Prevalence, Characteristics, and Reasons for Kratom Use among Psychiatrically Ill Inpatients Who Use Substances.

Objective: Despite kratom impacting neurobiological systems involved in psychiatric disorders, little is known about the prevalence of use among patients with severe psychopathologies. Here, we investigated the prevalence of kratom use, motives for use, and the clinical associations among inpatients with severe psychiatric disorders.

Methods: A total of 578 patients, aged 18 to 65, were evaluated by New Hampshire Hospital's Addiction Services from January 1, 2020, to February 28, 2022.

Kratom use and mental health: A systematic literature review and case example.

Objective: This review aims to synthesize and critically evaluate the existing literature on kratom use and its possible association with induction of psychotic and manic symptoms, in order to identify potential areas for future research that would improve our understanding of the risks of kratom consumption.

Methods: An electronic search was performed using five major databases: including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. keywords such as kratom, Mitragyna speciosa, mania, psychosis, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective, case report, and case series.

Primary care physicians' strategies for addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Objective: To explore the strategies that primary care physicians use to address patient COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Method: We administered an online survey to 625 primary care physicians from May 14 to May 25, 2021, to assess the messages that primary care physicians use to encourage hesitant patients to get vaccinated against COVID-19.589 physicians from the total pool of 625 provided open-ended responses.

Beyond physical health: the role of psychosocial challenges and stigma in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic-A scoping review.

Background: The socio-cultural response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the level of adherence to evidence-based guidelines played a crucial role in determining the morbidity and mortality outcomes during the pandemic. This review aims to evaluate the impact of stigma and psycho-socio-cultural challenges on efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify ways to mitigate such challenges in future pandemics.

Methods: Using keywords including COVID-19, coronavirus, stigma, psychosocial challenges, and others, the authors searched seven major databases with a time limitation of July 2021, which yielded 2,038 results.

Bridging science and spirituality: the intersection of religion and public health in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global impacts on social interactions and religious activities, leading to a complex relationship between religion and public health policies. This article reviews impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religious activities and beliefs in relation to the spread of the virus, as well as the potential of religious leaders and faith communities in mitigating the impact of the pandemic through public health measures and community engagement.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, with search terms including "religion," "COVID-19," "pandemic," "coronavirus," and "spirituality.

Treatment Modalities for Internet Addiction in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs).

Background: In recent years, the use of the internet among children and adolescents has dramatically increased, leading to growing concerns regarding the potential risks of excessive internet use and addiction. Addressing these concerns, this systematic review aims to summarize current evidence on the effectiveness of treatment interventions for internet addiction among children and adolescents.

Method: We performed a systematic review using PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar with search terms including "internet addiction", "problematic internet use", "children" or "adolescents", "treatment" and "randomized controlled trial".

Vaping and Mental Health Conditions in Children: An Umbrella Review.

The e-cigarette (EC) epidemic began in the United States (US) in 2007; since 2014 EC is the most commonly used form of tobacco. However, the mental health implications of vaping are grossly unknown. The aim of this umbrella review is to provide astate-of-the-art summary of existing research concerning vaping and mental health conditions in children.

Impact of cannabidiol on reward- and stress-related neurocognitive processes among individuals with opioid use disorder: A pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over trial.

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) continues to be a significant public health concern. Medications for OUD (MOUD) such as buprenorphine reduce overdose mortality, but relapses occur often, leading to adverse outcomes. Preliminary data suggest that cannabidiol (CBD) may be a potential adjunctive treatment to MOUD by attenuating cue-reactivity.

Substance Withdrawal-Associated Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Review of the Literature.

To better understand Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, a rare but life-threatening complication of acute substance withdrawal. A PubMed search was conducted to identify relevant case reports through 2021 using the medical subject headings , , OR AND OR . Case reports were included in the review if there was a diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in the setting of withdrawal from substances of abuse.

Incentivizing Pregnant Women to Quit Smoking in the Real World-A Community-Based Pilot Intervention.

