Lacustrine sedimentation patterns at the Northern Antarctic Peninsula and surroundings as a response to late Holocene and Modern Climate changes.

The Northern Antarctic Peninsula (NAP) and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) are likely to respond rapidly to climate changes by increasing the collapse of peripheral ice shelves and the number of days above 0 °C. These facts make this region a representative hotspot of the global sea level rise and the location of one of the global climate tipping points (thresholds in the Earth system whose changes may become irreversible, if exceeded). Understanding the climate evolution of the NAP, based on past evidences, may help infer its future scenario.

War Anxiety: A Review.

Purpose Of Review: This review critically evaluates literature on war-induced anxiety, highlighting findings from 2021 to 2024, especially during the Russia-Ukraine war.

Recent Findings: Measures and prevalence estimates of anxiety and fear are updated. Populations affected by armed conflicts include residents of conflict zones and neighboring countries, internally displaced persons, refugees, combatants, and healthcare and humanitarian aid workers.

Case study of a neuroendocrine tumor of uncertain origin: single-cell transcriptomics unravels potential primary location.

Purpose: Determining the primary origin of non-organ-confined neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) for accurate diagnosis and management. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms with diverse clinical behaviors. Determining their primary origin remains challenging in cases of non-organ-confined NETs.

Short-term outcomes of vessel-oriented D2 and D3 lymph node dissection for sigmoid colon cancer.

Background: Level of lymph nodes dissection (LND) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) ligation is still matter of debate of radical resection of colorectal cancer. This study aims to compare the short-term outcome of three different surgical techniques to treat sigmoid cancer: low ligation (LL) of the IMA with D3-LND, low IMA ligation with D2-LND, and high ligation (HL) of the IMA with D3-LND.

Methods: Patients affected by sigmoid colon cancer, who underwent radical resection with three different techniques (LL and D3-LND Group A, HL and D3-LND Group B, and LL with D2 LND- Group C), were included.

A biomechanical model for concomitant functioning of neck and shoulder: a pilot study.

A combination of pain syndromes in the neck and shoulder joints creates a significant burden on the healthcare system and has important social and economic significance. Treatment of these pathologies is often inefficient and can reduce the quality of life for patients. Studying of the relationship between pathological changes in the cervical spine and diseases of the shoulder area is crucial for developing more efficient treatment methods.

Exploring salinity induced adaptations in marine diatoms using advanced photonic techniques.

Photonic-based methods are crucial in biology and medicine due to their non-invasive nature, allowing remote measurements without affecting biological specimens. The study of diatoms using advanced photonic methods remains a relatively underexplored area, presenting significant opportunities for pioneering discoveries. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of marine diatoms, specifically Nitzschia sp.

Estimation of internal displacement in Ukraine from satellite-based car detections.

Estimating the numbers and whereabouts of internally displaced people (IDP) is paramount to providing targeted humanitarian assistance. In conflict settings like the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war, on-the-ground data collection is nevertheless often inadequate to provide accurate and timely information. Satellite imagery may sidestep some of these challenges and enhance our understanding of the IDP dynamics.

Accurate calculation of the content volume, density and original weight of museum curated eggs.

Worldwide museums hold collections of eggshells representing material for descriptive studies. However, an obstacle to this is the lack of information about the original contents and weight of the entire egg (W). This study aimed to fill this gap though development of a methodological mechanism for calculating the volume of the egg interior (V), its density (D) and W.

Environmental Conditions Modulate Warming Effects on Plant Litter Decomposition Globally.

Empirical studies worldwide show that warming has variable effects on plant litter decomposition, leaving the overall impact of climate change on decomposition uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis of 109 experimental warming studies across seven continents, using natural and standardised plant material, to assess the overarching effect of warming on litter decomposition and identify potential moderating factors. We determined that at least 5.

Electromyography findings in L5 radiculopathy are not associated with fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles: a retrospective observational study.

Introduction: Increased fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles (PM) has been recognized as a sign of decreased muscle quality in patients with degenerative disc disease. However, whether fatty infiltration is a consequence of a neurogenic process due to spinal nerve root compression has not yet been determined.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles (PM) and neurogenic remodeling of motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) in patients with lumbar radiculopathy.

Flow-cytometry reveals mitochondrial DNA accumulation in cells during cell cycle arrest.

Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles containing their own DNA (mtDNA), which is replicated independently of nuclear DNA (nDNA). While cell cycle arrest halts nDNA replication, mtDNA replication continues. In , flow cytometry enables semi-quantitative estimation of mtDNA levels by measuring the difference in signals between cells lacking mtDNA and those containing mtDNA.

Novel coronaviruses and mammarenaviruses of hedgehogs from Russia including the comparison of viral communities of hibernating and active specimens.

Introduction: Small mammals, especially rodents and bats, are known reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, but little is known about the viromes of insectivorous species including hedgehogs (order Eulipotyphla), which often live near human settlements and come into contact with humans.

Methods: We used high-throughput sequencing and metaviromic analysis to describe the viromes of 21 hedgehogs (Erinaceus sp.) sampled from summer 2022 to spring 2023.

The eusocial non-code: Unveiling the impact of noncoding RNAs on Hymenoptera eusocial evolution.

Eusociality, characterized by reproductive division of labor, cooperative brood care, and multi-generational cohabitation, represents a pinnacle of complex social evolution, most notably manifested within the Hymenoptera order including bees, ants, and wasps. The molecular underpinnings underlying these sophisticated social structures remain an enigma, with noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) emerging as crucial regulatory players. This article delves into the roles of ncRNAs in exerting epigenetic control during the development and maintenance of Hymenopteran eusociality.

