Causal Effects of Competing Obstetrical Interventions: Mediators of Placental Abruption and Perinatal Mortality.

Placental abruption, the premature placental separation, confers increased perinatal mortality risk with preterm delivery as an important pathway through which the risk appears mediated. While pregnancies complicated by abruption are often delivered through an obstetrical intervention, many deliver spontaneously. We examined the contributions of clinician-initiated (PTDIND) and spontaneous (PTDSPT) preterm delivery at <37 weeks as competing causal mediators of the abruption-perinatal mortality association.

Health insurance and transportation barriers impact access to epilepsy care in the United States.

Purpose: Inconsistent access to healthcare for people with epilepsy results in reduced adherence to antiseizure medications, increased seizure frequency, and fewer appropriate referrals for epilepsy surgery. Identifying and addressing factors that impede access to care should consequently improve patient outcomes. We hypothesized that health insurance and transportation affect access to outpatient neurology care for adults living with epilepsy in the United States (US).

Conceptualizing Symptom Invalidation as Experienced by Patients With Endometriosis.

The aim of this paper is to provide foundational work to standardize the conceptual definition of what I refer to as by using invalidating environments and illness representations as guiding conceptual frameworks. Mixed deductive-inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze survey responses to an open-ended question gauging an invalidating interaction patients experienced with a clinician among 1038 patients with endometriosis. Dissimilarity in illness representations between patients and clinicians, as perceived by patients, occurred with feelings of invalidation.

The validity of over-the-counter skin, hair, and nail recommendations for adult patients with cancer: A systematic review.

Importance: Patients undergoing cancer treatment experience a multitude of skin, hair, and nail adverse events, prompting them to use non-evidence-based and often restrictive over-the-counter (OTC) recommendations to alleviate their symptoms. Comprehensively assessing evidence-based OTC modalities is crucial to enable cancer patients to comfortably resume their lives post-treatment and integrate clinically sound practices into their self-care routines.

Objective: Perform a systematic review and assessment of evidence-based OTC skin, hair, and nail care recommendations for adult patients undergoing cancer treatment.

Machine Learning Identification of Modifiable Predictors of Patient Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an important treatment option for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. It is important to identify predictors of excellent outcomes (good clinical outcomes, more time spent at home) after TAVR that are potentially amenable to improvement.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to use machine learning to identify potentially modifiable predictors of clinically relevant patient-centered outcomes after TAVR.

Overnutrition in persons with cystic fibrosis on modulator therapy and the relationship to obstructive sleep apnea.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) care is evolving with the ubiquitous use of modulator therapy and resultant increase in lifespan. It is important for CF clinicians to monitor the pathologic weight gain that is concomitantly being seen as obesity is a known risk factor for multiple other diseases. In this review we focus on obesity in CF, discuss screening and lifestyle considerations, outline CF-specific concerns with weight loss medications, and describe the vicious cycle of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

A cross-sectional analysis of TikTok's most popular dermal filler videos.

Background: Dermal filler injections pose serious risks when administered by untrained individuals or when food and drug administration (FDA) guidelines are not adhered to. This issue may potentially be compounded by a growing reliance on social media platforms for health information.

Objective: Our objective was to analyze the quality of health information in videos published on dermal filler on TikTok.

Gender Disparity of Automatic Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement for Primary Prevention: National Inpatient Sample Analysis.

Introduction: Automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (AICDs) for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death have become standard care for patients with systolic heart failure (sHF) and ejection fraction ≤35%. While the prevalence of sHF and rates of hospitalization are higher in men, one would expect equivalent rates of implantation in women.

Methods: We used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2009 to 2018 to identify patient visits with sHF and AICD implantation.

Effects of acute hippocampal stimulation in the nonhuman primate penicillin model of temporal lobe seizures.

Asynchronous distributed multielectrode stimulation (ADMES) is a novel approach to deep brain stimulation for medication resistant temporal lobe epilepsy that has shown promise in rodent and seizure models. To further evaluate its effects on a pre-clinical model, we characterized the effect of unilateral ADMES in an NHP model of temporal lobe seizures induced by intra-hippocampal injection of penicillin (PCN). Four non-human primates were used for this study in two contemporaneous cohorts.

