Analgesic Activity of the Low Molecular Weight Neurotrophin-3 Dipeptide Mimetic GTS-301.

It was previously shown that the original dipeptide mimetic of the 4th loop of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) hexamethylenediamide bis-(N-monosuccinyl-L-asparaginyl-L-asparagine) (GTS-301), like the full-length neurotrophin, predominantly activates the tyrosine kinase receptor TrkC and has a neuroprotective effect in vitro at concentrations of 10-10 M, as well as antidiabetic (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) and antidepressant (5 and 10 mg/kg) effects after systemic administration in rodents.

Cardiac Lymph Flow Features and New Opportunities for Their Experimental Visualization.

The aim of this study was to describe the features of myocardial lymph flow using a new combined method of visualization of the lymphatic system. The study was performed on pig hearts harvested from a local slaughterhouse. The original dye, consisting of lipid-soluble chlorophyll and lipiodol, was injected stepwise into the lymphatic vessels.

Mechanisms of Antitumor Activity of Low Doses of Radiation Associated with Activation of Cells' Defense System.

Background: The effects of ionizing radiation (IR) involve a highly orchestrated series of events in cells, including DNA damage and repair, cell death, and changes in the level of proliferation associated with the stage of the cell cycle. A large number of existing studies in literature have examined the activity of genes and their regulators in mammalian cells in response to high doses of ionizing radiation. Although there are many studies, the research in effect of low doses of ionizing radiation remains limited.

Nudibranch Coryphella trophina (Bergh, 1890) (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) Uses Twice Stolen Nematocysts for Its Defense.

Most nudibranchs feed on hydroids and anemones and utilize kleptocnidae, which are stinging capsules stolen from eaten victims, for their own defense. The nudibranch Coryphella trophina (Bergh, 1890) was found to eat other nudibranchs. Stinging capsules that the predator uses for its defense have been stolen twice: first by mollusks feeding on cnidarians and then by C.

Expression of HOX Cluster Genes in Early Larval Development of Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Echinodermata, Echinoidea).

Expression of 11 genes of the Hox cluster (SiHox1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9/10, 11/13a, 11/13b, and 11/13c) was assessed in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius at early developmental stages, including the blastula (13 h post fertilization (hpf)), gastrula (35 hpf), prism (46 hpf), and pluteus (4 and 9 days post fertilization (dpf)) stages. Expression of SiHox7, 11/13b, and 11/13c was observed at the blastula stage; early activation of 11/13c was detected for the first time in regular sea urchins. The expression level was very low at the gastrula and prism stages.

In Vivo UV-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Skin in Parkinson's Disease.

Characteristic patterns of UV-induced skin autofluorescence were determined for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and associated with dysmetabolic alterations, such as nonenzymatic protein glycation, an increase in extracellular matrix stiffness, impaired metabolism of tissue fluorophores, mitochondrial dysfunction, and accumulation of aberrant proteins. Key differences in skin autofluorescence spectra were for the first time observed in PD, making it possible to discriminate between PD patients and healthy persons or individuals without signs of chronic neurodegeneration. Namely, skin fluorescence related to the reflected signal upon excitation with UV light at 375 nm was lower in PD patients.

Efficacy of Poloxamer 188 in Carboplatin-Induced Aplastic Anemia Model in CBA Mice.

Poloxamer 188 (P188) was tested for effect on medullary hematopoiesis in aplastic anemia. P188 was administered to CBA mice with developing anemia via oral gavage at doses of 10, 100, and 500 mg/kg. A dose-dependent effect was observed, including an increase in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and reticulocyte count.

SUMOylation of TRIM28 is positively modulated by the BTB/POZ domain of Kaiso.

Background: TRIM28 plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability and establishing imprinting, facilitated by the diversity of KRAB zinc finger proteins. The SUMOylation of TRIM28 is essential for its function and is enhanced in the presence of the KRAB domain. Previously, we demonstrated that Kaiso, another factor capable of interacting with TRIM28, can promote its SUMOylation.

Centriolar cap proteins CP110 and CPAP control slow elongation of microtubule plus ends.

