Response of Pedunculate Oak ( L.) to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Genetic and Dendrochronological Studies.

Pedunculate oak ( L.) is widely distributed across Europe and serves critical ecological, economic, and recreational functions. Investigating its responses to stressors such as drought, extreme temperatures, pests, and pathogens provides valuable insights into its capacity to adapt to climate change.

Wood-Inhabiting Nematode, sp. n. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from David Elm, with Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus Based on Partial Mitochondrial Genomes.

A new nematode species, sp. n. is described in the bark beetle-elm tree association ( and var.

Search of Reflectance Indices for Estimating Photosynthetic Activity of Wheat Plants Under Drought Stress.

Global climate change and the associated increasing impact of droughts on crops challenges researchers to rapidly assess plant health on a large scale. Photosynthetic activity is one of the key physiological parameters related to future crop yield. The present study focuses on the search for reflectance parameters for rapid screening of wheat genotypes with respect to photosynthetic activity under drought conditions.

Multilateral Use of Dandelion in Folk Medicine of Central-Eastern Europe.

Background: Dandelion ( sect. , also referred to as F.H.

Broadband Normalized Difference Reflectance Indices and the Normalized Red-Green Index as a Measure of Drought in Wheat and Pea Plants.

Global climatic changes increase areas that are influenced by drought. Remote sensing based on the spectral characteristics of reflected light is widely used to detect the action of stressors (including drought) in plants. The development of methods of improving remote sensing is an important applied task for plant cultivation.

Viroids and Retrozymes: Plant Circular RNAs Capable of Autonomous Replication.

Among the long non-coding RNAs that are currently recognized as important regulatory molecules influencing a plethora of processes in eukaryotic cells, circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a distinct class of RNAs that are predominantly produced by back-splicing of pre-mRNA. The most studied regulatory mechanisms involving circRNAs are acting as miRNA sponges, forming R-loops with genomic DNA, and encoding functional proteins. In addition to circRNAs generated by back-splicing, two types of circRNAs capable of autonomous RNA-RNA replication and systemic transport have been described in plants: viroids, which are infectious RNAs that cause a number of plant diseases, and retrozymes, which are transcripts of retrotransposon genomic loci that are capable of circularization due to ribozymes.

Application of Supercritical CO Extraction and Identification of Polyphenolic Compounds in Three Species of Wild Rose from Kamchatka: , , and .

A comparative metabolomic study of three varieties of wild Rosa (, , and ) from a Kamchatka expedition (2024) was conducted via extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide modified with ethanol (EtOH), and detection of bioactive compounds was realized via tandem mass spectrometry. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure range 50-350 bar, with the used volume of co-solvent ethanol in the amount of 2% in the liquid phase at a temperature in the range of 31-70 °C. The most effective extraction conditions are the following: pressure 200 Bar and temperature 55 °C for ; pressure 250 Bar and temperature 60 °C for ; pressure 200 Bar and temperature 60 °C for .

Highly Active Carbonic Anhydrase of the Thylakoid Lumen of .

The green unicellular algae contains 12-13 carbonic anhydrases (CAs). For a long time, the two closely related α-CAs of the periplasmic membrane CAH1 and CAH2 were considered to be the CAs with the highest CO hydration activity. The recombinant protein α-CA CAH3 (rCAH3) from the thylakoid lumen obtained in the present study showed more than three times higher activity compared to CAH1 and more than 11 times higher compared to previous studies with rCAH3.

Genetic Diversity of the Collection of Far Eastern spp. Revealed by RAD Sequencing Technology.

More than ten species of the Lindl. genus bear edible fruits rich in biologically active compounds, which are essential and beneficial for human health. The most popular cultivars today are the large-fruited species, and , commonly known as kiwi.

Artemisinin Stimulates Neuronal Cell Viability and Possess a Neuroprotective Effect In Vitro.

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the plant L., renowned for its antimalarial activity. Based on this compound, various derivatives and analogues have been obtained that exhibit diverse biological activities, including clinically approved drugs.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Granular Sorbents Based on Natural Bentonite Modified by Polyhydroxocations of Aluminum and Iron (III) by Co-Precipitation.

The physicochemical and adsorption properties of granular sorbents based on natural bentonite and modified sorbents based on it have been studied. It was found that modification of natural bentonite with iron (III) polyhydroxocations (mod. 1_Fe_5 GA) and aluminum (III) (mod.

Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity of 2-Methyl-5-nitro-6-phenylnicotinohydrazide-Based Hydrazones.

The synthetic availability and wide range of biological activity of hydrazides and hydrazones make them attractive subjects for investigation. In this study, we focused on synthesis of 2-methyl-5-nitro-6-phenylnicotinohydrazide-based hydrazones derived from the corresponding substituted aldehydes. The structure of the obtained compounds was studied using NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.

Novel Chlorin with a HYNIC: Synthesis, Tc-Radiolabeling, and Initial Preclinical Evaluation.

The use of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostics in oncology allows for the detection of the disease at an early stage. Among diagnostic radionuclides, Tc is a promising isotope that has been used to create several drugs for clinical use. One of the most effective Tc chelators is 6-hydrazinylnicotinic acid (HYNIC), which, when combined with various vector molecules, can be used for targeted delivery of radionuclides to tumor tissues.

