Midwives' knowledge, attitude, practices, and experiences toward trauma-informed abortion care in urban district hospitals in Rwanda.

In Rwanda, many abortion services are not currently providing trauma-informed abortion care (TIAC) due to laws that restrict service provision and the incorporation of potentially traumatizing procedures with little attention to the woman's experience and support needs. Midwives working in abortion services often lack adequate training to effectively support clients with trauma. The authors aim to evaluate midwives' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and experiences toward TIAC.

An exploratory cross-cultural study of community-based health literacy interventions to promote the mental well-being of disadvantaged and disabled young Africans: a multi-method approach.

Background: This study explores the impact of community-based health literacy interventions on the health and mental well-being of disadvantaged young Africans in Zambia, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, and South Africa. The pandemic has exacerbated mental health problems amongst children and young people, underscoring the urgent need for equitable access to mental healthcare resources. Emphasizing the importance of equitable access to mental healthcare resources, the research addresses educational and income disparities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly amongst young Africans with disabilities or vulnerabilities.

Participatory research with youth with disabilities: Experiences from sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Disability inclusive youth research, involving youth with disabilities in the design, implementation and dissemination of study data, is still limited in Africa.

Objectives: To describe and reflect on the experiences of involving youth with disabilities in an exploratory research study, focused on disability-inclusive education and employment in 7 African countries.

Method: 12 youths with different impairments, aged 18 to 35, were employed as researchers in Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal and Uganda.

Preliminary evidence that Bunyamwera virus causes severe disease characterized by systemic vascular and multiorgan necrosis in an immunocompromised mouse model.

Bunyamwera virus (BUNV) is the prototypical member of the Bunyamwera serogroup within the genus. BUNV is transmitted by mosquito vectors of the genera , and and has historically circulated in East Africa, though the transmission has been observed in Argentina. BUNV has been identified as an agent of human and animal disease and has also been misdiagnosed as other agents.

A Thorough Navigation of miRNA's Blueprint in Crafting Cardiovascular Fate.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases contribute significantly to global morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs are crucial in the development and progression of these diseases by regulating gene expression in various cells and tissues. Their roles in conditions like atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmias have been widely researched.

Global trends in CD4 count measurement and distribution at first antiretroviral treatment initiation.

Background: While people with HIV (PWH) start antiretroviral treatment (ART) regardless of CD4 count, CD4 measurement remains crucial for detecting advanced HIV disease and evaluating ART programmes. We explored CD4 measurement (proportion of PWH with a CD4 result available) and prevalence of CD4 <200 cells/µL at ART initiation within the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) global collaboration.

Methods: We included PWH at participating ART programmes who first initiated ART at age 15-80 years during 2005-2019.

Global Disparities of Cancer and Its Projected Burden in 2050.

Importance: Cancer prevention and care efforts have been challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic and armed conflicts, resulting in a decline in the global Human Development Index (HDI), particularly in low- and middle-income countries. These challenges and subsequent shifts in health care priorities underscore the need to continuously monitor cancer outcome disparities and statistics globally to ensure delivery of equitable and optimal cancer prevention and care in uncertain times.

Objective: To measure the global burden of 36 cancers in 2022 by sex, age, and geographic location and to project future trends by 2050.

Medical Healthcare Student's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Hand Hygiene and Its Relation to Patient Safety - A Global Scoping Review.

Introduction: For more than a century, Hand hygiene (HH) has been known to be the most cost-effective hygienic method to minimize infection transmission and risk in healthcare settings. Even though 50% of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) can be prevented with proper HH, globally 7 per 100 patients from acute-care hospitals in high-income countries (HIC) and 15 per 100 patients in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) acquire at least one HAI during their hospital stay. Even though medical healthcare students do not have the primary responsibility of providing patient care, it is necessary to train, assess, and monitor HH as their interaction with patients could lead to an increased number of HAIs.

Examining the utilization of web-based discussion tools in teaching and learning organic chemistry in selected Rwandan secondary schools.

In recent years, the teaching and learning of organic chemistry have frequently faced challenges due to limited student engagement and participation. Consequently, there is a growing demand for innovative teaching methods to tackle these issues. In this context, web-based discussions have emerged as a hopeful approach to enhance students' engagement and foster critical thinking skills.

Antibacterial Activity of Phyto-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles From Dryopteris cristata Against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 28923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 28922.

Introduction Nanotechnology has emerged as a vital field, particularly in synthesizing nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are recognized for their strong antimicrobial properties against various pathogens, including  and , due to their small size and high surface area. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers an eco-friendly alternative.

Paul Farmer: A Pioneer of Global Health, Health Equity, and Health Advocacy.

Paul Farmer, a distinguished physician and anthropologist known by many as a pioneer in global health endeavors, made a profound impact on the landscape of healthcare. Through his innovative approaches to healthcare delivery and his unwavering commitment to social justice and health equity, he changed the landscape of healthcare on a global scale. He was a Kolokotrones University Professor, Chair of the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Chief of the Division of Global Health Equity at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Chancellor of the University of Global Health Equity in Rwanda, and Chief Strategist and Co-founder of Partners In Health (PIH).

Current Epidemiological Status of Chikungunya Virus Infection in East Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The incidence of Chikungunya in tropical Africa is still of major epidemiological significance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of chikungunya in East Africa through a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. We conducted a comprehensive search across six electronic databases-Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar-using specific keywords to address the worldwide impact of chikungunya following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Yeast supplementation potentiates fluoxetine's anti-depressant effect in mice via modulation of oxido-inflammatory, CREB, and MAPK signaling pathways.

Introduction: The therapeutic potential of yeast in the management of depression is unknown. Thus, we evaluated the modulatory effect of nutritional yeast supplementation on antidepressant activity of fluoxetine in mice models of depressive-like behaviors (DLB).

Methods: A total of 112 mice were divided into 16 groups (n = 7 each) for a 3-stage study.

The role of NGOs and humanitarian organizations in enhancing surgical capacity in Africa: lessons learned and future directions-a narrative review.

Introduction: Significant inequities exist in surgical care accessibility across marginalized African communities. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and humanitarian groups are vital in supporting Africa's surgical infrastructure. This narrative review explores the current status of surgical care in Africa, highlighting NGO initiatives, past challenges, and future opportunities.

Association between differentiated HIV care delivery model and low-level viremia among people living with HIV in Rwanda.

Background: Low-level viremia (LLV) (HIV-RNA 51-999 copies/mL) is associated with increased risk of non viral load suppression (HIV-RNA ≥ 1000 copies/mL). We assessed the association between differentiated service delivery model (DSDM) and LLV among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Rwanda.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using routinely collected data of adults living with HIV from 28-healthcare facilities in Rwanda before and after the introduction of DSDM.