Centrioles are microtubule-based organelles required for the formation of centrosomes and cilia. Centriolar microtubules, unlike their cytosolic counterparts, are stable and grow very slowly, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we reconstituted in vitro the interplay between the proteins that cap distal centriole ends and control their elongation: CP110, CEP97, and CPAP/SAS-4.

Hypoxia-activated dissociation of heteroleptic cobalt(III) complexes with functionalized 2,2'-bipyridines and a model anticancer drug esculetin.

A low oxygen level in solid tumors is behind the modern concept of selective chemotherapy by hypoxia-activated prodrugs, such as heteroleptic complexes of transition metals (cobalt(III), iron(III) or platinum(IV)) with bi- or tetradentate ligands and an anticancer drug molecule as a co-ligand. A series of new cobalt(III) complexes [Co(LR)(esc)]ClO with esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) and 2,2'-bipyridines (2,2'-bipy) functionalized by different substituents R were probed in the hypoxia-activated delivery of this model anticancer drug. Their combined study by cyclic voltammetry and NMR spectroscopy allowed identifying linear correlations of the electrochemical reduction potentials and the rate of the hypoxia-activated dissociation of [Co(LR)(esc)]ClO with the Hammett constants of the substituents in 2,2'-bipy ligands.

Physico-chemical properties and substrate specificity of α-(1→3)-d-glucan degrading recombinant mutanase from expressed in .

Unlabelled: The gene encoding fungus mutanase (MutA, GH71 family, α-1,3-glucanase, EC 3.2.1.

Circulating microRNAs as Biomarkers of Various Forms of Epilepsy.

: Epilepsy is a group of disorders characterized by a cluster of clinical and EEG signs leading to the formation of abnormal synchronous excitation of neurons in the brain. It is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide; and is characterized by aberrant expression patterns; both at the level of matrix transcripts and at the level of regulatory RNA sequences. Aberrant expression of a number of microRNAs can mark a particular epileptic syndrome; which will improve the quality of differential diagnosis.

Impact of Gene Knockout on Cell Aggregation in Suspension Culture.

The development of efficient producers of recombinant pharmaceuticals based on plant cell suspension cultures is a pressing challenge in modern applied science. A primary limitation of plant cell cultures is their relatively low yield of the target protein. One strategy to enhance culture productivity involves reducing cell aggregation.

Reducing the Formation of Toxic Byproducts During the Photochemical Release of Epinephrine.

Engineered light-sensitive molecules offer a sophisticated toolkit for the manipulation of biological systems with both spatial and temporal precision. Notably, artificial "caged" compounds can activate specific receptors solely in response to light exposure. However, the uncaging process can lead to the formation of potentially harmful byproducts.

Changes in the Spatial Structure of Synchronization Connections in EEG During Nocturnal Sleep Apnea.

This study involved 72 volunteers divided into two groups according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): AHI>15 episodes per hour (ep/h) (main group, n=39, including 28 men, median AHI 44.15, median age 47), 0≤AHI≤15ep/h (control group, n=33, including 12 men, median AHI 2, median age 28). Each participant underwent polysomnography with a recording of 19 EEG channels.

Nanosecond Molecular Motion in pHP1α Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Captured by Solid-State NMR.

The relationship among protein structure, function, and dynamics is fundamental to biological activity, particularly in more complex biomolecular systems. Solid-state and solution-state NMR techniques offer powerful means to probe these dynamics across various time scales. However, standard assumptions about molecular motion are often challenged in phase-separated systems like phosphorylated heterochromatin protein 1 alpha (pHP1α), which exhibit both solid- and solution-like characteristics.

Mothers' and Fathers' Experiences of Family Relations and Parenting During the First Year of Parenthood.

The first year of parenthood is considered to be a challenging period, associated with the transformation of family relations. The links between family relations and parenting are widely studied. However, in most research only a limited number of indicators is investigated, and there is a lack of data on the agreement between mothers' and fathers' evaluations of family relations.

MicroRNA Expression in High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma With 11q Aberration.

Mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), show variations in microRNA (miRNA) expression. The entity of High-grade B-cell lymphoma with 11q aberration (HGBCL-11q) shares several biological features with both BL and DLBCL but data on its miRNA expression profile are yet scarce. Hence, this study aims to analyze the potential differences in miRNA expression of HGBCL-11q compared to BL and DLBCL.

