regional Cancer Institute study).

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to assess the benefits of maintenance chemotherapy (CT) in epithelial ovarian cancer with CT and surgery. The primary and secondary endpoints of the study were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively.

Patients And Methods: Three hundred patients with ovarian cancer (registered between January 2012 and December 2013) received 6 cycles of 3 weekly CT (injection paclitaxel 175 mg/m + injection carboplatin 6 AUC) and surgery.

A study of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis with COVID-19: A new challenge in North West of Rajasthan.

Background: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal disease in immunocompromised patients. There has been increase in the number of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 patients in second wave. Now country battle with both COVID-19 and mucormycosis.

Hypofractionated radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy in early glottic cancer T1-2N0M0: A randomized study.

Objective: Glottic cancer has an excellent probability of cure. The early glottic cancer is usually treated by radiotherapy with different fractionation schedules. The aim of this study was to compare conventional versus hypofractionated radiotherapy with respect to overall survival and disease-free survival.

SMS classification of inner ear malformations: our experience with implantation in type II anomalies.

Purpose: To study and analyse the radiological and surgical findings of 24 cochlear implantees with SMS type II cochleovestibular malformation and to compare their outcomes in terms of hearing and speech gains pre- and postoperatively.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of cochlear implanted candidates over a period of 8 year 6 months from 3 institutions was undertaken and 24 patients suffering from prelingual profound congenital sensori-neural hearing loss along with the presence of SMS type II cochleovestibular malformation were studied. Preoperative radiology, surgical difficulties and complication, and postoperative hearing and speech outcomes up to a period of 2 years, using IT-MAIS and SIR scores were noted.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a novel three-dose recombinant nanoparticle rabies G protein vaccine administered as simulated post exposure immunization: A randomized, comparator controlled, multicenter, phase III clinical study.

Background: Rabies vaccines are lifesaving in human post animal exposure. However, the compliance to the complete course of vaccine is found to be only 60%. Hence, there is a need for safe and immunogenic, shorter course vaccine that can enhance the compliance and effectively prevent the disease.

New SMS Classification of Cochleovestibular Anomalies: Our Experience with 25 Cases of Type I Anomaly.

Purpose: To study and analyse the radiological and surgical findings of 25 cochlear implantees with SMS type-I cochleovestibular malformation and to compare their outcomes in terms of hearing and speech gains pre- and post-operatively.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of cochlear implanted candidates over a period of 8 year from 3 institutions was undertaken and 25 patients suffering from pre-lingual profound congenital sensori-neural hearing loss along with presence of SMS type I cochleovestibular malformation were studied. Pre-operative radiology, surgical difficulties and complication, and post-operative hearing and speech outcomes upto a period of 2 years, using IT-MAIS scores were noted.

A randomised comparative study of transversus abdominis plane block with or without intravenous diclofenac sodium as a component of multimodal regimen for post-operative analgesia following caesarean section.

Aims: Post-operative analgesia is a major component of perioperative care. An ideal method of pain relief after caesarean section should be cost-effective and safe for mother and baby. This study aims to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block combined with intraoperative diclofenac aqueous for post-operative analgesia in caesarean section.

Modified partial penile disassembly repair for improved functional and cosmetic outcome in isolated male epispadias.

Introduction And Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the functional and cosmetic outcome of single-stage modified partial penile disassembly repair in isolated male epispadias.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 15 cases of primary epispadias repair, from June 2015 to December 2018, was performed. Patients were classified by the type of epispadias, urinary incontinence, chordee, and rotation.

Evaluation of changes in corneal endothelium in chronic kidney disease.

Purpose: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging health problem worldwide. In CKD corneal endothelial changes also occur probably due to accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and increased multiple toxic products. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of CKD on corneal endothelium and correlate the findings with severity of disease with help of noninvasive technique.

Comparison of airway blocks versus general anaesthesia for diagnostic direct laryngoscopy: A randomised comparative trial.

Background And Objective: Direct rigid laryngoscopy and general anaesthesia (GA) are associated with many problems. Regional anaesthesia/airway blocks can be considered as safer and easier alternative techniques especially among old and comorbid patients and conditions with difficult airways as well. The present study was conducted to compare efficacy of regional anaesthesia/airway blocks versus general anaesthesia for diagnostic direct (rigid) laryngoscopy.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Azilsartan in Adult Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Randomized, Phase-III Clinical Study in India.

Background: Globally, women and men over the age of 25 years suffer from hypertension, the need for new treatment strategies to treat hypertension is due to the multi-faceted nature of the disease. Lack of optimal blood pressure control can lead to multiple complications. Therefore, this phase 3 study was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of potential product azilsartan hydrochloride for reduction in blood pressure in Indian patients with essential hypertension.

Endoxifen: A new, protein kinase C inhibitor to treat acute and mixed mania associated with bipolar I disorder.

Objectives: Endoxifen is a protein kinase C inhibitor. The objective of the present phase III study was to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of endoxifen in treating bipolar I disorder (BPD I) patients.

Methods: A multicenter, double-blind, active-controlled study was conducted using a daily dose of 8 mg endoxifen compared to 1000 mg divalproex, the current standard treatment, in patients with BPD I acute manic episodes with/without mixed features.

Multiplexed quantitative proteomics provides mechanistic cues for malaria severity and complexity.

Management of severe malaria remains a critical global challenge. In this study, using a multiplexed quantitative proteomics pipeline we systematically investigated the plasma proteome alterations in non-severe and severe malaria patients. We identified a few parasite proteins in severe malaria patients, which could be promising from a diagnostic perspective.

Accuracy of Karman endometrial aspiration in comparison to conventional D and C in women with AUB at tertiary care hospital in North West Rajasthan.

Background: Approximately 33% of all gynaecological consultations are associated with abnormal vaginal bleeding, and this proportion increases to 70% in the peri and postmenopausal years.

Aims And Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Karman's cannula endometrial aspiration histopathology versus dilatation and curettage in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Methodology: In total 100 women of all age groups with a clinical diagnosis of AUB were included in this prospective comparative study.

May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening campaign results in India.

Hypertension (HTN) is the greatest attributable risk factor for cardiovascular disease in India. Recent studies have reported the crude prevalence of HTN in India to be 25.3%.

Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cryptococcal Antigenemia and Association with Follow-up Risk of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Mortality among HIV Infected Patients in North West India: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV infected individuals. In the era of universal antiretroviral therapy, the incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) related cryptococcal meningitis has increased. Detection of serum cryptococcal antigen in asymptomatic PLHIV (People Living With HIV) and preemptive treatment with fluconazole can decrease the burden of cryptococcal disease.