A Machine Learning Model Using Cardiac CT and MRI Data Predicts Cardiovascular Events in Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Background Multimodality imaging is essential for personalized prognostic stratification in suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Machine learning (ML) methods can help address this complexity by incorporating a broader spectrum of variables. Purpose To investigate the performance of an ML model that uses both stress cardiac MRI and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) data to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with newly diagnosed CAD.

Validation Status of Electronic Sphygmomanometers in China: A National Survey.

Background: Although the information on the validation status of electronic sphygmomanometer (ES) devices in use in health care institutions and households is much more clinically relevant than that of ES models available on the market, it remains insufficient.

Methods: A national survey was conducted across all administrative regions of mainland China to assess the validation status of ESs. Fifty-eight cities were selected with stratification by municipality, provincial capital, and other cities, and health care institutions and households in each city were chosen by convenience to identify ES devices in use according to the study protocol.

Venous Thromboembolism Occurrence and Association with Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: An Analysis from the TriNetX Research Network Global Multicenter Real-World Dataset.

The purpose of this study is to (1) estimate and compare the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children (age 0 to ≤21) with versus without cystic fibrosis (CF); (2) investigate putative associations between specific gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations and the development of VTE among children with CF. This was a multicenter case-control analysis among patients aged 0 to ≤ 21 years between 2010 and 2020, using the TriNetX Research Network. Data queries included ICD-9/10 (International Classification of Diseases-9th/10th Revision) diagnosis codes.

Observation of the Clinical Efficacy of Self-Modified Skin-Stretching Device in the Treatment of Soft-Tissue Defects of the Heel: A Retrospective Single-Arm Cohort Study.

Objective: Due to the poor skin mobility of the heel, there are few reports on the efficacy and safety of skin-stretching devices in the treatment of soft-tissue defects of the heel. Redesigning the claws of the stretching devices may be one of the solutions to the problem. This study was designed to investigate the clinical effect of self-modified skin-stretching device in the treatment of soft-tissue defects in the heel.

Comparison of osseointegration in commercial SLA-treated dental implants with different surface roughness: a pilot study in beagle dogs.

Purpose: This pilot study investigated the effect of surface roughness on osseointegration by comparing two types of commercial SLA-treated dental implants with different surface roughness levels: moderately rough (S = 1 - 2 µm) and rough surfaces (S > 2 µm).

Materials And Methods: Two implant groups were studied: TS (rough surface) and ADD (moderately rough surface) groups. Surface characteristics were analyzed using optical profilometry and SEM.

Evaluation of Gluma® and MI Varnish™ for In-Office Treatment of Dentinal Hypersensitivity: An Observational Study.

Introduction In their routine practice, dentists frequently encounter dentinal hypersensitivity, which is caused by the pulpal nerves' increased excitability due to fluid movement in the dentinal tubules. It is treated in-office using dentin desensitizers, which reduce hypersensitivity by obstructing the open tubules or desensitizing the free nerve endings present within the tubules. However, no substance or treatment plan has ever been proven to be the gold standard for the efficient treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.

Sleep Quality of Morbidly Obese Patients After Bariatric Surgery.

Purpose: Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), associated with conditions like type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, cancer, and premature death. OSA involves sleep-breathing interruptions, with over 60% of obese individuals diagnosed through polysomnography. This study explores sleep issues in individuals considering bariatric surgery.

Plantar Fascia Thickness Difference Between Pregnant and Nulliparous in Indonesia.

Background: Pregnancy is associated with distinct risks of fascia thickness compared to nulliparous. Therefore, this study aimed to compare plantar fascia thickness between asymptomatic pregnant women and nulliparous, evaluating the relationship with age, body mass index (BMI), arch height index (AHI), gestational age, and number of pregnancies.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2023, and subjects were through a simple random sampling method.

The Clinical Value of Novel Inflammatory Biomarkers for Predicting Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), posing diagnostic challenges. This study evaluates novel inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) for MP diagnosis in children.

Methods: Complete blood count (CBC) results of 424 children with MP infection and 150 health children were collected.

Blarcamesine for the treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease: Results from the ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 Phase IIB/III trial.

Background: There are no approved oral disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of blarcamesine (ANAVEX®2-73), an orally available small-molecule activator of the sigma-1 receptor (SIGMAR1) in early AD through restoration of cellular homeostasis including autophagy enhancement.

Design: ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 48-week Phase IIb/III trial.

Piezo1-Induced Nasal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Allergic Rhinitis.

This study aimed to investigate the role of Piezo1 in nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic rhinitis (AR) using both in vitro and in vivo experimental methods. A total of 79 human nasal mucosal samples were collected, including 43 from AR patients and 36 from healthy controls. Additionally, 12 BALB/c mice were used for the in vivo experiments.

3D Digital Anatomical Models Based on Computed Tomographic Morphometric Analysis of C1 and C2 for Surgical Navigation.