PET/CT Imaging of the Right Heart Perfusion and Glucose Metabolism Depending on a Risk Status in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Right ventricular heart failure (RV HF) is the leading cause of death in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Relevance of the low-risk status assessment using available diagnostic tools requires a reliable confirmation. The study aimed to evaluate right ventricular perfusion and glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) with [13N]-ammonia and [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) in 30 IPAH patients (33.

Bimodal Patterns of Locomotor Activity and Sleep in : A Model for Their Simulation.

Purpose: Two previously proposed modelling approaches to explain the bimodal pattern of activity and/or sleep in are based on 1) the concept of morning and evening oscillators underlying the peaks of activity in the morning and evening, respectively, and 2) the concept of two cycles of buildup and decay of sleep pressure, gated only by the circadian oscillator. Previously, we simulated 24-h alertness-sleepiness curves in humans using a model postulating the circadian modulation of the buildup and decay phases of two (wake and sleep) homeostatic processes. Here, we tested whether a similar model could be applied to simulate the bimodal 24-h rhythm of fly locomotor activity and sleep.

Caledonian reactivation and reworking of Timanian thrust systems and implications for latest Mesoproterozoic to mid-Paleozoic tectonics and magmatism in northern Baltica.

Background: The Trollfjorden-Komagelva Fault Zone is the southernmost thrust fault of the Timanian Orogen and extends for thousands of kilometers from northwestern Russia to northern Norway. Though there is little about its location onshore northeastern Norway, where it is mapped as a major fault system dominantly comprised of NNE-dipping thrust faults, its continuation to the west below Caledonian nappes and offshore post-Caledonian sedimentary basins remains a matter of debate.

Methods: The present study provides a more definitive answer about the continuation of Trollfjorden-Komagelva Fault Zone west of the Varanger Peninsula by using seismic reflection, bathymetric, topographic, and magnetic data onshore Finnmark and offshore on the Finnmark Platform.

Same, same but different? A Discourse Network Analysis of the EU's framings of refugee arrivals in 2015 and 2022.

The European Union (EU) experienced two major instances of refugee influx: in 2015, refugees, mainly from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq fled civil war, persecution, and dire conditions in neighbouring countries and in 2022, Ukrainians fled from Russia's full-scale invasion. Fusing theoretical insights on framing and crisification of migration, we ask: How do EU actors frame situations of refugee mass influx? Employing a Discourse Network Analysis, we examine EU representatives' framing of both instances with respect to three analytical foci: (1) who or what they considered to be in crisis, (2) their framing of refugees; and (3) who they saw to be responsible for solving the crisis. We show how, in 2015, EU representatives framed mass displacement predominantly as a crisis at and of Europe's borders, and refugees as threats to Member States' public, economic and cultural security.

Long-term dynamics of placozoan culture: emerging models for population and space biology.

As the simplest free-living animal, (Placozoa) is emerging as a powerful paradigm to decipher molecular and cellular bases of behavior, enabling integrative studies at all levels of biological organization in the context of metazoan evolution and parallel origins of neural organization. However, the progress in this direction also depends on the ability to maintain a long-term culture of placozoans. Here, we report the dynamic of cultures over 11 years of observations from a starting clonal line, including 7 years of culturing under antibiotic (ampicillin) treatment.

Evaluation of 16S rRNA genes sequences and genome-based analysis for identification of non-pathogenic .

16S rRNA genes sequencing has been used for routine species identification and phylogenetic studies of bacteria. However, the high sequence similarity between some species and heterogeneity within copies at the intragenomic level could be a limiting factor of discriminatory ability. In this study, we aimed to compare 16S rRNA genes sequences and genome-based analysis (core SNPs and ANI) for identification of non-pathogenic .

A family of coexisting multi-scroll chaos and its selected control in coupled non-oscillatory neurons: A case study.

This study presents a family of coexisting multi-scroll chaos in a network of coupled non-oscillatory neurons. The dynamics of the system are analyzed using phase portraits, basins of attraction, time series, bifurcation diagrams, and spectra of Lyapunov exponents. The coexistence of multiple bifurcation diagrams leads to a complex pattern of multi-scroll formation, which is further complicated by the presence of coexisting single-scroll attractors that merge to form multi-scroll chaos.