The Factors Associated With Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Failure in Late Preterm and Term Infants and Its Impact on In-Hospital Outcomes.

Background and objective Late preterm and term infants commonly require continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on admission. However, CPAP failure in this population has not been well studied. Hence, we conducted this study to determine the impact of CPAP failure and identify antenatal factors associated with it in late preterm and term infants.

Evaluation of an Educational Scholarship Fellowship Program for Health Professions Educators.

Introduction: Historically, the requirement to produce scholarship for advancement has challenged health professions educators heavily engaged in teaching. As biomedical scientists or healthcare practitioners, few are trained in educational scholarship, and related faculty development varies in scope and quality across institutions. Currently, there is a need for faculty development and mentoring programs to support the development of these skills.

Effects of antimicrobial exposure on the risk of Parkinson's disease.

Background: We aimed to assess how antimicrobial exposure affects Parkinson's disease (PD) risk.

Methods: A nested case-control study was performed to examine the association between antimicrobial exposure and newly diagnosed PD using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Each PD case was matched by age, sex, and year of diagnosis (index date) to up to 15 controls.

Contraception Initiation after Early Abortion in a Family Medicine Setting: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Objectives: Early abortion increasingly is provided in the primary care setting, allowing improved access, continuity of care, and contraception, if desired. We aimed in this retrospective chart review to describe postabortion contraception provision in a family medicine office.

Methods: Participants were those patients who obtained an induced abortion during an 11-year period at a family medicine office.

Speech markers of depression dimensions across cognitive status.

Introduction: Depression and its components significantly impact dementia prediction and severity, necessitating reliable objective measures for quantification.

Methods: We investigated associations between emotion-based speech measures (valence, arousal, and dominance) during picture descriptions and depression dimensions derived from the geriatric depression scale (GDS, dysphoria, withdrawal-apathy-vigor (WAV), anxiety, hopelessness, and subjective memory complaint).

Results: Higher WAV was associated with more negative valence (estimate = -0.

encodes a mitochondrial putrescine transporter that promotes GABA synthesis.

Solute carriers (SLC) are membrane proteins that facilitate the transportation of ions and metabolites across either the plasma membrane or the membrane of intracellular organelles. With more than 450 human genes annotated as SLCs, many of them are still orphan transporters without known biochemical functions. We developed a metabolomic-transcriptomic association analysis, and we found that the expression of SLC45A4 has a strong positive correlation with the cellular level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Effects of Texas State Agency Integration on Mental Health Service Use Among Individuals with Co-occurring Cognitive Disabilities and Mental Health Conditions.

This study uses Texas's 2017 integration of the state disability and mental health agencies as a case study, combining interviews with Texas agency and advocacy organization leaders to examine perceptions of agency integration and augmented synthetic control analyses of 2014-2020 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to examine impacts on mental health service use among individuals with co-occurring cognitive disabilities (including intellectual and developmental disabilities) and mental health conditions. Interviewees described the intensive process of agency integration and identified primarily positive (e.g.

National Surgical Quality Improvement Program audit of contemporary perioperative care for radical cystectomy.

Objective: To examine the impact of increased compliance to contemporary perioperative care measures, as outlined by enhanced recover after surgery (ERAS) guidelines, among patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).

Patients And Methods: From the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database we captured patients undergoing RC between 2019 and 2021. We identified five perioperative care measures: regional anaesthesia block, thromboembolism prophylaxis, ≤24 h perioperative antibiotic administration, absence of bowel preparation, and early oral diet.

CED-5/CED-12 (DOCK/ELMO) can promote and inhibit F-actin formation via distinct motifs that may target different GTPases.

Coordinated activation and inhibition of F-actin supports the movements of morphogenesis. Understanding the proteins that regulate F-actin is important, since these proteins are mis-regulated in diseases like cancer. Our studies of C.

Sex Differences and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is more common in women, it is unknown whether sex is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients with MINOCA. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sex differences and outcomes of patients with MINOCA.

Methods And Results: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from their inception until August 2023 for relevant studies.