Conjugation of Triterpenic Acids with 3-Aminoquinuclidine Moiety: An Approach to Acetylcholinesterase Mixed or Uncompetitive Type Inhibitors.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant public health issue. Despite the fact that today there are several methods of maintenance therapy, one of the most widely used methods is designed to correct the deficiency of acetylcholine. In the search for new potential inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, eight new derivatives of 3-oxo- or 2,3-indolo-triterpenic acid conjugated with amino-quinuclidine bicyclic cores were designed and synthesized.

Indocarbocyanine-Indodicarbocyanine (sCy3-sCy5) Absorptive Interactions in Conjugates and DNA Duplexes.

Sulfonated indocyanines 3 and 5 (sCy3, sCy5) are widely used to label biomolecules. Their high molar absorption coefficients and lack of spectral overlap with biopolymers make them ideal as linker components for rapid assessment of bioconjugate stoichiometry. We recently found that the determination of the sCy3:sCy5 molar ratio in a conjugate from its optical absorption spectrum is not straightforward, as the sCy3:sCy5 absorbance ratio at the maxima tends to be larger than expected.

Kinetic Aspects of Ethylene Glycol Degradation Using UV-C Activated Hydrogen Peroxide (HO/UV-C).

Ethylene glycol (EG) is a contaminant in the wastewater of airports because it is commonly used in aircraft deicing fluids during the cold season in northern regions. Ethylene glycol by itself has relatively low toxicity to mammals and aquatic organisms, but it can lead to a substantial increase in chemical and biological oxygen demands. The contamination of water with EG facilitates the rapid growth of microbial biofilms, which decreases the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water and negatively affects overall biodiversity.

Stock Dynamics of Female Red King Crab in a Small Bay of the Barents Sea in Relation to Environmental Factors.

Stock-recruitment relationships depend on the total abundance of females, their fecundity, and patterns of their maturation. However, the effects of climatic conditions on the abundance, biomass, and mean weight of female red king crabs, , from the introduced population (Barents Sea) have not yet been studied. For this reason, we analyzed long-term fluctuations in stock indices and the average weight of an individual crab in a small bay of the Barents Sea and related these parameters to the dynamics of temperature conditions (temperature in January-December, mean yearly temperature, and temperature anomaly) in the sea.

Global perspectives in acute and emergency general surgery in low and middle-income countries: a WSES project protocol for scoping review on global surgery.

Background: Around five billion people globally lack access to safe, timely, and affordable surgical facilities and care in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Global initiatives have been launched, including efforts led by organizations. Also, regional efforts have shed light on the unique challenges faced by different areas within LMICs.

Dent disease: Clinical Practice Recommendations.

Dent disease is a rare X-linked tubulopathy that is characterized by low-molecular-weight (LMW) proteinuria associated with hypercalciuria, which may lead to nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and kidney failure between the 3rd and the 5th decades of life in 30-80% of affected males. The disease is most often associated with various manifestations of proximal tubular dysfunction. Affected individuals may present nephrotic range proteinuria which may be misinterpreted and cause diagnostic delay.

Impact of algicidal fungus Aspergillus welwitschiae GF6 on harmful bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa: Growth and physiological responses.

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCB) have become a common issue in freshwater worldwide. Biological methods for controlling HCB are relatively cost effective and environmentally friendly. The strain of ascomycete GF6 was isolated from a water sample collected from the estuarine zone of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland.

Tuning chitosan properties to enhance blood coagulation.

The search for new hemostatic materials remains a priority for researchers, as the problem of uncontrolled hemorrhage during surgical interventions or traumatic injuries represents a significant challenge. The objective of the study was to identify novel polysaccharide structures with enhanced hemostatic properties based on chitosan. The number of chitosan derivatives with two substituents was synthesized and characterized by H NMR, FTIR.

Mid-term outcomes of frozen elephant trunk for chronic aortic dissection.

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the mid-term outcomes of the frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure for chronic aortic dissection (СAD).

Methods: From March 2012 to December 2022, 123 FET procedures were performed in patients with acute and chronic aortic dissection as well as aortic aneurysm. Fifty-five patients with chronic aortic dissection (CAD) were eligible for study.

Sr and Cs distribution in Chornobyl forests: 30 years after the nuclear accident.

The primary aim of this study was to quantify patterns in the distribution of Sr and Cs activity in pine (Pinus sylvestris L.: 18 sites) and birch (Betula pendula Roth.: 2 sites) forests within the Chornobyl exclusion zone, 30 years after the Chornobyl nuclear power plant (NPP) accident (1986).

Block synthesis of Forssman pentasaccharide GalNAcα1-3GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ in the form of 3-aminopropyl glycoside.

A total chemical synthesis of spacer-armed Forssman pentasaccharide is reported. The choice of the 2(donor) + 3(acceptor) block scheme, the optimal combination of a limited number of simple protecting groups and the sequence of deprotection steps allowed to achieve the high yield and stereoselectivity of glycosylation and to avoid losses during deprotection. The target pentasaccharide was obtained in a 10-mg scale.

Across the firewall: Foreign media's role in shaping Chinese social media narratives on the Russo-Ukrainian War.

There is a widespread perception that China's digital censorship distances its people from the global internet, and the Chinese Communist Party, through state-controlled media, is the main gatekeeper of information about foreign affairs. Our analysis of narratives about the Russo-Ukrainian War circulating on the Chinese social media platform Weibo challenges this view. Comparing narratives on Weibo with 8.