The functions of immune system-derived miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the foremost cause of mortality worldwide, with recent advances in immunology underscoring the critical roles of immune cells in their onset and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), particularly those derived from the immune system, have emerged as vital regulators of cellular functions within the cardiovascular landscape. This review focuses on "immuno-miRs," a class of miRNAs that are highly expressed in immune cells, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages, and their significant role in controlling immune signaling pathways.

Revealing O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase involved in direct sulfhydrylation pathway in Clostridium tetani.

Bacterial methionine biosynthesis is an attractive target for research due to its central role in cellular metabolism, as most steps of this pathway are missing in mammals. Up to now little is known about sulfur metabolism in pathogenic Clostridia species, making the study of the enzymes of Cys/Met metabolism in Clostridium tetani particularly relevant. Analysis of the C.

HSP90 Family Members, Their Regulators and Ischemic Stroke Risk: A Comprehensive Molecular-Genetics and Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Disruptions in proteostasis are recognized as key drivers in cerebro- and cardiovascular disease progression. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), essential for maintaining protein stability and cellular homeostasis, are pivotal in neuroperotection. Consequently, deepening the understanding the role of HSPs in ischemic stroke (IS) risk is crucial for identifying novel therapeutic targets and advancing neuroprotective strategies.

GWAS-Significant Loci and Uterine Fibroids Risk: Analysis of Associations, Gene-Gene and Gene-Environmental Interactions.

Background: Uterine fibroids (UF) is the most common benign tumour of the female reproductive system. We investigated the joint contribution of genome-wide association studies (GWAS)-significant loci and environment-associated risk factors to the UF risk, along with epistatic interactions between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Methods: DNA samples from 737 hospitalised patients with UF and 451 controls were genotyped using probe-based PCR for seven common GWAS SNPs: rs117245733 , rs547025 rs2456181 , rs7907606 , , rs58415480 , rs7986407 , and rs72709458 .

Evaluation of Reference Gene Stability for Investigations of Intracellular Signalling in Human Cancer and Non-Malignant Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Background: Real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a powerful tool for analysing target gene expression in biological samples. To achieve reliable results by RT-qPCR, the most stable reference genes must be selected for proper data normalisation, particularly when comparing cells of different types. We aimed to choose the least variable candidate reference genes among eight housekeeping genes tested within a set of human cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, SK-UT-1B, A549, A431, SK-BR-3), as well as four lines of normal, non-malignant mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different origins.

Conservation Genetics and Breeding using Molecular Genetic Markers in Japanese Quail ().

Background: The Japanese quail () is a small migratory bird whose main habitats are located in East Asia, Russia, China, Japan, Korea, and India. The Japanese quail was first introduced into the Iraqi research sector in the early 1980s. This investigation aimed to identify the genetic divergence between the available genetic lines of the Japanese quail in Iraq as a first step to conducting further conservation and breeding, benefiting from studying the genetic diversity related to productivity, adaptation, and immune susceptibility.

Amalgamation of Metal Tolerant PGPR sp. EA20 with Birch Wood Biochar Enhanced Growth and Biofortification of Rapeseed under Copper Action.

Background: Amalgamation of metal-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with biochar is a promising direction for the development of chemical-free biofertilizers that can mitigate environmental risks, enhance crop productivity and their biological value. The main objective of the work includes the evaluation of the influence of prepared bacterial biofertilizer (BF) on biometric growth parameters as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics of rapeseed ( L.) at copper action.

Bacterial Communities and Their Role in Bacterial Infections.

Since infections associated with microbial communities threaten human health, research is increasingly focusing on the development of biofilms and strategies to combat them. Bacterial communities may include bacteria of one or several species. Therefore, examining all the microbes and identifying individual community bacteria responsible for the infectious process is important.

Effect of 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate on the State of Skeletal Muscles in Dystrophin-Deficient Mice.

Objective: Ca overload of muscle fibers is one of the factors that secondarily aggravate the development of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the Ca channel modulator 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (APB) on skeletal muscle pathology in dystrophin-deficient mice.

Methods: Mice were randomly divided into six groups: wild type (WT), WT+3 mg/kg APB, WT+10 mg/kg APB, , +3 mg/kg APB, +10 mg/kg APB.

The Putative Antilipogenic Role of NRG4 and ERBB4: First Expression Study on Human Liver Samples.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor 4 (ERBB4) and neuregulin 4 (NRG4) have been shown to reduce steatosis and prevent the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mouse models, but little to nothing is known about their role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans. This study is the first to investigate the expression of and mRNAs and their role in lipid metabolism in the livers of individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes and biopsy-proven NAFLD.

Methods: Liver biospecimens were obtained intraoperatively from 80 individuals.

Circadian Disruption in Glaucoma: Causes, Consequences, and Countermeasures.

This review explores the intricate relationship between glaucoma and circadian rhythm disturbances. As a principal organ for photic signal reception and transduction, the eye plays a pivotal role in coordinating the body's circadian rhythms through specialized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), particularly intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs). These cells are critical in transmitting light signals to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central circadian clock that synchronizes physiological processes to the 24-hour light-dark cycle.

Cytoprotective Effects and Intranuclear Localization of Sulfur-Containing Derivative of Buckminsterfullerene.

Background: There is a growing interest in exploring the biological characteristics of nanoparticles and exploring their potential applications. However, there is still a lack of research into the potential genotoxicity of fullerene derivatives and their impact on gene expression in human cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of a water-soluble fullerene derivative, C60[C6H4SCH2COOK]5H (F1), on human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF).