The Human-Technology Continuum.

Background And Objectives: Managers in health care today face an array of digital technologies that assist or augment certain human tasks. But these technologies are often fraught and present challenges to managers, whose competencies must evolve to keep pace with technological advancements.

Methods: Drawing on theory about technology, work, and organizations, we present a human-technology continuum to facilitate this discussion for managers.

Managing Surges in Demand: A Grounded Conceptual Framework of Surge Management Capability.

Surge management is important to hospital operations, yet surge literature has mostly focused on the addition of resources (e.g., 25% more beds) during events like pandemics.

A Reference Equation for Peak Oxygen Uptake for Pediatric Patients Who Undergo Treadmill Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing.

Pediatric patients are often referred to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) laboratories for assessment of exercise-related symptoms. For clinicians to understand results in the context of performance relative to peers, adequate fitness-based prediction equations must be available. However, reference equations for prediction of peak oxygen uptake (VO) in pediatrics are largely developed from field-based testing, and equations derived from CPET are primarily developed using adult data.

Racial, socioeconomic, and neighborhood characteristics in relation to COVID-19 severity of illness for adolescents and young adults.

This study tests the hypotheses that insurance status, race and ethnicity, and neighborhood characteristics are associated with hospital admission and severe health outcomes (Intensive Care Unit [ICU] admission and oxygen assistance) for youth and young adults who present to the emergency department (ED) with COVID-19 in a single, academic health system in Illinois, Rush University System for Health (RUSH). Demographic and clinical data from the electronic health record were collected for all 13- to 24-y-old patients seen at RUSH who tested positive for COVID-19 between March 2020 and 2021. Individual-level and neighborhood characteristics were analyzed to determine their association with hospital admission and severe health outcomes through generalized estimating equations.

Reference Values for Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients Aged 6 to 18 Years.

Objective: To develop reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness, as quantified by peak oxygen uptake (VO) and treadmill time, in patients aged 6 through 18 years referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Study Design: We reviewed a clinical pediatric CPET database for fitness data in children aged 6-18 years with no underlying heart disease. CPET was obtained via the Bruce protocol utilizing objectively confirmed maximal effort via respiratory exchange ratio.

Instagram and Seizure: Knowledge, Access, and Perception of Circulating Information on the Internet.

Introduction: Social media has many advantages as a tool in the healthcare industry. On the other hand, the disadvantages of using social media to obtain data include the unequal quality of uncontrolled and unchecked content. Our study aimed to assess the accuracy of the information on epilepsy or issues relevant to epilepsy observed on social media.

Development of a Pediatric Cardiology Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Database.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides clinicians with information vital to the management of pediatric cardiology patients. CPET can also be used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in these patients. CRF is a robust marker of overall health in children.

DNA methylation and miRNA expression in colon adenomas compared with matched normal colon mucosa and carcinomas.

Dysregulation of DNA methylation patterns and non-coding RNA, including miRNAs, has been implicated in colon cancer, and these changes may occur early in the development of carcinoma. In this study, the role of epigenetics as early changes in colon tumorigenesis was examined through paired sample analysis of patient-matched normal, adenoma and carcinoma samples. Global methylation was assessed by genomic 5-methyl cytosine (5-mC) and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) promoter methylation by pyrosequencing.

Evidence for age-related contributions of DNA damage and epigenetics in brain tumorigenesis.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant primary brain tumour displaying rapid cell proliferation and infiltration. GBM primarily occurs at older age; however, younger populations have also been affected. In GBM and other cancers, genetic and epigenetic alterations promote tumorigenesis causing increased cell proliferation and invasiveness.

Comparison of seven heterophile antibody assays for laboratory diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis in pediatric patients.

Heterophile antibody assays have been used to aid the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Seven commercially available assays currently widely utilized in clinical laboratories were compared in this study. Variable performance characteristics and assay times are observed, and these pieces of data may assist clinical laboratories in assay selection and result interpretation.

Gene variant profiles and tumor metabolic activity as measured by FOXM1 expression and glucose uptake in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Cancer cells displaying aberrant metabolism switch energy production from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Measure of glucose standardized uptake value (SUV) by positron emission tomography (PET), used for staging of adenocarcinoma in high-risk patients, can reflect cellular use of the glycolysis pathway. The transcription factor, FOXM1 plays a role in regulation of glycolytic genes.

Systematic review of orthoses for stroke-induced upper extremity deficits.

: Orthoses for individuals with stroke is considered an integral part of the neurorehabilitation process. However, there are no universal guidelines to determine the initiation period, duration, or type of orthosis for stroke patients. : For this study, we systematically reviewed the evidence surrounding the use of orthoses for stroke-related upper extremity deficits.

Evaluation of Functional Characteristics of 4 Oscillatory Positive Pressure Devices in a Simulated Cystic Fibrosis Model.

Background: Oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) is an airway clearance therapy that delivers positive pressure and air-flow oscillations during exhalation. This study described functional characteristic differences of 4 OPEP devices during an active exhalation in a simulated model. We hypothesized peak pressure (Ppeak), positive expiratory pressure (PEP), oscillatory frequency (f), and pressure amplitude will differ, depending upon the device used, device resistance setting, and time (repeated consecutive active exhalations through the device).

A study protocol testing the implementation, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of the ezParent program in pediatric primary care.

Introduction: Up to 20% of children demonstrate behavior problems that interfere with relationship development and academic achievement. Parent participation in behavioral parent training programs has been shown to decrease child problem behaviors and promote positive parent-child relationships. However, attendance and parent involvement in face-to-face parent training remain low.

The effectiveness of digital microscopy as a teaching tool in medical laboratory science curriculum.

A fundamental component to the practice of Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) is the microscope. While traditional microscopy (TM) is gold standard, the high cost of maintenance has led to an increased demand for alternative methods, such as digital microscopy (DM). Slides embedded with blood specimens are converted into a digital form that can be run with computer driven software.

Detection of human parechovirus (HPeV)-3 in spinal fluid specimens from pediatric patients in the Chicago area.

Background: The human parechoviruses (HPeV) have recently been recognized as important viral pathogens causing various illnesses including sepsis and meningitis in children. However, data from the United States is limited.

Objectives: To better understand the epidemiology of HPeV in the United States and its role in pediatric disease through detection and typing of the virus in cerebrospinal fluid specimens.

Cryopreservation enhances interleukin-1 production in human mononuclear cells.

The effects of cryopreservation on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) production by unfractionated mononuclear cells (MNCs), adherent cells (ACs), and nonadherent cells (NACs) were studied. Culture supernatants from cryopreserved cells contained significantly larger concentrations of IL-1 [MNCs, 211 +/- 50; ACs, 640 +/- 41; NACs, 116 +/- 19 U/ml (mean +/- SEM)] as compared with supernatants from fresh cells (69 +/- 22, 427 +/- 69, and 72 +/- 33 U/ml, respectively). In addition, supernatants obtained from cocultures of autologous fresh and frozen cells contained much less than the expected quantities of IL-1 (78 +/- 8%), indicating that suppressor cells in the fresh population are responsible for the decreased IL-1 content.