Injuries involving the Atlas (C1) and Axis (C2) vertebrae of the cervical spine present significant clinical challenges due to their complex anatomy and potential for severe neurological impairment. Traditional imaging methods often lack the detailed visualization required for precise surgical planning. This study aimed to develop high-resolution 3D models of the C1 and C2 vertebrae to perform a comprehensive morphometric analysis, identify gender differences, and assess bilateral symmetry to enhance surgical accuracy.

The Impact of Injectable Platelet-rich Fibrin on Orthodontic Tooth Movement during Retraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim: This study intended to comprehend the effects of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) on anchor loss and space closure rates during the retraction phase of orthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four participants with malocclusion, necessitating extractions and space closure during orthodontic treatment, were enrolled and divided into two groups ( = 12 participants) group A: the experimental group was administered i-PRF on the maxilla/mandible, while group B: the control group did not. Measurements of the rate of space closure, anchor loss, and salivary enzyme activity were done before retraction (T0), after three weeks (T1), after six weeks (T2), and after nine weeks (T3).

Investigating the Effects of Nosocomial Infection Among Acute Leukemia Patients: Insights From the 2020 National Inpatient Sample.

Background: Rising nosocomial infections pose high risks, especially for immunocompromised leukemia patients, necessitating targeted research to enhance patient care and outcomes.The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of nosocomial infections (CDI) on patients hospitalized with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Our study was a retrospective analysis of adult patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of ALL or AML, using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for 2020.

First Metatarsal Osteotomy with an Intramedullary Locking Plate is a Good Alternative for the Reintervention of Recurrent Hallux Valgus.

This study describes the results of first metatarsal (M1) distal osteotomy with an intramedullary locking plate in persistent/recurrent painful hallux valgus (HV) deformity (without advanced degenerative changes) after primary surgery. Outcomes included postoperative incidences of HV angle (HVA)<16°, intermetatarsal angle (IMA)<9°, proximal articular set angle (PASA)<10°, and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Data normality was assessed with the Shapiro-Wilk test, and preoperative vs.

Establishing the degree of control in patients with atopic dermatitis with the atopic dermatitis control tool (ADCT).

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease of multifactorial etiology that affects the quality of life of those afflicted.

Objective: The degree of control of patients with AD over 12 years of age was determined with the Atopic Dermatitis Control Instrument (ADCT).

Material And Methods: This observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study included patients with AD who were evaluated with a self-administered instrument, the ADCT.

Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Atrial High-Rate Episodes in Patients With Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices.

Background Atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) detected by cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are indicative of future clinical atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke risk. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of AHREs among Thai patients with CIED implantation and identify associated risk factors. Methods A retrospective observational study enrolled 278 CIED patients with AHREs lasting five minutes to 24 hours, with an average atrial rate ≥ 175 bpm, excluding known clinical AF at device implantation.

Relationship Between Adenoma Detection Rate and Respective Withdrawal Time in Different Colon Segments: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study.

Background And Aims: The 6-min withdrawal time for colonoscopy is widely considered the standard of care. However, there may not be appropriate if the 6-min is equally divided into various colon segments. Since the adenoma detection in each colon segment is not the same, there may be differences with the withdrawal time in different colon segments.

Toward expert-level medical question answering with large language models.

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering, with Med-PaLM being the first to exceed a 'passing' score in United States Medical Licensing Examination style questions. However, challenges remain in long-form medical question answering and handling real-world workflows. Here, we present Med-PaLM 2, which bridges these gaps with a combination of base LLM improvements, medical domain fine-tuning and new strategies for improving reasoning and grounding through ensemble refinement and chain of retrieval.

The evolution of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of its history and current perspectives.

Cancer immunotherapy uses the body's immune system to combat cancer, marking a significant advancement in treatment. This review traces its evolution from the late 19th century to its current status. It began with William Coley's pioneering work using bacterial toxins to stimulate the immune system against cancer cells, establishing the foundational concept of immunotherapy.

A Nomogram Based on MRI Visual Decision Tree to Evaluate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Backgrounds: Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has been developed and recognized as an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there remains a lack of noninvasive methods in precisely evaluating VEGF expression in HCC.

Purpose: To establish a visual noninvasive model based on clinical indicators and MRI features to evaluate VEGF expression in HCC.

An comparison of the fracture resistance of MOD inlay restorations using different lithium disilicates.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of MOD inlay preparations restored with two different lithium disilicate glass ceramics.

Materials And Methods: Standardized MOD inlay cavities were prepared on 64 human permanent premolar teeth and divided into two groups to be restored with lithium disilicate glass-ceramic materials, i.e.

The continually evolving landscape of novel therapies in oncogene-driven advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly heterogeneous disease that is frequently associated with a host of known oncogenic alterations. Advances in molecular diagnostics and drug development have facilitated the targeting of novel alterations such that the majority of NSCLC patients have driver mutations that are now clinically actionable. The goal of this review is to gain insights into clinical research and development principles by summary, analysis, and discussion of data on agents targeting known alterations in oncogene-driven, advanced NSCLC beyond those in the and the .