Resonant Tunneling Nanostructures: Eliminating Current Saturation on Negative Differential Conductivity Region in Compact Dissipative Simulations.

A solution to the problem of resonant tunneling current saturation is proposed. This problem does not allow, within the traditional compact models, a correct qualitative and quantitative analysis to be carried out of the volt-ampere characteristics of double-barrier heterostructures. The reason for this problem is the asymptotic behavior of the function describing the structure transparency, so a non-saturating compact model was proposed to solve the problem of current transfer analysis in the region of negative differential conductivity.

Identification of Health Needs in Ukrainian Refugees Seen in a Primary Care Facility in Tenerife, Spain.

Background: Ukrainian refugees fleeing the conflict between Russia and Ukraine may face significant challenges to their physical, psycho-emotional, social, and spiritual wellbeing.

Aim: To identify the health needs of Ukrainian refugees seen in primary care facilities in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed.

Evaluation of the Effects of Retro-Cavity Preconditioning with or Without Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid on Root Surface pH and Dislodgement Resistance of NeoMTA2 and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Flow Retro-Fills: An Ex Vivo Investigation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of retro-cavity preconditioning with or without 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution on root surface pH as well as dislodgement resistance of NeoMTA2 and MTA Flow retro-fills. Forty-eight single-rooted human incisors were selected. After completion of endodontic treatment, root-end resections were performed, and retro-cavities were prepared.

Fatty Acids in Cnidaria: Distribution and Specific Functions.

The phylum Cnidaria comprises five main classes-Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Hexacorallia, Octocorallia and Cubozoa-that include such widely distributed and well-known animals as hard and soft corals, sea anemones, sea pens, gorgonians, hydroids, and jellyfish. Cnidarians play a very important role in marine ecosystems. The composition of their fatty acids (FAs) depends on food (plankton and particulate organic matter), symbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates and bacteria, and de novo biosynthesis in host tissues.

Structure of a Sulfated Capsular Polysaccharide from the Marine Bacterium KMM 1449 and a Genomic Insight into Its Biosynthesis.

Some marine and extremophilic microorganisms are capable of synthesizing sulfated polysaccharides with a unique structure. A number of studies indicate significant biological properties of individual sulfated polysaccharides, such as antiproliferative activity, which makes them a promising area for further research. In this study, the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) was obtained from the bacterium KMM 1449, isolated from a marine sediment sample collected along the shore of the Sea of Japan.

Structure Diversity and Properties of Some Bola-like Natural Products.

In their shapes, molecules of some bipolar metabolites resemble the so-called bola, a hunting weapon of the South American inhabitants, consisting of two heavy balls connected to each other by a long flexible cord. Herein, we discuss the structures and properties of these natural products (bola-like compounds or bolaamphiphiles), containing two polar terminal fragments and a non-polar chain (or chains) between them, from archaea, bacteria, and marine invertebrates. Additional modifications of core compounds of this class, for example, interchain and intrachain cyclization, hydroxylation, methylation, etc.

Gene Expression in Aphelid Zoospores Reveals Their Transcriptional and Translational Activity and Alacrity for Invasion.

In (Opisthokonta, Aphelida) zoospores, the expression of 7708 genes out of 7802 described genes was detected. For 589 of them, expression levels were shown to be more than 10 times higher than the median level. Among the highly expressed genes with known functions, the largest functional categories were "Cellular Metabolism", "Protein Synthesis", "Cell State Control", and "Nucleic Acid Processing".

Population Structure Based on Microsatellite Length Polymorphism, Antifungal Susceptibility Profile, and Enzymatic Activity of Clinical Isolates in Russia.

is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen causing nosocomial transmission and invasive infections with high mortality. This study aimed to investigate the genetic relationships, enzymatic activities, and drug-resistance profiles of isolates to evaluate the population and epidemiological diversity of candidiasis in Russia. A total of 112 clinical isolates of were analyzed from May 2017 to March 2023 in 18 hospitals across Saint Petersburg, the Leningrad Region, and Moscow.

Ex Situ Conservation, DNA Barcoding and Enzymatic Potential Evaluation of Macrofungi (Basidiomycota, Ascomycota) from Vietnam.

The diversity and resource potential of macroscopic fungi in tropical regions remain understudied. Vietnam, being in a biodiversity hotspot, has a large number of new fungal species that are of interest for biotechnology and medicine. The presence of a large number of protected areas in Vietnam creates favorable opportunities for the study and ex situ conservation of tropical biodiversity.

