Using Zebrafish Models to Study Epitranscriptomic Regulation of CNS Functions.

Epitranscriptomic regulation of cell functions involves multiple post-transcriptional chemical modifications of coding and non-coding RNA that are increasingly recognized in studying human brain disorders. Although rodent models are presently widely used in neuroepitranscriptomic research, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a useful and promising alternative model species. Mounting evidence supports the importance of RNA modifications in zebrafish CNS function, providing additional insights into epitranscriptomic mechanisms underlying a wide range of brain disorders.

Diet and trophic structure of fishes in the Barents Sea: between empty and full stomachs - large individual variability follows a common pattern.

More than 27,000 stomachs from 70 species of fish were collected from the Barents Sea in 2015. Quantitative stomach content expressed relative to the body weight of the predator fish (g g as %) varied by four to five orders of magnitude for six species with the largest sample size (Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus, Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, long rough dab Hippoglossoides platessoides, polar cod Boreogadus saida, and Atlantic capelin Mallotus villosus). The quantitative stomach contents of individual fish followed a common and strict statistical relationship for predator species or groups of species (by families), and for prey categories across predator species.

Advantages of aptamers as ligands upon protein detection by AFM-based fishing.

A combined AFM/MS method was employed for protein registration in solution. This method is based on reversible specific capturing of a target protein from a large volume of analyzed solution onto a small sensor area of a chip with immobilized aptamer ligands. Fishing of the core antigen of hepatitis C virus (HCVcoreAg) from 10 M solution of this protein in buffer was carried out.

Unlocking Mechanisms for Soil Organic Matter Accumulation: Carbon Use Efficiency and Microbial Necromass as the Keys.

Soil microorganisms transform plant-derived C (carbon) into particulate organic C (POC) and mineral-associated C (MAOC) pools. While microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is widely recognized in current biogeochemical models as a key predictor of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, large-scale empirical evidence is limited. In this study, we proposed and experimentally tested two predictors of POC and MAOC pool formation: microbial necromass (using amino sugars as a proxy) and CUE (by O-HO approach).

B-doped nano-hydroxyapatite facilitates proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the mechanism by which Boron-doped nano-hydroxyapatite (B-nHAp) facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts through controlled release of B.

Methods: B-nHAp characterization was accomplished by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were subjected to flow cytometry, alizarin red S staining, and cell counting kit-8 assay for proliferation and differentiation determination.

Morpho-physiological digestive features of genetically closely related sympatric lacustrine whitefish forms with different feeding habits.

The effect of different feeding habits on gut morphology and digestive function has been intensively studied during the last decades but sympatric closely related fishes are relatively rare objects of such studies. In the present study, we have identified both morphological and physiological changes in the digestive system of a sympatric pair of whitefish represented by "normal" Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (benthivorous) and "dwarf" C. l.

Choroidal thickness under pilocarpine versus cyclopentolate.

Bruch´s membrane (BM) is firmly connected posteriorly to the optic nerve head through the peripapillary choroidal border tissue, and anteriorly through the longitudinal ciliary muscle to the scleral spur. We assessed, whether a difference in the contractile state of the ciliary muscle influences the position of the posterior BM by lifting the posterior BM pole, i.e.

Frequency-specific changes in prefrontal activity associated with maladaptive belief updating in volatile environments in euthymic bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) involves altered reward processing and decision-making, with inconsistencies across studies. Here, we integrated hierarchical Bayesian modelling with magnetoencephalography (MEG) to characterise maladaptive belief updating in this condition. First, we determined if previously reported increased learning rates in BD stem from a heightened expectation of environmental changes.

Redesigning methionine γ-lyase for improved stability and catalytic activity in the β-elimination reaction for the synthesis of thiosulfinates.

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes are involved in many cellular processes and possess unequalled catalytic versatility. Rational design through site-directed mutagenesis is a powerful strategy for creating tailor-made enzymes for a wide range of biocatalytic applications. PLP-dependent methionine γ-lyase (MGL), which degrades sulfur-containing amino acids, is an encouraging enzyme for many therapeutic purposes - from combating bacterial resistant strains and fungi to antitumor activity.

