Platforms for the Search for New Antimicrobial Agents Using In Vivo C. elegans Models.

Despite the achievements brought about by high-throughput screening technologies, there is still a lack of effective platforms to be used to search for new antimicrobial drugs. The antimicrobial activity of compounds continues, for the most part, to be assessed mainly using pathogen cultures, a situation which does not make easy a detailed investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions. testing of promising compounds using chordate models is labor-intensive and expensive and, therefore, is used in preclinical studies of selected drug candidates but not in primary screening.

Peptide Mimicking Loop II of the Human Epithelial Protein SLURP-2 Enhances the Viability and Migration of Skin Keratinocytes.

The secreted human protein SLURP-2 is a regulator of epithelial homeostasis, which enhances the viability and migration of keratinocytes. The targets of SLURP-2 in keratinocytes are nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. This work is devoted to the search for the SLURP-2 functional regions responsible for enhancing keratinocyte viability and migration.

Reactive Byproducts of Plant Redox Metabolism and Protein Functions.

Living organisms exhibit an impressive ability to expand the basic information encoded in their genome, specifically regarding the structure and function of protein. Two basic strategies are employed to increase protein diversity and functionality: alternative mRNA splicing and post-translational protein modifications (PTMs). Enzymatic regulation is responsible for the majority of the chemical reactions occurring within living cells.

Visualization of Nucleic Acids in Microand Nanometer-Scale Biological Objects Using Analytical Electron Microscopy.

Analytical electron microscopy techniques, including energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), are employed in materials science and biology to visualize and chemically map diverse elements. This review presents cases of successful identification of nucleic acids in cells and in DNA- and RNA-containing viruses that use the chemical element phosphorus as a marker.

The Antibacterial Activity of Yeasts from Unique Biocenoses.

The replenishment of our stock of substances that possess a therapeutic potential is an important objective in modern biomedicine. Despite the important advances achieved in chemical synthesis, the natural diversity of organisms and microorganisms remains an important source of biologically active compounds. Here, we report the results of our study of a unique collection containing more than 3,000 samples of yeasts found on the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kuril Islands, and Sakhalin Island, Russia.

Scaling of shoot and root respiration of woody and herbaceous plants.

Woody and herbaceous plants are the main components of global terrestrial ecosystems, and their growth, adaptation and survival depend largely on the metabolism of shoots and roots. Therefore, understanding size-scaling of metabolic rates in woody and herbaceous plants, and in shoots and roots, is a fundamental issue in ecology. However, few empirical studies have examined metabolic scaling exponents across a wide range of plant sizes.

Parental Drinking Patterns and Adolescent Alcohol Consumption: Considering the Role of Sex and Developmental Stage.

Introduction: Research indicates that parental behaviors shape adolescents' alcohol consumption, but it is unclear whether mothers or fathers have a more significant impact and how this relationship varies by sex and developmental stage. This study examines the effects of parental alcohol consumption patterns on adolescents in Russia using a large representative sample.

Methods: The study employs pooled data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey-Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) from 2006 to 2019.

Wearable Multimodal Optical Analyzers: Physiological Variability and Reproducibility of Measurements.

The work is devoted to the study of the physiological variability of the microcirculatory-tissue system (MTS) parameters under normal conditions and during functional tests. The results were obtained in vivo using multimodal wearable analyzers implementing methods of laser Doppler flowmetry and fluorescence spectroscopy. Comprehensive data analysis and calculation of the coefficients of variation of the MTS parameters of the human body for various topographic and anatomical areas of the skin were carried out.

PSSKB: A Web Application to Study Protein Structures.

The proteins expressed during the cell cycle determine cell function and ensure signaling pathway activation in response to environmental influences. Developments in structural biology, biophysics, and bioinformatics provide information on the structure and function of particular proteins including that on the structural changes in proteins due to post-translational modification (PTM) and amino acid substitutions (AAS), which is essential for understanding protein function and life cycle. These are PTMs and AASs that often modulate the function and alter the stability and localization of a protein in a cell.

Method for determining of cytotoxicity based on the release of fluorescent proteins.

This paper describes a method for determining the cytotoxicity of chemical compounds based on the detection of fluorescent proteins-in this case, green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP), which are released into the medium from dead cells. This method is similar in principle to the lactate dehydrogenase test (LDH test), but it does not require a reaction with a chromogenic substrate. This method also makes it possible to independently determine the viability of different lines when used in cocultures.

Evaluation of the efficiency of smear layer removal during endodontic treatment using scanning electron microscopy: an in vitro study.

Background: The smear layer formed during root canal instrumentation negatively affects root canal irrigation activity, which in turn can affect the treatment prognosis of endodontic treatment.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of smear layer and debris removal in root canals using different irrigation protocols using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Materials And Methods: The quality of smear layer removal throughout the root canal was assessed in 30 intact extracted teeth divided into 3 groups according to the irrigation protocol: Group 1: 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) alternately with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acetate (EDTA) was used.

Mechanical properties of modern restorative "bioactive" dental materials - an in vitro study.

This study aimed at assessing the mechanical properties and degradation of commercial bioactive materials. The bioactive materials (Activa Bioactive Restorative, Beautifil Flow Plus F00, F03, Predicta Bulk Bioactive) and composite resin Filtek Supreme Flow were submitted to flexural and diametral tensile strength tests (FS, DTS), modulus of elasticity (ME) evaluation, and analysis of aging in 70% ethanol and saliva on their hardness and sorption. The results for DTS ranged from 33.

Insulator-metal transition in VO film on sapphire studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy.

