First autochthonous case of Opisthorchis felineus in Austria.

Background: Opisthorchis felineus is a feline pathogen with zoonotic potential that can be a causative agent of human opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma. In Europe, O. felineus is particularly endemic in Eastern European countries, while this parasite has also been sporadically detected in Germany, Italy and northern Poland.

Comparative analysis of FACT devices for optimal improvement of power quality in unbalanced distribution systems.

This study examines the performance of asymmetric three-phase distribution systems under the influence of FACT deives such as a static VAR compensator (SVC) and a unified power controller (UPC). Each suggested device's operating principle is developed in this paper in order to provide the best model to be used in the power flow analysis. The performance of the IEEE-13 bus imbalanced distribution model is investigated using the Newton-Raphson method.

Unraveling the genetic links between depression and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder that has high comorbidity with mental disorders. The genetic relationships between T2D and depression are far from being well understood.

Methods: We performed genetic correlation, polygenic overlap, Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, cross-trait meta-analysis, and Bayesian colocalization analysis to assess genetic relationships between T2D and depression, in the forms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and depressed affect (DAF).

Investigation into Alzheimer's-related amyloid-β conformational transformations and stability influenced by green iron oxide nanoparticles (GIONP).

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is popularly believed to be triggered by the aggregation of amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ - 42) peptides, eventually leading to neurodegeneration. Our study delves into the influential role played by Green Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (GIONP). GIONP are typically synthesized using a green chemistry approach, imposing curcumin as a biocompatible reducing and capping agent, leveraging its inherent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective attributes.

Dramatic effect of extreme rainfall event and storm on microbial community dynamics in a subtropical coastal region.

Extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfall and typhoons, are becoming more frequent due to climate change and can significantly impact coastal microbial communities. This study examines the short-term alterations in microbial food webs-viruses, bacteria, picophytoplankton, nanoflagellates, ciliates, and diatom-following Typhoon Krathon in Taiwan's coastal waters in October 2024. Daily in situ sampling revealed a significant post-typhoon increased in viral, nanoflagellate, and Synechococcus spp.

"We are not abnormal": experiences and management of stigma among Chinese women struggling with infertility.

Background: While numerous studies have highlighted the stigma experienced by women facing infertility, there is limited research that delves into the specific types of stigmas they encounter. Despite extensive discussions surrounding the Stigma Management Communication (SMC) theory and its application in managing stigma across various contexts, its utilisation in understanding and addressing the stigma experienced by women with infertility has been largely overlooked. This study seeks to bridge this gap by identifying forms of stigma that Chinese women experiencing infertility encounter and analysing the strategies they use to manage it.

Selumetinib for children with neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibromas that can't be removed by surgery, and impact on how the condition affects caregivers: a plain language summary.

What Is This Summary About?: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (also called NF1) is a rare genetic condition. It causes a range of symptoms that develop from childhood onwards and worsen over time. Some children with NF1 develop non-cancerous nerve tumors called plexiform neurofibromas.

Undescribed Hitherto Universal Properties of Isotherms of Excess Adsorption of Liquids and Gases. Connection of Peculiar Points of an Isotherm with Extremums of Its Curvature.

In the proposed paper, a new result is presented, which is as follows: the point on the equilibrium excess adsorption isotherm at which the rate of increase of concentration of a component in the adsorption phase reaches its mean value is the point at which the curvature of the isotherm takes its extreme value. This regularity also holds in the case of the adsorption of gases. This result is confirmed and valid for isotherms of various types.

Using the AP1 Transcription Factor FOSL1 to Assess the Exacerbation of Psoriasis.

Background: The transcription factor AP1 plays a crucial role in the proliferation, apoptosis, and terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify whether the subunit of AP1, FOSL1 protein, can be used to assess the exacerbation of psoriasis by evaluating its changes in protein and mRNA levels in cultured epidermal keratinocytes and skin specimens of the patients prescribed with bathwater PUVA (Psoralen and UVA) therapy. This study aimed to investigate FOSL1, a subunit of the transcription factor AP-1, as a potential biomarker for psoriasis by examining its protein and mRNA expression in skin specimens from patients undergoing bathwater PUVA (Psoralen and UVA) therapy and cultured epidermal keratinocytes.

Evaluating the role of generative AI and color patterns in the dissemination of war imagery and disinformation on social media.

This study explores the evolving role of social media in the spread of misinformation during the Ukraine-Russia conflict, with a focus on how artificial intelligence (AI) contributes to the creation of deceptive war imagery. Specifically, the research examines the relationship between color patterns (LUTs) in war-related visuals and their perceived authenticity, highlighting the economic, political, and social ramifications of such manipulative practices. AI technologies have significantly advanced the production of highly convincing, yet artificial, war imagery, blurring the line between fact and fiction.

Exploring the antifungal potential of -derived stilbenoids and cannabinoids against novel targets through protein interaction profiling.

Cannabinoid and stilbenoid compounds derived from were screened against eight specific fungal protein targets to identify potential antifungal agents. The proteins investigated included Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), Enolase, Mannitol-2-dehydrogenase, GMP synthase, Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), Heat shock protein 90 homolog (Hsp90), Chitin Synthase 2 (CaChs2), and Mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (M1P5DH), all of which play crucial roles in fungal survival and pathogenicity. This research evaluates the binding affinities and interaction profiles of selected cannabinoids and stilbenoids with these eight proteins using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations.

The role of cell cycle-related genes in the tumorigenesis of adrenal and thyroid neuroendocrine tumors.

