Optimizing Energy Efficiency of a Twin-Screw Granulation Process in Real-Time Using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Network.

Traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing processes for solid oral dosage forms can be inefficient and have been known to produce a large amount of undesired product. With the progressing trend of achieving carbon neutrality, there is an impetus to increase the energy efficiency of these manufacturing processes while maintaining the critical quality attributes of the product. One of the important steps in downstream pharmaceutical manufacturing is wet granulation, and within that, twin screw granulation (TSG) is a popular continuous manufacturing technique.

"If You are Going to Step on This Campus, You Have to Get Vaccinated": A Qualitative Understanding of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Emerging Adults Returning to College Campuses.

For the academic year 2021-2022, many American colleges mandated the COVID-19 vaccine for students to return to campus. However, when academic leaders put these mandates into effect, they may have failed to consider the emotional impact on vaccine hesitant students, especially students who have been historically marginalized or underrepresented such as Black emerging adults. This qualitative study explored how vaccine hesitant Black emerging adults describe and understand their return to academia and, how the historical mistreatment of Black Americans influenced their feelings and decision-making process around the vaccine mandates.

The massive 340 megabase genome of Anisogramma anomala, a biotrophic ascomycete that causes eastern filbert blight of hazelnut.

Background: The ascomycete fungus Anisogramma anomala causes Eastern Filbert Blight (EFB) on hazelnut (Corylus spp.) trees. It is a minor disease on its native host, the American hazelnut (C.

Effects of Speech Cues on Acoustics and Intelligibility of Korean-Speaking Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Purpose: Reduced speech intelligibility is often a hallmark of children with dysarthria secondary to cerebral palsy (CP), but effects of speech strategies for increasing intelligibility are understudied, especially in children who speak languages other than English. This study examined the effects of (the Korean translation of) two cues, "speak with your big mouth" and "speak with your strong voice," on speech acoustics and intelligibility of Korean-speaking children with CP.

Method: Fifteen Korean-speaking children with CP repeated words and sentences in habitual, big mouth, and strong voice conditions.

A Convergent Mixed Methods Design to Assess the Use of the Home Virtual Rehabilitation System By Persons with Chronic Stroke.

Patients poststroke utilized the Home Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS) to perform home-based, gamified upper extremity rehabilitation over 12 weeks. Outcomes related to adherence and clinical improvement were collected, and semistructured interviews were conducted to assess intrinsic and extrinsic motivators that impacted engagement with the system. Subjects performed between 299 and 2020 minutes of self-scheduled, sparsely supervised hand rehabilitation activities in their homes.

Application of insecticide dusts for the management of Indian meal moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) wandering larvae under laboratory conditions.

The Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a very common stored-product pest. The mature larvae wander around searching for suitable places to pupate, offering an opportunity to control this pest. We evaluated the efficacy of 5 insecticide dusts: Alpine (0.

Transcriptomic Profiling at the Maternal-to-Zygotic Transition in Leech, .

The glossiphoniid leech, , is an experimentally tractable member of the superphylum, Lophotrochozoa. Its large embryonic cells, stereotyped asymmetric cell divisions and ex vivo development capabilities makes it a favorable model for studying the molecular and cellular events of a representative spiralian. In this study, we focused on a narrow developmental time window of ~6-8 h, comprising stages just prior to and immediately following zygote deposition.

Characterization of Odorants in a Commercial Culinary Sage ( L.) and Several Cultivars.

Culinary sage, L., is a popular spice plant commonly used throughout the world. In this study, 35 odorants were identified in dried sage via solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), including 9 that were identified in sage for the first time.

Prevalence and predictors of colon and prostate cancer screening among volunteer firefighters: The United States Firefighter Cancer Assessment and Prevention Study.

Background: Although firefighters have increased risk for colon and prostate cancer, limited information exists on screening practices for these cancers in volunteer firefighters who compose two-thirds of the US fire service. We estimated the prevalence of colon and prostate cancer screening among volunteer firefighters using eligibility criteria from 4 evidence-based screening recommendations and evaluated factors influencing screening.

Methods: We evaluated colon (n = 569) and prostate (n = 498) cancer screening prevalence in a sample of US volunteer firefighters using eligibility criteria from the US Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF), National Fire Protection Association, American Cancer Society, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network.

Firefighting, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and DNA methylation of genes associated with prostate cancer risk.

Prostate cancer is the leading incident cancer among men in the United States. Firefighters are diagnosed with this disease at a rate 1.21 times higher than the average population.

Activation of polyamine catabolism promotes glutamine metabolism and creates a targetable vulnerability in lung cancer.

Polyamines are a class of small polycationic alkylamines that play essential roles in both normal and cancer cell growth. Polyamine metabolism is frequently dysregulated and considered a therapeutic target in cancer. However, targeting polyamine metabolism as monotherapy often exhibits limited efficacy, and the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood.

Sensitization with Fungal Protease Allergen Establishes Long-Lived, Allergenic Th Cell Memory in the Lung.

Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Exposure to allergens produced by a variety of otherwise harmless microbes, including fungi, predisposes individuals to immunopathologic disease upon subsequent encounters with allergen. We developed a mouse model that employs a purified protease produced by Aspergillus (Asp f 13) to investigate the contributions of CD4+ Th cells to recurrent lung inflammation.