Smoking during pregnancy is a leading preventable cause of poor pregnancy outcomes. Financial incentives interventions yield quit rates of approximately 30% during pregnancy, versus approximately 4% in traditional smoking cessation programs. This pilot study assessed the feasibility of translating an efficacious University of Vermont research-based intervention into a rural community setting delivered by the Vermont Department of Health.

Perceived stigma, discrimination and psychological problems among patients with epilepsy.

Objective: The current study sought to investigate the effects of perceived stigma and discrimination on epilepsy patients' psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life.

Study Design: A purposive sampling technique was used in this cross-sectional study.

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 186 patients with epilepsy.

Intention to Breastfeed and Paternal Influence on Pregnant Mothers Exclusively Using Marijuana Compared with Other Substances.

To determine intention to breastfeed (ITBF) rates among mothers exclusively using marijuana (eMJ) compared with electronic cigarettes (eEcig), tobacco products (eTob), or multisubstances (MS), nonusers (NU), and the influence of paternal presence and paternal substance use. Cross-sectional study of parental survey responses merged with electronic birth certificates. Accounting for clinical and social determinants of health, analyses of ITBF included (1) all mothers, (2) single mothers, and (3) mothers with fathers.

Lithium toxicity following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: Mini review and illustrative case.

Lithium is among the mainstays of treatment for bipolar disorder. Bariatric surgery can considerably change the oral bioavailability of drugs, particularly lithium. In this review, a 36-year-old male patient is described, who presented with lithium toxicity, including neurologic and gastric symptoms after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Smartphone Ownership, Smartphone Utilization, and Interest in Using Mental Health Apps to Address Substance Use Disorders: Literature Review and Cross-sectional Survey Study Across Two Sites.

Background: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in implementing digital technologies to diagnose, monitor, and intervene in substance use disorders. Smartphones are now a vehicle for facilitating telepsychiatry visits, measuring health metrics, and communicating with health care professionals. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and the movement toward web-based and hybrid clinic visits and meetings, it has become especially salient to assess phone ownership among individuals with substance use disorders and their comfort in navigating phone functionality and using phones for mental health purposes.

Neurocysticercosis presenting as psychosis: A case report and a brief literature review.

Patients with neurocysticercosis, a common infection of the central nervous system caused by , have been reported to develop neuropsychiatric complications. We report a unique case of recurrent psychosis caused by neurocysticercosis in a 37-year-old El Salvador immigrant woman and discuss the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the complications. We reviewed published case reports of neurocysticercosis that presented with psychotic features and compared their diagnostic evaluation, the underlying pathophysiology of complications and treatment regimen with our case.

Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in children with autism spectrum disorder - a literature review.

: This review summarizes evidence pertaining to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). : An electronic search was conducted using four major databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Using an umbrella methodology, the reference lists of relevant papers were reviewed, and citation searches were conducted.

The Impact of THC and CBD in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.

People with schizophrenia are more likely to develop cannabis use disorder (CUD) and experience worse outcomes with use. Yet as cannabis is legalized for medical and recreational use, there is interest in its therapeutic potential. To conduct a systematic review summarizing the design and results of controlled trials using defined doses of THC and CBD in schizophrenia.

Pharmacotherapy for Management of 'Kratom Use Disorder': A Systematic Literature Review With Survey of Experts.

Objectives: An increasing number of Americans are turning to kratom for self-management of various pain, anxiety, and mood states and as an opioid substitute. Addiction to this unique botanical develops and carries a high relapse risk and, to date, there are no guidelines on how to maintain long-term abstinence. The aim of this article is to compile all available information on management of "kratom use disorder" (KUD)-as coined here-from the literature, with evidence from the clinical practice of expert addictionologists in an attempt to develop a standard of care consensus.

Assessing Self-Definition and Relatedness in Level of Personality Functioning.

The two polarities model (TPM) of personality organizes psychological assessment and psychotherapy and connects to personality disorder diagnosis using the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). The authors developed scales assessing the TPM from an existing self-report measure for level of personality functioning (LPF), a core component of the AMPD. Iterative content analyses of the LPF measure yielded scales for Autonomy and Communion corresponding to dimensions of the TPM.