The molecular mechanisms underlying adrenal and thyroid neuroendocrine tumors, including their tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis, involve unique pathways regulating cell cycle progression. To better understand these mechanisms and pathways, extensive in-depth research on cell cycle-related genes is necessary. This review aims to describe and interpret current single-cell RNA sequencing studies on neuroblastoma, medullary thyroid cancer, and pheochromocytoma tumors.

A comprehensive review of probiotics and human health-current prospective and applications.

The beneficial properties of probiotics have always been a point of interest. Probiotics play a major role in maintaining the health of Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT), a healthy digestive system is responsible for modulating all other functions of the body. The effectiveness of probiotics can be enhanced by formulating them with prebiotics the formulation thus formed is referred to as synbiotics.

Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency and Growth Rates in Soil: Global Patterns and Drivers.

Carbon use efficiency (CUE) of microbial communities in soil quantifies the proportion of organic carbon (C) taken up by microorganisms that is allocated to growing microbial biomass as well as used for reparation of cell components. This C amount in microbial biomass is subsequently involved in microbial turnover, partly leading to microbial necromass formation, which can be further stabilized in soil. To unravel the underlying regulatory factors and spatial patterns of CUE on a large scale and across biomes (forests, grasslands, croplands), we evaluated 670 individual CUE data obtained by three commonly used approaches: (i) tracing of a substrate C by C (or C) incorporation into microbial biomass and respired CO (hereafter C-substrate), (ii) incorporation of O from water into DNA (O-water), and (iii) stoichiometric modelling based on the activities of enzymes responsible for C and nitrogen (N) cycles.

Synthesis of zwitterionic asymmetric and symmetric carboxy-imidazolium derivatives and their use in molecular interactions with bovine serum albumin.

For the first time asymmetric and symmetric carboxytriazoleimidazolium derivatives with different structures were synthesized. The critical micellization concentration (CMC) value was estimated using a pyrene fluorescent probe and the solubility of Orange OT. The complexation ability of carboxytriazoleimidazolium derivatives toward bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated by various physico-chemical methods: fluorescence spectroscopy, electrophoretic light scattering and circular dichroism.

Halonium and chalconium salt-catalyzed Schiff condensation: kinetics and DFT insights into organocatalyst activity parameters.

The Schiff condensation between 4-methylbenzaldehyde and 2-aminopyridine, catalyzed by chloronium, bromonium, and iodonium triflates, as well as sulfonium, selenonium, and telluronium triflates, was investigated. H NMR monitoring revealed that the catalytic activity increased significantly with heavier σ-hole-bearing heteroatoms. DFT calculations showed that the maximum electrostatic potential at the σ-hole was a more reliable predictor of the catalytic activity of these organoelement species.

Global distribution and sustainable management of Asian corn borer (ACB), (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): recent advancement and future prospects.

The Asian corn borer (ACB), (Guenée, 1854), is a serious pest of several crops, particularly a destructive pest of maize and other cereals throughout most of Asia, including China, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Cambodia. It has long been known as a pest in South-east Asia and has invaded other parts of Asia, Solomon Islands, parts of Africa and certain regions of Australia and Russia. Consequently, worldwide efforts have been increased to ensure new control strategies for management.

En bloc resection of large bladder tumor: is it feasible and reasonable?

Purpose Of Review: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) remains the basis of bladder tumor diagnosis and an effective means of treating nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). There are several limitations to this procedure: TURBT may cause free floating of malignant cells in the bladder and as a result re-implantation and early recurrence. Also, it does not allow the pathologist to define the correct spatial orientation of the specimen.

Differences in lasers and laser technologies: what does a clinician need to know?

Purpose Of Review: This review focuses on recent advancements in laser technologies used in urology, particularly in enucleation, vaporization, lithotripsy, and focal laser ablation (FLA). The growing use of the thulium fiber laser (TFL) and the development of pulsed thulium lasers (p-Tm:YAG) highlight the relevance of this review, as these innovations aim to improve precision and outcomes in urological procedures.

Recent Findings: Recent studies have shown the advantages of TFL in achieving precise tissue ablation, reduced retropulsion offered by the Moses technology in holmium lasers, and the potential of pulsed thulium lasers for more precise control of the effects on tissues.

Flavonoids in Cucurbitaceae herbs: targeted HPLC-PDA-mS profiling of wild and cultivated , , and species and their pancreatic lipase inhibitory potential.

Green waste from Cucurbitaceae agriculture is a common but underutilised resource. In this study, we performed targeted HPLC-PDA-MS profiling to analyse the flavonoid composition of L.f.

A practical guide for choosing an optimal spatial transcriptomics technology from seven major commercially available options.

Spatial transcriptomics technology enables the mapping of gene expression within tissues, allowing researchers to visualize the spatial distribution of RNA molecules and gain insights into cellular organization, interactions, and functions in their native environments. A variety of spatial technologies are now commercially available, each offering distinct technical parameters such as cellular resolution, detection sensitivity, gene coverage, and throughput. This wide range of options can make it challenges or create confusion for researchers to select the most appropriate platform for their specific research objectives.

Morphology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of the floral glandular trichomes in three Doronicum species (Asteraceae).

Previously, it was found that four types of glandular trichomes (GTs) are developed on the surface of all aerial organs in Doronicum species. A detailed study of leaves had shown that only two types of GTs form in them. Nothing was known about any differences of GTs on vegetative and reproductive organs.