The Paper Chase: A Team Science Training Exercise.

Over the past few decades of psychological research, there has been an important increase in both the application of multidisciplinary or collaborative science and in training and research that emphasizes social justice and cultural humility. In the current paper, we report on the use of the "Paper Chase" as a team science training and research experience that also facilitates cultural humility in research and when working in teams. The Paper Chase is a synchronous writing exercise originally conceptualized by a cohort of health service psychology interns to reduce lag time between manuscript writing and submission (Schaumberg et al.

Evaluation of single-use optical and electrochemical pH sensors in upstream bioprocessing.

Culture pH is a critical process parameter during CHO cell bioreactor operations that is key for proper cell growth, protein production, and maintaining the critical quality attributes of a monoclonal antibody drug substance. The traditional means of measuring pH in bioreactors is with an electrochemical probe that can withstand and maintain accuracy through repeated sterilization cycles. An alternative technique for measuring pH is an optical sensor composed of a fluorescent dye that is sensitive to the hydrogen ion concentration.

Personalized Versus Precision Nanomedicine for Treatment of Ovarian Cancer.

The response to treatment is substantially varied between individual patients with ovarian cancer. However, chemotherapy treatment plans rarely pay sufficient attention to the mentioned factors. Instead, standardized treatment protocols are usually employed for most ovarian cancer patients.

Future pandemics and the urge to 'do something'.

Research with enhanced potential pandemic pathogens (ePPP) makes pathogens substantially more lethal, communicable, immunosuppressive or otherwise capable of triggering a pandemic. We briefly relay an existing argument that the benefits of ePPP research do not outweigh its risks and then consider why proponents of these arguments continue to confidently endorse them. We argue that these endorsements may well be the product of common cognitive biases-in which case they would provide no challenge to the argument against ePPP research.

Place of care in the last three years of life for Medicare beneficiaries.

Background: Most older adults prefer aging in place; however, patients with advanced illness often need institutional care. Understanding place of care trajectory patterns may inform patient-centered care planning and health policy decisions. The purpose of this study was to characterize place of care trajectories during the last three years of life.

Mechanisms of antiviral action and toxicities of ipecac alkaloids: Emetine and dehydroemetine exhibit anti-coronaviral activities at non-cardiotoxic concentrations.

The emergence of highly infectious pathogens with their potential for triggering global pandemics necessitate the development of effective treatment strategies, including broad-spectrum antiviral therapies to safeguard human health. This study investigates the antiviral activity of emetine, dehydroemetine (DHE), and congeneric compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43, and evaluates their impact on the host cell. Concurrently, we assess the potential cardiotoxicity of these ipecac alkaloids.

Metabolic and behavioral alterations associated with viral vector-mediated toxicity in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus.

Objective: Combining adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of Cre recombinase with genetically modified floxed animals is a powerful approach for assaying the functional role of genes in regulating behavior and metabolism. Extensive research in diverse cell types and tissues using AAV-Cre has shown it can save time and avoid developmental compensation as compared to using Cre driver mouse line crossings. We initially sought to study the impact of ablation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) using intracranial AAV-Cre injection in adult animals.

Novel loss-of-function variants expand ABCC9-related intellectual disability and myopathy syndrome.

Loss-of-function mutation of ABCC9, the gene encoding the SUR2 subunit of ATP sensitive-potassium (KATP) channels, was recently associated with autosomal recessive ABCC9-related intellectual disability and myopathy syndrome (AIMS). Here we identify nine additional subjects, from seven unrelated families, harbouring different homozygous loss-of-function variants in ABCC9 and presenting with a conserved range of clinical features. All variants are predicted to result in severe truncations or in-frame deletions within SUR2, leading to the generation of non-functional SUR2-dependent KATP channels.

A systematic review of factors associated with student use of campus food pantries: implications for addressing barriers and facilitating use.

Background: While campus food pantries have been important safety net programs for alleviating food insecurity among college students, factors related to accessing these vital resources have not been fully researched and summarized. This study systematically synthesized peer-reviewed literature on the predictors, barriers to, and facilitators of using campus food pantries among college students.

Methods: A search was conducted on PubMed, CINAHL Complete, PsychInfo, PsycARTICLES, and ScienceDirect in April 2023.

Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Controlled Delivery of Asiaticoside-Rich Extracts with Wound Healing Potential.

extract is a valued plant material with known anti-inflammatory and anti-microbiological properties. Using the Design of Experiment (DoE) approach, it was possible to obtain an optimized water/alcoholic extract from , which allowed the preparation of the final material with biological activity in the wound healing process. Studies on the novel applications of in conjunction with the multifunctional chitosan carrier have been motivated by the plant's substantial pharmacological activity and the need to develop new and effective methods for the treatment of chronic wounds.

Transcriptional state dynamics lead to heterogeneity and adaptive tumor evolution in urothelial bladder carcinoma.

Intra-tumor heterogeneity contributes to treatment failure and poor survival in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC). Analyzing transcriptome from a UBC cohort, we report that intra-tumor transcriptomic heterogeneity indicates co-existence of tumor cells in epithelial and mesenchymal-like transcriptional states and bi-directional transition between them occurs within and between tumor subclones. We model spontaneous and reversible transition between these partially heritable states in cell lines and characterize their population dynamics.