[Studying the possibility of using methods for assessing expressive speech developmental disorders in children 3-6 years old].

Objective: To study the possibility of using methods (DP-3, speech therapy examination, neuropsychological study) to assess expressive speech development disorders in children aged 3 to 6 years inclusive.

Material And Methods: The study included 60 children with expressive speech disorder aged 3 to 6 years. At the initial stage, linguistic validation of the questionnaire was carried out according to generally accepted recommendations.

[Relationship between cognitive status and other geriatric syndromes in patients aged 65 years and older with chronic heart failure.].

This article presents the incidence of geriatric syndromes in patients with chronic heart failure 65 years of age and older, depending on cognitive status. At the Russian gerontological center, 149 people with confirmed chronic heart failure were selected according to the European criteria of 2021. In this sample, 50,3% of patients had mild cognitive impairment, and 17,5% had severe cognitive impairment.

[Prevalence of cognitive impairment in older adults in the Russian Federation].

Dementia is one of the main challenges to modern society. According to estimated data, as of 2019, there were 1.949.

[Cerebral amyloid angiopathy].

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a progressive disease characterized by the deposition of β-amyloid in the walls of blood vessels in the brain, which leads to their damage and disruption of normal blood flow. Morphologically, CAA is characterized by both isolated lesions (microhemorrhages with the appearance of cortical superficial siderosis, lacunar infarctions) and widespread changes (hyperintensity of the deep and periventricular white matter, expansion of the perivascular spaces) of cortical and subcortical localization. CAA is considered a major cause of cognitive impairment and intracerebral microbleeds, especially in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

[Pharmacotherapy approaches to vascular mild cognitive impairment in patients of different age groups].

The article discusses the possibilities of pharmacotherapy of moderate vascular cognitive impairment in different age groups. The results of a double-blind randomized clinical trial «MEMO» using the antioxidant and antihypoxic drug Mexidol are presented. On the basis of cognitive scales, when using a sequential course of parenteral and oral administration of mexidol, its reliable effectiveness was shown in each of the three analyzed groups: 40-60 years old, 61-75 years old and 76-90 years old.

[Post-COVID syndrome in the neurological practice].

Postcovid syndrome (PCS) is a complex multifactorial clinical condition that is a frequent complication of COVID-19. The development of PCS does not depend on the severity of the initial infectious disease, it has a pronounced effect on the quality of life and is characterized by a tendency to a protracted course. In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it is important to develop common approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from this medical condition.

[Treatment of cognitive, behavioral and mental disorders in patients with vascular dementia: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial].

Objective: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Prospect in the treatment of cognitive, behavioral and mental disorders in patients with vascular dementia (VSD).

Material And Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomised clinical trial, 406 patients aged 60-85 years old with a diagnosis of mild/moderate vascular dementia (10-24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) and without signs of depression (Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) scores ≤10) were included. At Visit 1, complaints and medical history were collected, vital signs were recorded, cognitive impairment was assessed using MMSE and MoCA, NPI-C and CSDD were completed, and an MRI brain scan was performed.

eHealth in Geriatric Rehabilitation: An International Survey of the Experiences and Needs of Healthcare Professionals.

While eHealth can help improve outcomes for older patients receiving geriatric rehabilitation, the implementation and integration of eHealth is often complex and time-consuming. To use eHealth effectively in geriatric rehabilitation, it is essential to understand the experiences and needs of healthcare professionals. In this international multicentre cross-sectional study, we used a web-based survey to explore the use, benefits, feasibility and usability of eHealth in geriatric rehabilitation settings, together with the needs of working healthcare professionals.

A prospective randomized comparative placebo-controlled double-blind study in two groups to assess the effect of the use of biologically active additives with Siberian fir terpenes for the biological age of a person.

A prospective randomized comparative placebo-controlled double-blind study was carried out based on Arterial Indices model of biological age. The study involved 60 men and women aged 40-65 years that were randomly divided into two equal groups of 30 people: the main group and the control one. The study participants from the main group received a dietary supplement containing Siberian fir terpenes, limonene, alpha-linolenic acid, and vitamin E-1 capsule 3 times a day for 90 days.

