221,153 results match your criteria: "Russia; Samara National Research University named after academician SP Queen[Affiliation]"

Introduction: Temporo-insular gliomas, rare brain tumors originating from glial cells, comprise about 30% of brain tumors and vary in aggressiveness from grade I to IV. Despite advancements in neuroimaging and surgical techniques, their management remains complex due to their location near critical cognitive areas. Techniques like awake craniotomy have improved outcomes, but tumor heterogeneity and proximity to vital structures pose challenges.

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Background: The RAVE-Renal study was conducted to evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of avelumab plus axitinib as a first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Methods: RAVE-Renal was a multicenter, noninterventional, ambispective study with both retrospective and prospective components. The study included adult patients with histologically confirmed mRCC, measurable disease per RECIST version 1.

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Loneliness is a common subjective condition that is associated with distress and negative outcomes for psychosocial functioning and well-being, and it is grounded in destructive or inadequate social functioning. Social interactions are considered one of the key factors determining loneliness, and similarly to social interactions, loneliness can occur in different domains. While a solid body of research is focused on loneliness as a general condition, there are few studies that investigate loneliness from a multidimensional perspective, particularly combining general and domain-specific loneliness.

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Distinguishing Ideal and Non-Ideal Chemical Systems Based on Kinetic Behavior.

Entropy (Basel)

January 2025

Department of Information Systems, Chuvash State University, Moskovsky pr. 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia.

This paper focuses on differentiating between ideal and non-ideal chemical systems based on their kinetic behavior within a closed isothermal chemical environment. Non-ideality is examined using the non-ideal Marcelin-de Donde model. The analysis primarily addresses 'soft' non-ideality, where the equilibrium composition for a reversible non-ideal chemical system is identical to the corresponding composition for the ideal chemical system.

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Brain plasticity is at the basis of many cognitive functions, including learning and memory. It includes several mechanisms of synaptic and extrasynaptic changes, neurogenesis, and the formation and elimination of synapses. The plasticity of synaptic transmission involves the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) that regulate neuronal activity, thereby supporting learning and memory.

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Background: The wide variability in clinical responses to anti-tumor immunotherapy drives the search for personalized strategies. One of the promising approaches is drug screening using patient-derived models composed of tumor and immune cells. In this regard, the selection of an appropriate in vitro model and the choice of cellular response assay are critical for reliable predictions.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of severe neurological disorders and long-term dysfunction in the nervous system. Besides inducing neurodegeneration, TBI alters stem cell activity and neurogenesis within primary neurogenic niches. However, the fate of dividing cells in other brain regions remains unclear despite offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention.

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In recent years, hyaluronic acid (HA) has attracted increasing attention as a promising biomaterial for the development of drug delivery systems. Due to its unique properties, such as high biocompatibility, low toxicity, and modifiability, HA is becoming a basis for the creation of targeted drug delivery systems, especially in the field of oncology. Receptors for HA overexpressed in subpopulations of cancer cells, and one of them, CD44, is recognized as a molecular marker for cancer stem cells.

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Resistance to Radiotherapy in Cancer.

Diseases

January 2025

Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia.

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy is a medical treatment that uses high doses of ionizing radiation to eliminate cancer cells and shrink tumors. It works by targeting the DNA within the tumor cells restricting their proliferation. Radiotherapy has been used for treating cancer for more than 100 years.

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Background/objectives: For healthcare institutions developing a robotic programme, delivering value for patients, clinicians, and payers is key. However, the impact on the surgeon, training pathways, and logistics are often overlooked. We conducted a study on the impact of robotic surgery on surgeons, access to robotic surgical training, and factors associated with developing a successful robotic programme.

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Electroretinograms (ERGs) show differences between typically developing populations and those with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In a series of ERGs collected in ASD ( = 77), ADHD ( = 43), ASD + ADHD ( = 21), and control ( = 137) groups, this analysis explores the use of machine learning and feature selection techniques to improve the classification between these clinically defined groups. Standard time domain and signal analysis features were evaluated in different machine learning models.

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The role of the hierarchical organization of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in its functioning, jet lag, and the light treatment of jet lag remains poorly understood. Using the core-shell model, we mimic collective behavior of the core and shell populations of the SCN oscillators in transient states after rapid traveling east and west. The existence of a special region of slow dynamical states of the SCN oscillators can explain phenomena such as the east-west asymmetry of jet lag, instances when entrainment to an advance is via delay shifts, and the dynamics of jet lag recovery time.

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Copy number variations of the human gene, resulting from megabase-scale microdeletions or microduplications in the 3p26.3 region, are frequently implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability and developmental delay. However, duplication of the full-length human gene presents with variable penetrance, resulting in phenotypes that range from neurodevelopmental disorders to no visible pathologies, even within the same family.