Poly ADP-Ribosylation in a Plant Pathogenic Oomycete : A Key Controller of Growth and Host Plant Colonisation.

ADP-ribosylation is a reversible modification of proteins and nucleic acids, which controls major cellular processes, including DNA damage repair, cell proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, stress, and immunity in plants and animals. The involvement of ADP-ribosylation in the life cycle of and some filamentous fungi has also been demonstrated. However, the role of this process in pathogenic oomycetes has never been addressed.

Saprotrophic Wood Decay Ability and Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzyme System of the White Rot Fungus : Secretome, Metabolome and Genome Investigations.

The basidiomycete strain LE-BIN1700 (Agaricales, ) is able to grow on agar media supplemented with individual components of lignocellulose such as lignin, cellulose, xylan, xyloglucan, arabinoxylan, starch and pectin, and also to effectively destroy and digest birch, alder and pine sawdust. produces a unique repertoire of proteins for the saccharification of the plant biomass, including predominantly oxidative enzymes such as laccases (family AA1_1 CAZymes), GMC oxidoreductases (family AA3_2 CAZymes), FAD-oligosaccharide oxidase (family AA7 CAZymes) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (family LPMO X325), as well as accompanying acetyl esterases and loosenine-like expansins. Metabolomic analysis revealed that, specifically, monosaccharides and carboxylic acids were the key low molecular metabolites in the culture liquids in the experimental conditions.

Comparative Study of Lipid Profile for Mice Treated with Cyclophosphamide by HPLC-HRMS and Bioinformatics.

Immunodeficiency conditions, which are characterized by reduced immune activity that promotes the development of chronic diseases, are needed for efficient monitoring. A promising area of monitoring and early diagnosis of immunodeficiency diseases is the determination of metabolic biomarkers in the blood. In this work, we identified a set of lipid biomarkers of immunodeficiency states by performing high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) analysis of blood plasma samples from mice and processing them with bioinformatics approaches.

The Neurometabolic Function of the Dopamine-Aminotransferase System.

Background/objectives: The neurometabolic function is controlled by a complex multi-level physiological system that includes neurochemical, hormonal, immunological, sensory, and metabolic components. Functional disorders of monoamine systems are often detected in clinical practice together with metabolic dysfunctions. An important part of the mentioned pathological conditions are associated with disturbances in protein metabolism, some of the most important biomarkers which are aminotransferases and transcription factors that regulate and direct the most important metabolic reactions.

Plant Detection in RGB Images from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Segmentation by Deep Learning and an Impact of Model Accuracy on Downstream Analysis.

Crop field monitoring using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is one of the most important technologies for plant growth control in modern precision agriculture. One of the important and widely used tasks in field monitoring is plant stand counting. The accurate identification of plants in field images provides estimates of plant number per unit area, detects missing seedlings, and predicts crop yield.

Increasing Neural-Based Pedestrian Detectors' Robustness to Adversarial Patch Attacks Using Anomaly Localization.

Object detection in images is a fundamental component of many safety-critical systems, such as autonomous driving, video surveillance systems, and robotics. Adversarial patch attacks, being easily implemented in the real world, provide effective counteraction to object detection by state-of-the-art neural-based detectors. It poses a serious danger in various fields of activity.

Realization of Intermolecular Interactions as a Basis for Controlling Pervaporation Properties of Membranes Made of Aromatic Polyamide-Imides.

New aromatic co-polyamide-imides (coPAIs) containing both carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the repeating units were synthesized for the first time. Transport, thermal and morphological properties of dense nonporous membranes from PAIs obtained using the diacid chloride of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,3-dioxoisoindoline-5-carboxylic acid and diamines 5,5'-methylene-bis (2-aminophenol)) and 3,5-Diaminobenzoic acid, taken in molar ratios of 7:3, 1:1, and 3:7, have been studied. High levels of membrane permeability accompanied by high selectivity for mixtures of liquids with significantly different polarities were determined by realization of intra- and intermolecular interactions in polymer, which was proved by thermal analyses and hydrodynamic characteristics of coPAIs.

Intraoperative Monitoring of Sensory Evoked Potentials in Neurosurgery: A Personalized Approach.

Sensory evoked potentials (EPs), namely, somatosensory, visual, and brainstem acoustic EPs, are used in neurosurgery to monitor the corresponding functions with the aim of preventing iatrogenic neurological complications. Functional deficiency usually precedes structural defect, being initially reversible, and prompt alarms may help surgeons achieve this aim. However, sensory EP registration requires presenting multiple stimuli and averaging of responses, which significantly lengthen this procedure.