Altered Mitochondrial Morphology and Bioenergetics in a New Yeast Model Expressing Aβ42.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable, age-related neurological disorder, the most common form of dementia. Considering that AD is a multifactorial complex disease, simplified experimental models are required for its analysis. For this purpose, genetically modified yeast strains expressing Aβ42 (the main biomarker of AD), eGFP-Aβ42, Aβ40, and eGFP-Aβ40 were constructed and examined.

Clinical Outcome and Risk Assessment in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Elevated Transaminases and Acute Kidney Injury: A Single Center Study.

Objectives: Initial reports indicate a high incidence of abnormal aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in patients with COVID-19 and possible association with acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to investigate clinical features of elevated transaminases on admission, its association with AKI, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the registered data of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and assessment of the AST and ALT was performed.

[Efficacy of Mexidol in patients with chronic brain ischemia and cognitive impairment of different age groups (results of sub-analysis of the international multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of sequential therapy in patients with chronic brain ischemia MEMO)].

Objective: To assess the efficacy of sequential therapy with Mexidol and Mexidol FORTE 250 in comparison with placebo in patients of different age groups with chronic brain ischemia.

Material And Methods: The study is sub-analysis of data of the international multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of sequential therapy in patients with chronic brain ischemia (MEMO), which included 318 patients (25% men) in the age of 40-90 (median 60) years. All subjects were subdivided into 3 age subgroups: 40-60 years (=163), 61-75 years (=141) and 76-90 years (=13).

[Epithelial protective therapy in comorbid diseases. Practical Guidelines for Physicians].

This document was produced with the support of the National Medical Association for the Study of Comorbidities (NASС). In 2021 the first multidisciplinary National Consensus on the pathophysiological and clinical aspects of Increased Epithelial Permeability Syndrome was published. The proposed guidelines are developed on the basis of this Consensus, by the same team of experts.

[The prevalence of anemia and its associations with other geriatric syndromes in subjects over 65 years old: data of Russian epidemiological study EVKALIPT].

Background: A low hemoglobin level in older adults impairs cognitive ability and functional status and associates with risk of falls and fractures, sarcopenia, malnutrition, depression, frailty, and decreased autonomy. Epidemiological data on the anemia prevalence in the geriatric population in our country is not available.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of anemia and analyze its associations with geriatric syndromes (GS) in subjects aged 65 years.

[The National Consensus statement on the management of adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and main comorbidities].

The National Consensus was prepared with the participation of the National Medical Association for the Study of the Multimorbidity, Russian Scientific Liver Society, Russian Association of Endocrinologists, Russian Association of Gerontologists and Geriatricians, National Society for Preventive Cardiology, Professional Foundation for the Promotion of Medicine Fund PROFMEDFORUM. The aim of the multidisciplinary consensus is a detailed analysis of the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the main associated conditions. The definition of NAFLD is given, its prevalence is described, methods for diagnosing its components such as steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis are described.

Genetic mechanisms of aging in plants: What can we learn from them?

Plants hold all records in longevity. Their aging is a complex process. In the presented review, we analyzed published data on various aspects of plant aging with focus on any inferences that could shed a light on aging in animals and help to fight it in human.

[Vitamin B12 in the treatment and prevention of cognitive disorders in the elderly].

Vitamin B (cobalamin) deficiency is a common condition in the elderly. Contrary to the established point of view, the absence of hematological changes (macrocytic anemia) does not always necessarily exclude this condition. Damage of the nervous system with the development of a complex of neurological and mental disorders is observed even at borderline levels of vitamin in blood.

Primary myxoid leiomyosarcoma of renal pelvis: Case report and literature review.

Leiomyosarcoma arising from renal pelvis is a very rare disease. A patient was admitted to hospital with left renal colic due to nephrolithiasis, with a filling defect in renal pelvis that was considered to be a blood clot. Diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was made after visual inspection and biopsy of the exophytic lesion.

[Influence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, history of cardiovascular diseases, and structural and functional state of the heart on 3-year survival in persons 95 years and older.].

In recent years, more and more works have appeared that with age, classic risk factors that negatively affect the prognosis (cardiovascular diseases) lose their influence on life expectancy. The study aimed to assess the influence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors and structural and functional characteristics of the heart on three-year survival in people 95 years and older. The study involved 69 patients 95 years and older (98±1,9 years), 61 (88,4%) were women.