Outcomes after medical treatment for primary aldosteronism: an international consensus and analysis of treatment response in an international cohort.

Background: Primary aldosteronism can be treated medically but there is no standardised method to evaluate treatment outcomes. We aimed to develop criteria for assessing the outcomes of targeted medical treatment of primary aldosteronism, analyse outcomes across an international cohort, and identify factors associated with a complete treatment response.

Methods: An international panel of 31 primary aldosteronism experts used the Delphi method to reach consensus on the definition of complete, partial, or absent biochemical and clinical outcomes of medical treatment of primary aldosteronism.

SMAD2/3 signaling determines the colony architecture in a hydrozoan, Dynamena pumila.

Most hydrozoan cnidarians form complex colonies that vary in size, shape, and branching patterns. However, little is known about the molecular genetic mechanisms responsible for the diversity of the hydrozoan body plans. The Nodal signaling pathway has previously been shown to be essential for setting up a new body axis in a budding Hydra.

Cell-type dependent effect of 3D collagen matrix on cancer cell resistance to suboptimal conditions: the case of serum deprivation, glucose starvation, and hypoxia.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) and its primary chemical components, including collagen, play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The ECM actively regulates cell proliferation, migration, and, importantly, resistance to various adverse factors. It is widely recognized as a key factor in modifying the resistance of tumor cells to various treatment modalities and cytotoxic compounds.

Designing and clinical application of a 3D-printed personalized model of a radiofrequency needle guide with a maxillary fixator for puncture of the gasserian ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to present a newly designed 3D-printed personalized model (3D PPM) of a radiofrequency needle guide with a maxillary fixation for gasserian ganglion (GG) puncture.

Methods: Implementation of 3D CT-guided radiofrequency therapy of the GG with and without use of 3D PPM was analyzed. The following parameters were assessed: radiation time, dose area product, air kerma reference point, pain severity during the puncture needle insertion, prosopalgia regression degree (according to visual analog scale) and the severity of facial numbness (according to the Barrow Neurological Institute scale) in the early postoperative period, and postpuncture complications.

Multidimensional Resonance Controlled by Critical Size in Printed Binary Colloidal Crystals for High-Contrast Imaging.

Colloidal crystal engineering enables the precise construction of structures with remarkable properties. However, the flexible and synergistic regulation of multiple properties of colloidal crystals remains a significant challenge. Here, we inspire from Brazilian opals to self-assemble polymer nanoparticles in the gaps of a single-layer opal substrate to fabricate large-scale binary colloidal crystals (BCCs).

Novel Allele HLA-B*52:130, Identified by Next-Generation Sequencing.

The new HLA-B*52:130 allele showed one nonsynonymous nucleotide difference compared to the HLA-B*52:01:01:01 allele in codon 170.

A case of simultaneous bilateral pulmonary resection for arteriovenous pulmonary malformation.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a congenital vascular pathology, which is caused by the presence of a direct connection between the branches of the artery and the veins of the lungs, and the discharge of unoxygenated blood into the arterial bed. Arteriovenous malformations are characterized by a wide variety of clinical manifestations and, in some cases, may be accompanied with severe circulatory disorders.

Revision of the millipede family Dalodesmidae in Madagascar, with descriptions of two new Malagasy species of Cook, 1896 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida).

The family Dalodesmidae Cook, 1896 in the fauna of Madagascar is reviewed and shown to presently encompass eight species in three genera: Cook, 1896 (six species), Brölemann, 1916 (one species), and de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897 (one species). These genera are diagnosed, and their respective species keyed, all being endemic to Madagascar proper and/or the immediately adjacent islets of Nosy Be and/or Nosy Sakatia. currently contains six species, including two new, all supplied either with brief descriptive notes and available iconography or extensive descriptions and new illustrations, as follows: (Brandt, 1841), from an unspecified locality in Madagascar, now redescribed from a male specimen from Makira, northeastern Madagascar; (Attems, 1898), from Nosy Be Isle; Hoffman, 1974, from Ambohimitombo, central Madagascar; Cook, 1896 (= (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), ), originally described from an unspecified locality in central Madagascar, with a male type and additional males identified as recorded from the Andasibe National Park (= Périnet) in east-central Madagascar.