Vanadium dioxide ([Formula: see text]) is a favorable material platform of modern optoelectronics, since it manifests the reversible temperature-induced insulator-metal transition (IMT) with an abrupt and rapid changes in the conductivity and optical properties. It makes possible applications of such a phase-change material in the ultra-fast optoelectronics and terahertz (THz) technology. Despite the considerable interest to this material, data on its broadband electrodynamic response in different states are still missing in the literature.

Nanoscale nonlocal thermal transport and thermal field emission in high-current resonant tunnel structures.

We present a nonlinear model of thermal field emission in resonant tunneling nanostructures with multiple barriers and potential wells, based on an accurate determination of the quantum potential shape and a rigorous solution of the Schrödinger equation, while considering thermal balance. The model applies to vacuum and semiconductor resonant tunnel diode and triode structures with two and three electrodes and to the general case of two-way tunneling with electrode heating. The complete balance of heat release and transfer is accounted for, with heat transport considered ballistic.

Plant interactions associated with a directional shift in the richness range size relationship during the Glacial-Holocene transition in the Arctic.

A nearly ubiquitous negative relationship between taxonomic richness and mean range-size (average area of taxa) is observed across space. However, the complexity of the mechanism limits its applicability for conservation or range prediction. We explore whether the relationship holds over time, and whether plant speciation, environmental heterogeneity, or plant interactions are major factors of the relationship within northeast Siberia and Alaska.

Enhancing strategies of MOFs-derived materials for microwave absorption: review and perspective.

Microwave absorption materials (MAMs) gradually exhibit crucial applications in reducing electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution, avoiding EMW information leakage, and solving radar stealth. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived materials are flourishing in the domain of EMW absorption attributed to their especial structures, heteroatom doping and controllable components. Herein, various strategies to enhance the EMW absorption ability of MOFs-derived materials are outlined, covering structural design and compositional regulation.

EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis: 2023 update.

Objectives: To update the 2017 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations for treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc), incorporating new evidence and therapies.

Methods: An international task force was convened in line with EULAR standard operating procedures. A nominal group technique exercise was performed in two rounds to define questions underpinning a subsequent systematic literature review.

Preparation of ,-[Pt(py)(N)(OH)] via Photoinduced Reactivity of [Pt(NO)] Anion.

The photoinduced reaction of [Pt(NO)] with pyridine or its derivatives (L) was found to result in the formation of [PtL](NO) salts in high yield. This transformation was successfully probed for methyl- and carboxyethyl-substituted pyridines, and the corresponding [PtL](NO) salts were isolated and fully characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). Anation of the [Pt(py)] cationic complex with N was studied by H NMR spectroscopy in aqueous and water/dimethyl sulfoxide solutions of [Pt(py)](NO).

The Role of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in Early Luminal HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Progression.

Objectives: To study the predictive role of tumor-associated neutrophils in early luminal HER2-negative breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on 60 women cases aged from 31 to 79 years underwent surgery for luminal HER2-negative ductal breast cancer in tertiary care cancer centre. We first estimated basic morphological signs: tumor size, tumor grade (by Nottingham Histologic Score), tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Lymphovascular invasion, hormonal receptors status, proliferative index, and regional lymph nodes metastasis.

Regioselective synthesis of 5-azaindazoles based on the intramolecular amination reaction of 5-acyl-4-pyridones with hydrazines.

The labile tautomerism of -unsubstituted 5-acyl-4-pyridones, which exist in the form of 4-pyridone or 4-hydroxypyridine depending on the solvent, has been demonstrated. This equilibrium determines the reactivity of pyridones and their ability to undergo substitution reactions of the OH group. A regioselective and convenient method for the construction of functionalized pyrazolo[4,3-]pyridines (30-93%) based on the intramolecular amination reaction of 4-pyridones with hydrazines has been developed.

Aging women in Russia: Between sexless and sexy oldies.

Women's sexuality as a dimension of embodied identity is shaped and constrained by social norms of gender and age and negotiated by women in complex ways. Discourses of hegemonic bodily normativity ascribe a sexless subjectivity to Russian women in their post-reproductive years, contributing to their social exclusion. At the same time, in modern Russian society a neoliberal concept of "successful active aging" is gradually changing understandings of aging, making later-life sexuality more visible and legitimate.

Exploring the luminescent and thermometric potentials of samarium(III) diketonate complexes with extended fluoroalkyl chains.

We synthesized and investigated a new series of Sm 1,3-diketonate complexes with CF-homologous thiophene-containing ligands. A clear correlation was found between the number of fluorine atoms in the 1,3-diketone's carbon chain and the luminescent properties of the samarium(III) complexes. The ligand modification method employed facilitates targeted and significant enhancements in the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY).

Generation of novel bpm6 and dmr6 mutants with broad-spectrum resistance using a modified CRISPR/Cas9 system in Brassica oleracea.

Using an optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out the BTB-POZ and MATH domain gene BoBPM6 and the DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE 6 gene in Brassica oleracea resulted in new lines with broad-spectrum disease resistance.

Oral rivaroxaban for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis in outpatients: a propensity score-matched comparison with a historical inpatient population.

Background: Despite the guidelines' appeal to treat patients with deep vein thrombosis and low-risk pulmonary embolism in outpatient settings, the real-world evidence shows a high prevalence of inpatient therapy leading to unwarranted health resource utilization. The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in outpatient settings compared to inpatient treatment.

Methods: A propensity score-matched comparison with a historical inpatient population was performed based on a retrospective analysis of patients with deep vein thrombosis and without pulmonary embolism treated as outpatients with oral rivaroxaban.

Delving Into lncRNA-Mediated Regulation of Autophagy-Associated Signaling Pathways in the Context of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is a multifaceted and prevalent malignancy, impacting a considerable proportion of women globally. Numerous signaling pathways intricately regulate cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, and survival. Among the various regulators, lncRNAs have emerged as significant players despite their inability to encode proteins.