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Background: The natural killer (NK) activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is a crucial defense against the onset and spread of cancer. Studies have shown that patients with reduced NK activity are more susceptible to cancer, and NK activity tends to decrease due to cancer-induced immune suppression. Enhancing the natural cytotoxicity of PBMCs remains a significant task in cancer research.

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Periodontal pathogens and obesity in the context of cardiovascular risks across age groups.

Front Oral Health

January 2025

Department of Cardiovascular Pathology and Diet Therapy, Federal Research Centre for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among noncommunicable diseases. Over the past decade, there has been a notable increase in the prevalence of CVDs among young individuals. Obesity, a well-known risk factor for CVDs, is also associated with various comorbidities that may contribute to cardiovascular risk.

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Clinical case of co-infection: Dengue fever and respiratory mycoplasmosis in a child.

Respir Med Case Rep

December 2024

Central RI [Research Institute] of Epidemiology, Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor), Moscow, Russia.

According to WHO, dengue fever (DF) is currently endemic to more than 100 countries in various regions of Africa, America, and Asia; outbreaks have been reported in Europe. In the Russian Federation, there is a much smaller proportion of children among those infected due to the imported nature of the infection. We described a clinical case of imported dengue fever in an adolescent girl in Moscow after a 5-day vacation.

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A soybean protein isolate (SPI)-based hydrogel with controllable properties was prepared under mild conditions using a simple mixing method with dialdehyde sodium alginate (DSA) as an eco-friendly macromolecular crosslinker. DSA was successfully synthesized via periodate oxidation. Analysis of the structure of the SPI/DSA hydrogel indicated that a 3D network was formed between SPI and DSA through dynamic imine and hydrogen bonds.

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Objective: To present a remodeling of the electroretinogram waveform using a covariance matrix to identify regions of interest and distinction between a control and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group. Electroretinograms were recorded in n = 25 ADHD (16 male; age 11.9 ± 2.

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Central Asia is an ecologically fragile arid zone and a typical mixed salt‒sand region. The socioeconomic and ecological problems attributed to the shrinking of the Aral Sea in Central Asia are notable concerns within the international community. In this study, the characteristics of salt dust aerosols from the Aral Sea were analysed to explore their interannual variation characteristics and analyse the spatial and temporal distributions of salt dust sources and transport and dispersion pathways.

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Incidence and Outcomes of Secondary Bladder Cancer Following Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Eur Urol Focus

January 2025

Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia; Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Evidence Medicine, Urology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address:

Background And Objective: There is an established association between secondary bladder cancers (SBCs) and radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (PC), which remains a significant concern. Our aim was to update the evidence on SBC incidence across different RT modalities and to compare oncological outcomes for patients diagnosed with SBC to those diagnosed with primary bladder cancer (PBC).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on SBC following PC.

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Metformin intake and risk of metabolic acidosis after radical cystectomy with urinary diversion: A comparative study using data from the TriNetX research network.

Urol Oncol

January 2025

The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Electronic address:

Purpose: To investigate the association of diabetes mellitus and metformin use with metabolic acidosis risk after radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion for bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used TriNetX Research Network data. Patients undergoing RC with continent diversion or ileal conduit for bladder cancer were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) and ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) codes.

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Fluorescence lifetime imaging in drug delivery research.

Adv Drug Deliv Rev

January 2025

Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia; School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340, Sochi, Russia; National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Mordovia Republic 430005, Russia.

Once an exotic add-on to fluorescence microscopy for life science research, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) has become a powerful and increasingly utilised technique owing to its self-calibration nature, which affords superior quantification over conventional steady-state fluorescence imaging. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art implementation of FLIm related to the formulation, release, dosage, and mechanism of action of drugs aimed for innovative diagnostics and therapy. Quantitative measurements using FLIm have appeared instrumental for encapsulated drug delivery design, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, pathological investigations, early disease diagnosis, and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.

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An injectable nanocomposite hydrogel with deep penetration ability for enhanced photothermal and chemotherapy.

J Colloid Interface Sci

January 2025

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Theranostic Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China. Electronic address:

The excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) in solid tumors significantly inhibits the deep penetration and homogeneous distribution of nanodrugs, which greatly reduces the therapeutic efficacy. In the present work, an injectable polyelectrolyte hydrogel (CD@IPH) containing collagenase and doxorubicin-loaded polyacrylic acid@polyaniline nanoparticles (DOX@NP) were developed for improved photothermal and chemotherapy. The collagenase is released quickly from the polyelectrolyte hydrogel in the first 12 h, effectively degrading ECM and enhancing the deep penetration and evenly distribution of DOX@NP in tumor tissues.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is often more susceptible to damage compared to nuclear DNA. This is due to its localization in the mitochondrial matrix, where a large portion of reactive oxygen species are produced. Mitochondria do not have histones and mtDNA is only slightly protected by histone-like proteins and is believed to have less efficient repair mechanisms.

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