Fabrication of high-density vertical CNT arrays using thin porous alumina template for biosensing applications.

This paper explores the process of forming arrays of vertically oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) localized on metal electrodes using thin porous anodic alumina (PAA) on a solid substrate. On a silicon substrate, a titanium film served as the electrode layer, and an aluminium film served as the base layer in the initial film structure. A PAA template was formed from the Al film using two-step electrochemical anodizing.

Novel efficient reservoir computing methodologies for regular and irregular time series classification.

Time series is a data structure prevalent in a wide range of fields such as healthcare, finance and meteorology. It goes without saying that analyzing time series data holds the key to gaining insight into our day-to-day observations. Among the vast spectrum of time series analysis, time series classification offers the unique opportunity to classify the sequences into their respective categories for the sake of automated detection.

Healthy aging changes in conventional frequency bands of neuroelectric brain activity reconstructed from resting-state MEG.

Age-related dependencies of electric and spectral powers in conventional frequency bands were studied by the newly proposed method of detailed spectral analysis. The magnetic encephalograms (MEG) and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the head were obtained from the open archive Cam-CAN. The spatial distributions of elementary spectral components (MEG-based functional tomograms) were reconstructed from MEG for 501 subjects (248 males and 253 females, ages 18-88 years, mean age 54.

Zinc, copper, copper-to-zinc ratio, and other biometals in blood serum and tumor tissue of patients with colorectal cancer.

The objective of the present study was to assess serum and cancerous tissue biometal levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and its relation to disease severity. A total of 90 CRC patients and 97 controls were involved in the present study. The level of biometals in blood serum and colon tissues (only in CRC cases) was evaluated by inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry.

Global Potential Geographic Distribution of Anthonomus eugenii Under Climate Change: A Comprehensive Analysis Based on an Ensemble Modeling Approach.

Climate warming is affecting the ranges and population dynamics of invasive species, including insects, which have become a global problem, causing biodiversity declines and agricultural economic losses. Anthonomus eugenii as an important invasive pest on pepper is now mainly located in the USA and Mexico. However, the global potential geographic distribution (PGD) of A.

Comparison of management options for spontaneous bleeding into soft tissues in patients with COVID-19.

Spontaneous bleeding into soft tissues was a common complication of anticoagulant therapy among critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to evaluate the impact of different treatment methods on survival among COVID-19 patients with active or self-resolved spontaneous bleeding into soft tissues. Methods used to treat CT-confirmed spontaneous hematomas in COVID-19 patients included nonoperative management (NOM), angiography (AG) with transarterial embolization (TAE) and open surgery (OS).

Pyrimido[5,4-]azolo[1,5-]pyrimidines and pyrimido[4,5-][1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-][1,2,4]triazines: multi-component synthesis and cytotoxic activity.

A multi-component method for the synthesis of pyrimido[5,4-]azolo[1,5-]pyrimidines and pyrimido[4,5-][1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-][1,2,4]triazines has been developed. It was shown that vicinal amino-nitrile and amino-ethoxycarbonyl derivatives of azolo[1,5-]pyrimidines and azolo[5,1-][1,2,4]triazines were converted to tricyclic heterocycles in the "AcOH-RC(OEt)-amine" system. Reaction conditions were optimized, patterns of this process were investigated, and intermediates were isolated.

Coupling between topological edge state and defect mode-based biosensor using phononic crystal.

A wealth of details regarding an individual's state of health, like a person's respiratory and metabolic functioning, can be studied by analyzing the volatile molecules and atoms in human exhaled breath. Besides, the salinity of seawater is a crucial factor in understanding its characteristics because any variation in the salinity of seawater represents the variations in the hydrological, biological, and chemical distributions. In this paper, a symmetrical one-dimensional phononic structure is theoretically designed using two symmetrical crystals separated with a defective cavity.