Antiedemic Effect of the Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitor PIK7 in the Rat Model of Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury increases myocardial microvascular permeability, leading to enhanced microvascular filtration and interstitial fluid accumulation that is associated with greater microvascular obstruction and inadequate myocardial perfusion. A burst of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators during reperfusion causes myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)-dependent endothelial hyperpermeability, which is considered a preventable cause of reperfusion injury. In the present study, a single intravenous injection of MLCK peptide inhibitor PIK7 (2.

Transmembrane Amino Acid Transporters in Shaping the Metabolic Profile of Breast Cancer Cell Lines: The Focus on Molecular Biological Subtype.

Amino acid metabolism in breast cancer cells is unique for each molecular biological subtype of breast cancer. In this review, the features of breast cancer cell metabolism are considered in terms of changes in the amino acid composition due to the activity of transmembrane amino acid transporters. In addition to the main signaling pathway PI3K/Akt/mTOR, the activity of the oncogene c-Myc, HIF, p53, GATA2, NF-kB and MAT2A have a direct effect on the amino acid metabolism of cancer cells, their growth and proliferation, as well as the maintenance of homeostatic equilibrium.

Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the popular herbicides that is widely used in agriculture and can be found in food and water. A rapid and sensitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was proposed for the detection of 2,4-D in juice and water. New tracers, 2,4-D-buthylenediamin fluoresceinthiocarbamyl (2,4-D-BDF) and 2,4-D-glycine aminofluorescein (2,4-D-GAF), were obtained and characterized.

Effect of Polymer Network Architecture on Adsorption Kinetics at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces: A Comparison Between Poly(NIPAM-co-AA) Copolymer Microgels and Interpenetrating Network Microgels.

Understanding the adsorption features of polymer microgels with different chemical compositions and structures is crucial in studying the mechanisms of respective emulsion stabilization. Specifically, the use of stimuli-responsive particles can introduce new properties and broaden the application range of such complex systems. Recently, we demonstrated that emulsions stabilized by microgels composed of interpenetrating networks (IPNs) of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) exhibit higher colloidal stability upon heating compared to PNIPAM homopolymer and other relevant PNIPAM-based copolymer counterparts.

Composite Sorbents Based on Chitosan Polymer Matrix and Derivatives of 4-Amino-N'-hydroxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide for Uranium Removal from Liquid Mineralized Media.

Composite adsorbents based on a natural biopolymer matrix of chitosan, to which 4-amino-N'-hydroxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide and its Se derivative were attached, were synthesized. A complex of physicochemical analysis methods indicates that the direct introduction of a matrix with high ionic permeability into the reaction mixture contributes to the formation of homogeneous particles of composite with developed surface morphology, which enhances the kinetic and capacitive parameters of uranium sorption in liquid media. It has been established that the direct introduction of a matrix with high ionic permeability into the reaction mixture contributes to the formation of homogeneous particles with a developed surface morphology, which enhances the kinetic and capacitive parameters of uranium sorption in liquid media.

Composite Sorbents Based on Polymeric Se-Derivative of Amidoximes and SiO for the Uranium Removal from Liquid Mineralized Media.

A new composite material with enhanced sorption-selective properties for uranium recovery from liquid media has been obtained. Sorbents were synthesized through a polycondensation reaction of a mixture of 4-amino-N'-hydroxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide (hereinafter referred to as amidoxime) and SiO in an environment of organic solvents (acetic acid, dioxane) and highly porous SiO. To establish optimal conditions for forming the polymer sorption-active part and the synthesis as a whole, a series of composite adsorbents were synthesized with varying amidoxime/matrix ratios (35/65, 50/50, 65/35).

Texture Perception and Chewing of Agar Gel by People with Different Sensitivity to Hardness.

Hardness is one of the dominant sensory characteristics of food. This study estimated the effect of sensitivity to hardness on the texture perception and chewing function using 2, 4, and 6% agar gels. Increasing the concentration of agar resulted in an increase in gel hardness and springiness, measured by texture profile analysis.

Morphology of Graphene Aerogel as the Key Factor: Mechanical Properties Under Tension and Compression.

Graphene aerogels with high surface areas, ultra-low densities, and thermal conductivities have been attracted a lot of attention in recent years. However, considerable difference in their deformation behavior and mechanical properties lead to their poor performance. The problem can be solved by preparing graphene aerogel of given morphology and by control the properties through the special structure of graphene cells.